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Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials
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Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Photochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 July 2024 | Viewed by 10763

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Liang Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Changchun Institute Of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy Of Sciences, Changchun, China
Interests: rare earth complexes; organic light-emitting diodes; carbon dots; luminescent mechanisms; energy transfer; carriers trapping
Dr. Xue-Li Hao

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
Interests: physical chemistry; organic optoelectronic materials; fluorescence properties; room-temperature phosphorescence; excited-state dynamics; nonlinear optics
Dr. Weiqiang Liu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
Interests: long-lifetime OLEDs; white OLEDs; electroluminescence mechanism; thermal evaporation process; tandem devices

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Organic and inorganic luminescent materials have captured intensive attention all over the word due to their wide application scope (e.g., display, lighting, biological detection and environmental monitoring). Meanwhile, basic investigations on organic and inorganic luminescent materials have been developing in recent years. For example, based on the developments of organic luminescent materials, OLEDs have been successfully commercialized and honored as the most promising candidates for next-generation display and lighting technology due to their high image quality, auto-emission, flexibility and other merits. Recently, carbon dots, perovskite, aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-type emitters and thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF)-type emitters as well as their applications have been significantly developed.

In order to further showcase the latest advances in organic and inorganic luminescent materials, we have organized this Special Issue titled “Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials” to collect recent advances in the field of organic and inorganic luminescent materials, including novel luminescent materials, luminescent devices, luminescent mechanisms and other applications of organic and inorganic luminescent materials, among other relevant topics. This Research Topic welcomes original research, review, and perspective articles covering topics including, but not limited to, the following aspects:

1. Progress of organic and inorganic luminescent materials.

2. Molecular design of organic and inorganic luminescent materials.

3. Progress of the application of organic and inorganic luminescent materials.

4. Luminescent mechanisms and processes of luminescent materials and devices.

Prof. Dr. Liang Zhou
Dr. Xue-Li Hao
Dr. Weiqiang Liu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • luminescent materials
  • molecular design
  • luminescent mechanisms and processes
  • luminescent devices
  • display
  • lighting
  • detection

Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 3980 KiB  
Article
Enhancing the Luminescence of La3Mg2NbO9:Mn4+ Phosphor through H3BO3 and Charge Compensator Co-Doping for Use in Plant Growth Lamps
by Zaifa Yang, Ruoxuan Wang, Shuyu Yang, Hongxia Bu and Jingfen Zhao
Molecules 2024, 29(6), 1402; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29061402 - 21 Mar 2024
Viewed by 554
Abstract
Mn4+-doped red-light-emitting phosphors have become a research hotspot that can effectively enhance photosynthesis and promote morphogenesis in plants. Herein, the red phosphor La3Mg2NbO9:Mn4+ was synthesized through the solid-state reaction method. The effects of adding [...] Read more.
Mn4+-doped red-light-emitting phosphors have become a research hotspot that can effectively enhance photosynthesis and promote morphogenesis in plants. Herein, the red phosphor La3Mg2NbO9:Mn4+ was synthesized through the solid-state reaction method. The effects of adding H3BO3 and a charge compensator R+ (R = Li, Na, K) on the crystal structure, morphology, quantum efficiency, and luminous performance of the La3Mg2NbO9:Mn4+ phosphor were systematically analyzed, respectively. The results showed that adding H3BO3 flux and a charge compensator improved the quantum efficiency and luminescence intensity. The emission intensity of the phosphor was enhanced about 5.9 times when Li+ was used as the charge compensator, while it was enhanced about 240% with the addition of H3BO3 flux. Remarkably, it was also found that the addition of H3BO3 flux and a charge compensator simultaneously improved the thermal stability at 423 K from 47.3% to 68.9%. The prototype red LED fabricated using the La3Mg2NbO9:Mn4+,H3BO3,Li+ phosphor exhibited a perfect overlap with the phytochrome absorption band for plant growth. All of these results indicate that the La3Mg2NbO9:Mn4+,H3BO3,Li+ phosphor has great potential for use in agricultural plant lighting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials)
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11 pages, 2168 KiB  
Article
Density Functional Calculation and Evaluation of the Spectroscopic Properties and Luminescent Material Application Potential of the N-Heterocyclic Platinum(II) Tetracarbene Complexes
by Bao-Hui Xia, Yin-Si Ma and Fu-Quan Bai
Molecules 2024, 29(2), 524; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules29020524 - 20 Jan 2024
Viewed by 734
Abstract
A series of reported Pt(II) carbene complexes possibly have the ability to serve as the new generation of blue emitters in luminescent devices because of their narrow emission spectra, high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs), and rigid molecular skeleton. However, the combination of all [...] Read more.
A series of reported Pt(II) carbene complexes possibly have the ability to serve as the new generation of blue emitters in luminescent devices because of their narrow emission spectra, high photoluminescence quantum yields (PLQYs), and rigid molecular skeleton. However, the combination of all carbene ligands with different multidentate structures will affect the overall planarity and horizontal dipole ratio to varying degrees, but the specific extent of this effect has not previously been analyzed in detail. In this work, density functional computation is used to study a class of platinum tetracarbene bidentate complexes with similar absorption and emission band characteristics, which is the main reason for the remarkable difference in quantum efficiency due to subtle differences in electronic states caused by different ligands. From the calculation results, the major reason, which results in significantly decrease in quantum efficiency for [Pt(cyim)2]2+, is that [Pt(cyim)2]2+ can reach the non-radiative deactivation metal-centered d-d excited state through an easier pathway compared with [Pt(meim)2]2+. The result, based on changes in the dihedral angle between ligands, can achieve the goal of improving and designing materials by adjusting the degree of the dihedral angle. (meim: bis(1,1′-dimethyl-3,3′-methylene-diimidazoline-2,2′-diylidene); cyim: bis(1,1′-dicyclohexyl-3,3′-methylene-diimidazoline-2,2′-diylidene). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials)
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12 pages, 3022 KiB  
Article
Achieving Luminescence of Sr3Ga1.98In0.02Ge4O14:0.03Cr3+ via [In3+] Substitution [Ga3+] and Its Application to NIR pc-LED in Non-Destructive Testing
by Tao Wang, Bingkai Gao, Jiehong Li, Zhijun Wang and Panlai Li
Molecules 2023, 28(24), 8059; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28248059 - 13 Dec 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 630
Abstract
Cr3+-doped Sr3Ga2Ge4O14:0.03Cr3+ (SGGO:0.03Cr3+) phosphor was synthesized via a high-temperature solid-phase method. Considering the tunable structure of SGGO, Ga3+ ions in the matrix were substituted with In3+ ions at [...] Read more.
Cr3+-doped Sr3Ga2Ge4O14:0.03Cr3+ (SGGO:0.03Cr3+) phosphor was synthesized via a high-temperature solid-phase method. Considering the tunable structure of SGGO, Ga3+ ions in the matrix were substituted with In3+ ions at a certain concentration. The tuned phosphor produced a red-shifted emission spectrum, with its luminescence intensity at 423 K maintained at 63% of that at room temperature; moreover, the internal quantum efficiency increased to 65.60%, and the external quantum efficiency correspondingly increased to 21.94%. On this basis, SGIGO:0.03Cr3+ was encapsulated into a pc-LED, which was applied in non-destructive testing (NDT) experiments, successfully realizing the recognition of water and anhydrous ethanol, proving its potential application in the field of NDT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials)
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15 pages, 7887 KiB  
Article
Study on Asymmetric Vibrational Coherent Magnetic Transitions and Origin of Fluorescence in Symmetric Structures
by Lulu Sun, Ning Li, Ji Ma and Jingang Wang
Molecules 2023, 28(18), 6645; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28186645 - 15 Sep 2023
Viewed by 644
Abstract
In this work, the physical mechanisms of three highly efficient circularly polarized luminescent materials are introduced. The UV–vis spectra are plotted; the transition properties of their electrons at the excited states are investigated using a combination of the transition density matrix (TDM) and [...] Read more.
In this work, the physical mechanisms of three highly efficient circularly polarized luminescent materials are introduced. The UV–vis spectra are plotted; the transition properties of their electrons at the excited states are investigated using a combination of the transition density matrix (TDM) and the charge difference density (CDD); combining the distribution of electron clouds, the essence of charge transfer excitation in three structures is explained. The resonance Raman spectrum of the three structures at the S1 and S2 excited states are calculated. The M, M-4 and M, M-5 structures are found to produce novel chirality by electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum, and the reasons for the chirality of the M, M-4 and M, M-5 structures are discussed by analyzing the density of transition electric/magnetic dipole moments (TEDM/TMDMs) in different orientations. Finally, the Raman optical activity (ROA) of M, M-4, and M, M-5 are calculated, and the spectra are plotted. This study will provide guidance for the application of carbon-based nanomaterials in organic electronic devices, solar cells, and optoelectronics. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials)
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8 pages, 2075 KiB  
Article
Highly Effective Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitters Based on Symmetry and Asymmetry Nicotinonitrile Derivatives
by Min Gyeong Choi, Chan Hee Lee, Chihaya Adachi and Sae Youn Lee
Molecules 2022, 27(23), 8274; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27238274 - 27 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1509
Abstract
In this study, we developed two thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, ICzCN and ICzCYP, to apply to organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). These emitters involve indolocarbazole (ICz) donor units and nicotinonitrile acceptor units with a twisted donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) structure for small singlet [...] Read more.
In this study, we developed two thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters, ICzCN and ICzCYP, to apply to organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). These emitters involve indolocarbazole (ICz) donor units and nicotinonitrile acceptor units with a twisted donor-acceptor-donor (D-A-D) structure for small singlet (S1) and triplet (T1) state energy gap (ΔEST) to enable efficient exciton transfer from the T1 to the S1 state. Depending on the position of the cyano-substituent, ICzCN has a symmetric structure by introducing donor units at the 3,5-position of isonicotinonitrile, and ICzCYP has an asymmetric structure by introducing donor units at the 2,6-position of nicotinonitrile. These emitters have different properties, such as the maximum luminance (Lmax) value. The Lmax of ICzCN reached over 10000 cd m−2. The external quantum efficiency (ηext) was 14.8% for ICzCN and 14.9% for ICzCYP, and both achieved a low turn-on voltage (Von) of less than 3.4 eV. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials)
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13 pages, 3086 KiB  
Article
Rare Earth Complexes of Europium(II) and Substituted Bis(pyrazolyl)borates with High Photoluminescence Efficiency
by Ruoyao Guo, Zifeng Zhao, Aoben Wu, Yuqin Li, Kezhi Wang, Zuqiang Bian and Zhiwei Liu
Molecules 2022, 27(22), 8053; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27228053 - 20 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1566
Abstract
Rare earth europium(II) complexes based on d-f transition luminescence have characteristics of broad emission spectra, tunable emission colors and short excited state lifetimes, showing great potential in display, lighting and other fields. In this work, four complexes of Eu(II) and bis(pyrazolyl)borate ligands, where [...] Read more.
Rare earth europium(II) complexes based on d-f transition luminescence have characteristics of broad emission spectra, tunable emission colors and short excited state lifetimes, showing great potential in display, lighting and other fields. In this work, four complexes of Eu(II) and bis(pyrazolyl)borate ligands, where pyrazolyl stands for pyrazolyl, 3-methylpyrazolyl, 3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl or 3-trifluoromethylpyrazole, were designed and synthesized. Due to the varied steric hindrance of the ligands, different numbers of solvent molecules (tetrahydrofuran) are participated to saturate the coordination structure. These complexes showed blue-green to yellow emissions with maximum wavelength in the range of 490–560 nm, and short excited state lifetimes of 30–540 ns. Among them, the highest photoluminescence quantum yield can reach 100%. In addition, when the complexes were heated under vacuum or nitrogen atmosphere, they finally transformed into the complexes of Eu(II) and corresponding tri(pyrazolyl)borate ligands and sublimated away. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials)
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14 pages, 3823 KiB  
Article
Double Perovskite Mn4+-Doped La2CaSnO6/La2MgSnO6 Phosphor for Near-Ultraviolet Light Excited W-LEDs and Plant Growth
by Zheng Lu, Dashuai Sun, Zeyu Lyu, Sida Shen, Jianhui Wang, Hanwei Zhao, Lixuan Wang and Hongpeng You
Molecules 2022, 27(22), 7697; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27227697 - 09 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1629
Abstract
Non-rare earth doped oxide phosphors with far-red emission have become one of the hot spots of current research due to their low price and excellent physicochemical stability as the red component in white light-emitting diodes (W-LEDs) and plant growth. Herein, we report novel [...] Read more.
Non-rare earth doped oxide phosphors with far-red emission have become one of the hot spots of current research due to their low price and excellent physicochemical stability as the red component in white light-emitting diodes (W-LEDs) and plant growth. Herein, we report novel Mn4+-doped La2CaSnO6 and La2MgSnO6 phosphors by high-temperature solid-phase synthesis and analyzed their crystal structures by XRD and Rietveld refinement. Their excitation spectra consist of two distinct excitation bands with the dominant excitation range from 250 to 450 nm, indicating that they possess strong absorption of near-ultraviolet light. Their emission is located around 693 and 708 nm, respectively, and can be absorbed by the photosensitive pigments Pr and Pfr, proving their great potential for plant growth. Finally, the prepared samples were coated with 365 nm UV chips to fabricate far-red LEDs and W-LEDs with low correlation color temperature (CCT = 4958 K/5275 K) and high color rendering index (Ra = 96.4/96.6). Our results indicate that La2CaSnO6:Mn4+ and La2MgSnO6:Mn4+ red phosphors could be used as candidate materials for W-LED lighting and plant growth. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials)
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10 pages, 1970 KiB  
Article
Very Low-Efficiency Droop in 293 nm AlGaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes Featuring a Subtly Designed p-Type Layer
by Mu-Jen Lai, Yi-Tsung Chang, Shu-Chang Wang, Shiang-Fu Huang, Rui-Sen Liu, Xiong Zhang, Lung-Chien Chen and Ray-Ming Lin
Molecules 2022, 27(21), 7596; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27217596 - 05 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1364
Abstract
This paper reports an AlGaN-based ultraviolet-B light-emitting diode (UVB-LED) with a peak wavelength at 293 nm that was almost free of efficiency droop in the temperature range from 298 to 358 K. Its maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs), which were measured at a [...] Read more.
This paper reports an AlGaN-based ultraviolet-B light-emitting diode (UVB-LED) with a peak wavelength at 293 nm that was almost free of efficiency droop in the temperature range from 298 to 358 K. Its maximum external quantum efficiencies (EQEs), which were measured at a current density of 88.6 A cm–2, when operated at 298, 318, and 338 K were 2.93, 2.84, and 2.76%, respectively; notably, however, the current droop (J-droop) in each of these cases was less than 1%. When the temperature was 358 K, the maximum EQE of 2.61% occurred at a current density of 63.3 A cm–2, and the J-droop was 1.52%. We believe that the main mechanism responsible for overcoming the J-droop was the uniform distribution of the concentrations of injected electrons and holes within the multiple quantum wells. Through the subtle design of the p-type AlGaN layer, with the optimization of the composition and doping level, the hole injection efficiency was enhanced, and the Auger recombination mechanism was inhibited in an experimental setting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials)
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19 pages, 2519 KiB  
Review
Review of the Application of Dual Drug Delivery Nanotheranostic Agents in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Liver Cancer
by Qinghe Han, Lianze Du, Lili Zhu and Duo Yu
Molecules 2023, 28(20), 7004; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28207004 - 10 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1411
Abstract
Liver cancer has high incidence and mortality rates and its treatment generally requires the use of a combination treatment strategy. Therefore, the early detection and diagnosis of liver cancer is crucial to achieving the best treatment effect. In addition, it is imperative to [...] Read more.
Liver cancer has high incidence and mortality rates and its treatment generally requires the use of a combination treatment strategy. Therefore, the early detection and diagnosis of liver cancer is crucial to achieving the best treatment effect. In addition, it is imperative to explore multimodal combination therapy for liver cancer treatment and the synergistic effect of two liver cancer treatment drugs while preventing drug resistance and drug side effects to maximize the achievable therapeutic effect. Gold nanoparticles are used widely in applications related to optical imaging, CT imaging, MRI imaging, biomarkers, targeted drug therapy, etc., and serve as an advanced platform for integrated application in the nano-diagnosis and treatment of diseases. Dual-drug-delivery nano-diagnostic and therapeutic agents have drawn great interest in current times. Therefore, the present report aims to review the effectiveness of dual-drug-delivery nano-diagnostic and therapeutic agents in the field of anti-tumor therapy from the particular perspective of liver cancer diagnosis and treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Organic and Inorganic Luminescent Materials)
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