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Carbon Dots: From Lab Syntheses to Unique Applications
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Carbon Dots: From Lab Syntheses to Unique Applications

A special issue of Molecules (ISSN 1420-3049). This special issue belongs to the section "Applied Chemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 11609

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yiqun Zhou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
Interests: carbon dots; nanomaterials; purification; separation; characterizations; photocatalysis; drug delivery; gene therapy; Alzheimer’s disease; oncology
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Piumi Liyanage

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
Interests: carbon nitride dots; nanomaterials; nanomedicine; characterizations; drug delivery; oncology
Dr. Sajini Hettiarachchi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
Interests: carbon dots; quantum dots; liposome; niosome; semiconductors; nanotechnology; nano-drug delivery; spectroscopy; oncology; Alzheimer's disease, renin angiotensin aldosterone system; cell culture; tissue culture; radio-ligand binding

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbon dots (CDs) have long been present in human history. In the past 20 years, CDs have witnessed an unprecedented prosperous development from lab synthesis to natural acquisition. A few of the varied synthesis strategies can be grouped into top-down (breaking of large remnants) and bottom-up (small molecule bond breaking/forming). Considering their small size, high water dispersity, excellent biocompatibility, photoluminescence (PL), surface tunability, abundant electron donors and acceptors, and nontoxic nature, CDs and their covalently conjugated derivatives have been widely applied in bioimaging, sensing, security and 3D printing, photocatalysis, thermoelectricity, hybrid fuels and targeted drug/gene delivery to treat various cancers and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. CDs are playing an increasingly important role in diverse aspects of research and our lives. However, each type of CD is unique with its own properties and potential applications. Therefore, this Special Issue aims to collect information on different CD species in terms of their synthetic approaches, purification and separation strategies, surface modification techniques, characterization of their optical, structural, morphological, and other physicochemical properties, and aforementioned applications. The goal is to deeply investigate fundamental insights into the structure–function correlation of CDs as well as their promising uses in the diverse fields in which they are applied.

Dr. Yiqun Zhou
Dr. Piumi Liyanage
Dr. Sajini Hettiarachchi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Molecules is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • carbon dots
  • synthesis
  • characterizations
  • photocatalysis
  • drug delivery
  • bioimaging

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 3421 KiB  
Communication
Preparation of Multicolor Fluorescent Carbon Dots Based on Catechol and o-Phthalaldehyde
by Ming Chen, Fulin Yang, Defa Hou, Yunwu Zheng, Can Liu, Xu Lin, Yan Li and Hao Sun
Molecules 2023, 28(14), 5303; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28145303 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1132
Abstract
As the foremost category of carbon materials, carbon dots (CDs) have been extensively applied in many domains because of their special fluorescence features and outstanding biocompatibility. However, in early studies of fluorescent CDs, as the fluorescence wavelength of most CDs was restricted to [...] Read more.
As the foremost category of carbon materials, carbon dots (CDs) have been extensively applied in many domains because of their special fluorescence features and outstanding biocompatibility. However, in early studies of fluorescent CDs, as the fluorescence wavelength of most CDs was restricted to the blue or green region and was excitation dependent, the application of CDs was limited. In this study, three representative CDs, fluorescing yellow, green, and blue, were synthesized under alkaline, neutral, and acidic circumstances, respectively, while using a hydrothermal method in which catechol and phthalaldehyde acted as carbon sources and methanol functioned as the reaction solvent. The carbon nuclei of the three fluorescent CDs all had comparable graphite structures. The diversity of photoluminescence (PL) emission from these three CDs was attributed mainly to the different sizes of the sp2 conjugated structures among them. Mixing synthesized CDs with epoxy resin, three colors (yellow, green, and blue) of LED using CIE coordinates (0.40, 0.44), (0.33, 0.46), and (0.21, 0.22), respectively, were successfully prepared. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Dots: From Lab Syntheses to Unique Applications)
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18 pages, 4317 KiB  
Article
Investigation into Red Emission and Its Applications: Solvatochromic N-Doped Red Emissive Carbon Dots with Solvent Polarity Sensing and Solid-State Fluorescent Nanocomposite Thin Films
by Justin B. Domena, Ermin Celebic, Braulio C. L. B. Ferreira, Yiqun Zhou, Wei Zhang, Jiuyan Chen, M. Bartoli, A. Tagliaferro, Qiaxian Johnson, Bhanu P. S. Chauhan, Victor Paulino, Jean-Hubert Olivier and Roger M. Leblanc
Molecules 2023, 28(4), 1755; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041755 - 12 Feb 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2385
Abstract
In this work, a NIR emitting dye, p-toluenesulfonate (IR-813) was explored as a model precursor to develop red emissive carbon dots (813-CD) with solvatochromic behavior with a red-shift observed with increasing solvent polarity. The 813-CDs produced had emission peaks at 610 and [...] Read more.
In this work, a NIR emitting dye, p-toluenesulfonate (IR-813) was explored as a model precursor to develop red emissive carbon dots (813-CD) with solvatochromic behavior with a red-shift observed with increasing solvent polarity. The 813-CDs produced had emission peaks at 610 and 698 nm, respectively, in water with blue shifts of emission as solvent polarity decreased. Subsequently, 813-CD was synthesized with increasing nitrogen content with polyethyleneimine (PEI) to elucidate the change in band gap energy. With increased nitrogen content, the CDs produced emissions as far as 776 nm. Additionally, a CD nanocomposite polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) film was synthesized to assess the phenomenon of solid-state fluorescence. Furthermore, the CDs were found to have electrochemical properties to be used as an additive doping agent for PVP film coatings. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Dots: From Lab Syntheses to Unique Applications)
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13 pages, 3149 KiB  
Article
Carbon Dots-Based Fluorescence Assay for the Facile and Reliable Detection of Ag+ in Natural Water and Serum Samples
by Yuanping Luo, Chen Cui, Xingshou Zhang, Yuxiang Jiang, Zhuang Xiang, Chunyu Ji and Zhili Peng
Molecules 2023, 28(4), 1566; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28041566 - 6 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1523
Abstract
In this report, red-emissive carbon dots (C-dots) were facilely prepared from o-phenylenediamine via microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment. The C-dots demonstrated excitation wavelength-independent emission with maximums at 621 nm that could be effectively quenched by Ag+ via static quenching. This phenomenon was exploited [...] Read more.
In this report, red-emissive carbon dots (C-dots) were facilely prepared from o-phenylenediamine via microwave-assisted hydrothermal treatment. The C-dots demonstrated excitation wavelength-independent emission with maximums at 621 nm that could be effectively quenched by Ag+ via static quenching. This phenomenon was exploited to establish a sensitive fluorescence assay with a low detection limit (0.37 μM) and wide linear range (0–50 μM). In addition, this assay demonstrated excellent selectivity toward Ag+, free from the interference of 16 commonly seen metal ions. Most importantly, the assay demonstrated high reliability toward samples in deionized water, mineral water, lake water, and serum, which could indicate potential applications for Ag+ monitoring in complicated natural and biological environments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Dots: From Lab Syntheses to Unique Applications)
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Review

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18 pages, 4480 KiB  
Review
An Overview on Carbon Quantum Dots Optical and Chemical Features
by Marco Giuseppe Giordano, Giulia Seganti, Mattia Bartoli and Alberto Tagliaferro
Molecules 2023, 28(6), 2772; https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules28062772 - 19 Mar 2023
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 6047
Abstract
Carbon quantum dots are the materials of a new era with astonishing properties such as high photoluminescence, chemical tuneability and high biocompatibility. Since their discovery, carbon quantum dots have been described as nanometric high-fluorescent carbon nanoparticles, but this definition has become weaker year [...] Read more.
Carbon quantum dots are the materials of a new era with astonishing properties such as high photoluminescence, chemical tuneability and high biocompatibility. Since their discovery, carbon quantum dots have been described as nanometric high-fluorescent carbon nanoparticles, but this definition has become weaker year after year. Nowadays, the classification and the physical explanation of carbon quantum dots optical properties and their chemical structure remain matter of debate. In this review, we provide a clear discussion on these points, providing a starting point for the rationalization of their classification and a comprehensive view on the optical and chemical features of carbon quantum dots. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Carbon Dots: From Lab Syntheses to Unique Applications)
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