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Active Colloidal Systems in Gas and Liquid
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Active Colloidal Systems in Gas and Liquid

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Physical Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 11151

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Mikhail M. Vasiliev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Moscow, Russia
Interests: colloidal plasma; gas-discharge plasma; cryogenic colloidal systems; plasma medicine; experimental technique
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The overwhelming majority of objects in nature are open systems, which makes them more difficult to study. Therefore, the thermodynamics of systems far from equilibrium is an actively developing field of science. As a separate class of open systems, one can distinguish systems of so-called active Brownian particles, i.e., particles capable of converting the energy received from outside into their own kinetic energy of motion. Examples of natural “active Brownian particles” are motile cells. The range of artificial active particles is wide; mostly, they are colloid systems with chemically active surfaces. This Special Issue welcomes results of theoretical and experimental studies concerning the dynamics of all active systems.

Dr. Mikhail M. Vasiliev
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Open and dissipative systems
  • Coulomb structures
  • Active agents
  • Brownian motion
  • Collective behavior
  • Dusty plasma

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 1742 KiB  
Article
A Versatile Method for Synthesis of Light-Activated, Magnet-Steerable Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Active Colloids
by Dejia Geng, Lei Chen, Sinan Du, Xiang Yang, Huaguang Wang and Zexin Zhang
Molecules 2023, 28(7), 3048; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28073048 - 29 Mar 2023
Viewed by 1307
Abstract
The immense potential of active colloids in practical applications and fundamental research calls for an efficient method to synthesize active colloids of high uniformity. Herein, a facile method is reported to synthesize uniform organic–inorganic hybrid active colloids based on the wetting effect of [...] Read more.
The immense potential of active colloids in practical applications and fundamental research calls for an efficient method to synthesize active colloids of high uniformity. Herein, a facile method is reported to synthesize uniform organic–inorganic hybrid active colloids based on the wetting effect of polystyrene (PS) with photoresponsive inorganic nanoparticles in a tetrahydrofuran/water mixture. The results show that a range of dimer active colloids can be produced by using different inorganic components, such as AgCl, ZnO, TiO2, and Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Moreover, the strategy provides a simple way to prepare dual-drive active colloids by a rational selection of the starting organic materials, such as magnetic PS particles that result in light and magnet dual-drive active colloids. The motions of these active colloids are quantified, and well-controlled movements are demonstrated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Colloidal Systems in Gas and Liquid)
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7 pages, 664 KiB  
Article
Effect of Negative Ion Generation on Complex Plasma Structure Properties
by Andrey V. Zobnin, Andrey M. Lipaev and Alexander D. Usachev
Molecules 2022, 27(24), 8669; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27248669 - 08 Dec 2022
Viewed by 899
Abstract
We propose a low-density discharge plasma model that takes into account the impact of oxygen admixture in typical conditions of complex (dusty) plasmas. Numerical simulations based on this model show that the concentration of negative ions turns out to be very high, and [...] Read more.
We propose a low-density discharge plasma model that takes into account the impact of oxygen admixture in typical conditions of complex (dusty) plasmas. Numerical simulations based on this model show that the concentration of negative ions turns out to be very high, and they play an important role in the overall kinetics in this particular range of plasma conditions. The ambipolar diffusion electric field drags these negative ions into the center of the plasma. The density of negative ions is high enough to push the negatively charged dust component out of the center, both by weakening the radial electric field and by increasing the thermophoretic force. This phenomenon was observed in the published experiment and qualitatively supports the proposed model. Additionally, the proposed model allows an alternative explanation of the experiment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Colloidal Systems in Gas and Liquid)
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15 pages, 3822 KiB  
Article
The Optimal Axis-Symmetrical Plasma Potential Distribution for Plasma Mass Separation
by Andrey Pavlovich Oiler, Gennadii Dmitrievich Liziakin, Andrey Vladimirovich Gavrikov and Valentin Panteleimonovich Smirnov
Molecules 2022, 27(20), 6824; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27206824 - 12 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1032
Abstract
The mass separation of chemical element mixtures is a relevant task for numerous applications in the nuclear power industry. One of the promising approaches to solve this problem is plasma mass separation. In a recent study, the efficiency of plasma mass separation in [...] Read more.
The mass separation of chemical element mixtures is a relevant task for numerous applications in the nuclear power industry. One of the promising approaches to solve this problem is plasma mass separation. In a recent study, the efficiency of plasma mass separation in a configuration with a potential well and a homogeneous magnetic field was experimentally demonstrated. This article examines the possibility of increasing the distance between the deposition regions of charged particles with different masses by varying the profile of the electric field potential. Such correlation can be considered as the control in a system of active particles. A cylindrical coordinate system is used. The electric field is axially symmetrical, and the magnetic field is directed along the axis of the symmetry. The corresponding mathematical problem was solved in a general way. The criteria for increasing the distance between the deposition areas of the “light” and “heavy” components of the mixture have been formulated. A high sensitivity of particle trajectories to the electric field potential in the region of the pericentres of the trajectories of charged particles was detected. Recommendations for the practical implementation of the optimal spatial separation of ion fluxes are proposed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Colloidal Systems in Gas and Liquid)
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8 pages, 3110 KiB  
Article
Effect of Laser Radiation on the Dynamics of Active Brownian Macroparticles in an Extended Plasma-Dust Monolayer
by Ilnaz Izailovich Fairushin, Mikhail Mikhailovich Vasiliev and Oleg Fedorovich Petrov
Molecules 2021, 26(22), 6974; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26226974 - 18 Nov 2021
Cited by 14 | Viewed by 1252
Abstract
Using the modified method of Brownian dynamics, the dynamics of macroparticles with a uniform metal coating in a plasma-dust monolayer under the action of laser radiation was simulated. The time dependences of the root-mean-square and average linear displacements of particles were calculated for [...] Read more.
Using the modified method of Brownian dynamics, the dynamics of macroparticles with a uniform metal coating in a plasma-dust monolayer under the action of laser radiation was simulated. The time dependences of the root-mean-square and average linear displacements of particles were calculated for different initial effective parameters of nonideality and different intensities of laser radiation. A relationship was established that connects the effective parameter of nonideality of the dusty plasma system of active particles with the maximum value of the mean linear displacement of particles. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Colloidal Systems in Gas and Liquid)
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10 pages, 3155 KiB  
Article
Soybean-Oil-Based CO2-Switchable Surfactants with Multiple Heads
by Huiyu Huang, Xiaoling Huang, Hongping Quan and Xin Su
Molecules 2021, 26(14), 4342; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26144342 - 18 Jul 2021
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2343
Abstract
Oligomeric surfactants display the novel properties of low surface activity, low critical micellar concentration and enhanced viscosity, but no CO2 switchable oligomeric surfactants have been developed so far. The introduction of CO2 can convert tertiary amine reversibly to quaternary ammonium salt, [...] Read more.
Oligomeric surfactants display the novel properties of low surface activity, low critical micellar concentration and enhanced viscosity, but no CO2 switchable oligomeric surfactants have been developed so far. The introduction of CO2 can convert tertiary amine reversibly to quaternary ammonium salt, which causes switchable surface activity. In this study, epoxidized soybean oil was selected as a raw material to synthesize a CO2-responsive oligomeric surfactant. After addition and removal of CO2, the conductivity analyzing proves that the oligomeric surfactant had a good response to CO2 stimulation. The viscosity of the oligomeric surfactant solution increased obviously after sparging CO2, but returned to its initial low viscosity in the absence of CO2. This work is expected to open a new window for the study of bio-based CO2-stimulated oligomeric surfactants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Colloidal Systems in Gas and Liquid)
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14 pages, 1994 KiB  
Article
Plasma Parameters around a Chain-Like Structure of Dust Particles in an External Electric Field
by Mikhail Salnikov, Alexander Fedoseev and Gennadiy Sukhinin
Molecules 2021, 26(13), 3846; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133846 - 24 Jun 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1508
Abstract
The formation of a 1D chain-like structure of dust particles in a low-temperature argon plasma was studied. A new numerical model for calculation of the self-consistent spatial distribution of plasma parameters around a chain of dust particles was presented. The model described the [...] Read more.
The formation of a 1D chain-like structure of dust particles in a low-temperature argon plasma was studied. A new numerical model for calculation of the self-consistent spatial distribution of plasma parameters around a chain of dust particles was presented. The model described the motion of positively charged ions in the electric potential of several negatively charged dust particles, taking into account the action of an external electric field. The main advantage of the model was that the charges of the dust particles and the interparticle distances were determined self-consistently. As a result of numerical simulations, the dependencies of the spatial distributions of the plasma parameters (the densities of electrons and ions and the self-consistent electric potential) near the dust particles chain on the strength of the external electric field, an external force acted on the last particle, and the mean free path of the ions was determined. The obtained results made it possible to describe the process of the formation of chain-like structures of dust particles in discharge plasma. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Colloidal Systems in Gas and Liquid)
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13 pages, 433 KiB  
Article
Dusty Plasma in Inhomogeneous Magnetic Fields in a Stratified Glow Discharge
by Elena S. Dzlieva, Lev G. D’yachkov, Leontiy A. Novikov, Sergey I. Pavlov and Viktor Y. Karasev
Molecules 2021, 26(13), 3788; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133788 - 22 Jun 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1841
Abstract
We study the dynamics of dust particles in a stratified glow discharge in inhomogeneous magnetic fields. Dust structures are formed in standing striations, in which traps for dust particles arise. When a magnetic field is applied, these structures begin to rotate. The observations [...] Read more.
We study the dynamics of dust particles in a stratified glow discharge in inhomogeneous magnetic fields. Dust structures are formed in standing striations, in which traps for dust particles arise. When a magnetic field is applied, these structures begin to rotate. The observations were carried out in striations near the end of the solenoid, where the region of an inhomogeneous magnetic field begins. With an increase in the magnetic field, the dusty structure can be deformed. The rotation of a dusty structure in an inhomogeneous magnetic field has been studied in detail; it has its own peculiarities in comparison with rotation in a uniform field. We have considered the mechanisms of such rotation and estimated its velocity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Colloidal Systems in Gas and Liquid)
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