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Minerals
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Probe into Marine Sediment Provenance
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Probe into Marine Sediment Provenance

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Clays and Engineered Mineral Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 3943

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hyen-Goo Cho

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Geology, Research Institute of Natural Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
Interests: clay mineral; sediment provenance; polar science

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Marine sediments preserve important records of the Earth’s history, such as tectonic events, biological evolution, and global climate change. Although marine sediments  mostly originate from continents, some are authigetic and come from the sea. Marine sediment provenance is investigated using various geophysical, sedimentological, mineralogical, geochemical, and geochronological methods. These methods are also widely used in the oil and gas industry. Provenance probes for marine sediments are expected to restore the tectonic, paleo-geographic, and paleo-climatic history of the retrieved sediments.

For this Special Issue, we invite authors to submit papers on topics related to geophysical and sedimentological features as well as the geochemistry, mineralogy, and geochronology of marine sediments.

Dr. Hyen-Goo Cho
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine sediments
  • provenance of sediments
  • source-to-sink
  • paleoclimate
  • climate change
  • clay minerals
  • heavy minerals
  • paleoenvironmental reconstruction
  • paleogeography
  • terrigenous sediment
  • mineralogy of sediment
  • geochemistry
  • isotopic (stable and radiogenic) analysis
  • method for provenance

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 7265 KiB  
Article
Late Campanian Climatic-Continental Weathering Assessment and Its Influence on Source Rocks Deposition in Southern Tethys, Egypt
by Douaa Fathy, Rainer Abart, Michael Wagreich, Susanne Gier, Mohamed S. Ahmed and Mabrouk Sami
Minerals 2023, 13(2), 160; https://doi.org/10.3390/min13020160 - 21 Jan 2023
Cited by 18 | Viewed by 2157
Abstract
Climatic variability and silicate weathering are remarkable features throughout the Late Cretaceous period. Late Campanian black shale is considered the most significant silicate source rock in the southern Tethys. Here, we used mineralogical and geochemical data to evaluate the continental weathering intensity and [...] Read more.
Climatic variability and silicate weathering are remarkable features throughout the Late Cretaceous period. Late Campanian black shale is considered the most significant silicate source rock in the southern Tethys. Here, we used mineralogical and geochemical data to evaluate the continental weathering intensity and climatic changes as well as their impact on the deposition of the Late Campanian black shale in the Western Desert of Egypt. The studied black shale has a relatively high concentration of Al, Fe, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ga, Co, Cr, and V when compared to the average Post-Archean Australian Shales (PAAS). The studied samples have elevated values of Ga/Rb, and low values of Rb/Sr, Sr/Cu, and K2O/Al2O3, supporting the deposition of Late Campanian shale under warm/humid conditions. Furthermore, the average chemical index of alteration (CIA, 78.6%), chemical index of weathering (CIW; 83.8%), C-value (1.26), Fe/Mn (408), and Mg/Ca (1.54) reveal the predominance of warm/humid climate. The chemical weathering proxies (CIA, CIW, PIA, LnAl2O3/Na2O) and ACNK diagram imply that the Late Campanian samples were exposed to a moderate grade of chemical alteration. The deposition of black shale occurred under high seawater salinity conditions based on Sr/Ba (Avg = 3.6). Additionally, the weathering indices are well correlated with paleoclimatic proxies, suggesting that weathering intensity is strongly affected by paleoclimate. However, chemical weathering during the Late Campanian has a weak influence on oceanic nutrient fluxes. No substantial impact of the paleoclimate during the deposition of Late Campanian black shale on water salinity was reported. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probe into Marine Sediment Provenance)
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16 pages, 17416 KiB  
Article
Authigenic Gypsum Precipitation in the ARAON Mounds, East Siberian Sea
by Hyo Jin Koo, Jeong Kyu Jang, Dong Hun Lee and Hyen Goo Cho
Minerals 2022, 12(8), 983; https://doi.org/10.3390/min12080983 - 02 Aug 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1490
Abstract
Authigenic gypsum has been observed in marine methane hydrate-bearing sediments throughout the last decade. However, changes in mineral composition and gypsum precipitation in methane emission environments have not yet been reported in the Arctic. Expeditions aboard R/V ARAON revealed several mound structures described [...] Read more.
Authigenic gypsum has been observed in marine methane hydrate-bearing sediments throughout the last decade. However, changes in mineral composition and gypsum precipitation in methane emission environments have not yet been reported in the Arctic. Expeditions aboard R/V ARAON revealed several mound structures described as active seeps, which were given the name ARAON Mounds (AMs). Core sediments from the AMs provide an excellent opportunity to research authigenic mineral production in the Arctic methane environment. We identified sedimentary units and investigated the mineral composition of gravity cores from the AMs and a background site. The background core ARA09C-St13, obtained between the mound structures, contains five sedimentary units that extend from the Chukchi Rise to Chukchi Basin, and core sediments from the AMs contain three sedimentary units in the same order. The fundamental difference between AMs and the background site is the lack of dolomite and abundance of gypsum in AMs. This gypsum precipitated authigenically in situ based on its morphological features. Precipitation was more closely associated with the absence of dolomite than the location of the sulfate–methane transition according to the vertical distribution of gypsum in the sediment. Chemical weathering and gypsum overgrowth were confirmed on dolomite surfaces recovered from the AMs, suggesting that dolomite dissolution is the primary source of Ca for gypsum precipitation. Dissolution of biological carbonates and ion exclusion may provide Ca for gypsum precipitation, but this mechanism appears to be secondary, as gypsum is present only in sedimentary units containing dolomite. The main sources of sulfate were inferred to be oxidation of H2S and disproportionation of sulfide, as no sulfide other than gypsum was observed. Our findings reveal that gypsum precipitation linked to methane emission in the Arctic Ocean occurs mainly in dolomite-rich sediments, suggesting that gypsum is a suitable proxy for identifying methane hydrate zones in the Arctic Ocean. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Probe into Marine Sediment Provenance)
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