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Minerals
Special Issues
Soil Sorption Capacity and Remediation Methods
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Soil Sorption Capacity and Remediation Methods

A special issue of Minerals (ISSN 2075-163X). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Mineralogy and Biogeochemistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 February 2021) | Viewed by 14652

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Veronica Mpode Ngole-Jeme

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Ecological and Human Sustainability, College of Agriculture and Environmental Science, University of South Africa, Florida 1709, South Africa
Interests: soil quality monitoring and assessment; environmental chemistry environmental chemistry; soil remediation; heavy metals exposure risk assesment; occurnece of EDCs in soils
Prof. Dr. Elvis Fosso-Kankeu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Metallurgy, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2006, South Africa
Interests: treatment of mining effluents; recovery of values
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Soils play a major role in the attenuation of naturally-occurring contaminants and contaminants of anthropogenic origins. The desire for an improved quality of life compromises the very nature of soils by hampering their ability to efficiently execute scientific processes associated with remediation. Sorption plays a significant role in contaminant remediation and is being widely exploited as a valuable remediation technique. Soil sorption transcends several disciplines including soil mineralogy and soil biogeochemistry and merits attention, giving insight into the various factors, processes, and mechanisms governing soil remediation. This Special Issue presents in-depth findings of research conducted on the subject. It also gives a multidisciplinary perspective on sorption mechanisms and principles applied in the use of various remediation techniques.

Prof. Dr. Veronica Mpode Ngole-Jeme
Prof. Dr. Elvis Fosso-Kankeu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Minerals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Bioremediation
  • Chemical remediation
  • Climate change
  • Inorganic contaminants
  • Natural attenuation
  • Organic contaminants
  • Physical remediation
  • Selective sorption
  • Soil biogeochemistry
  • Soil components
  • Soil mineralogy
  • Soil sorption
  • Sorption isotherms
  • Sorption kinetics
  • Sorption mechanisms
  • Sorption parameters

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 2951 KiB  
Article
Phytoremediation of Heavy-Metals-Contaminated Soils: A Short-Term Trial Involving Two Willow Species from Gloucester WillowBank in the UK
by Salim Lamine and Ian Saunders
Minerals 2022, 12(5), 519; https://doi.org/10.3390/min12050519 - 22 Apr 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3116 | Retraction
Abstract
Phytoremediation, as a bioremediation process in which plants are used to remove contaminants from an environment, has proved to be a practical and low-cost strategy for recovering mining-affected areas. This study aims to assess the potential for use in phytoremediation of two willow [...] Read more.
Phytoremediation, as a bioremediation process in which plants are used to remove contaminants from an environment, has proved to be a practical and low-cost strategy for recovering mining-affected areas. This study aims to assess the potential for use in phytoremediation of two willow species, Salix viminalis and Salix dasyclados, by testing their potential for cleaning-up a range of soils with differing heavy metal concentrations: Pb (111, 141, 192 and 249 mg /kg), Zn (778.6, 1482, 2734 and 4411 mg/kg) and Cd (3.00, 5.03, 9.14 and 16.07 mg/kg). The extracted metals were preferentially translocated to the leaves with considerably higher concentrations and relative BAFs in the case of S. viminalis. The highest recorded Zn concentration of over 0.5% was found in the leaves of S. viminalis growing in soil 4. However, under the conditions of the experiments, S. dasyclados showed greater potential for use in phytoremediation, especially if coupled with use of biomass for energy production. An assessment of the suitability of willow species in this role, with regard to wider aspects involved, such as use of resultant biomass and/or waste management, revealed good potential. Willows are fast growing, grow vigorously from coppiced stumps and have extensive root systems. Therefore, their use in bioenergy production through pyrolysis or combustion, coupled with flue gas screening, is strongly advised. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Sorption Capacity and Remediation Methods)
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17 pages, 3813 KiB  
Article
Development of Mine Soils in a Chronosequence of Forestry-Reclaimed Sites in Eastern Kentucky
by Kenton L. Sena, Kevin M. Yeager, Christopher D. Barton, John M. Lhotka, William E. Bond and Kimberly J. Schindler
Minerals 2021, 11(4), 422; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11040422 - 16 Apr 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2321
Abstract
Surface mining for coal has contributed to widespread deforestation and soil loss in coal mining regions around the world, and particularly in Appalachia, USA. Mined land reforestation is of interest in this and other regions where forests are the dominant pre-mining land use. [...] Read more.
Surface mining for coal has contributed to widespread deforestation and soil loss in coal mining regions around the world, and particularly in Appalachia, USA. Mined land reforestation is of interest in this and other regions where forests are the dominant pre-mining land use. This study evaluated mine soil development on surface-mined sites reforested according to the Forestry Reclamation Approach, representing a chronosequence of time ranging from 0 to 19 years after reclamation. Soils were sampled in depth increments to 50 cm and analyzed for a suite of soil physical and chemical characteristics. Overall, soil fines (silt + clay) tended to increase over time since reclamation (17% silt at year 0 increasing to 35% at year 11; 3.2% clay at year 0 increasing to 5.7% at year 14) while concentrations of metals (e.g., Al, Mg, Mn, Na) demonstrated varied relationships with time since reclamation. Concentrations of organic carbon (OC) tended to increase with time (0.9% OC at year 0 increasing to 2.3% at year 14), and were most enriched in near-surface soils. Some soil characteristics (e.g., Na, OC, Ca) demonstrated patterns of increasing similarity to the forest control, while others were distinct from the forest control throughout the chronosequence (e.g., Al, clay, Mn, gravel). Future surveys of these soils over time will elucidate longer-term patterns in soil development, and better characterize the time scales over which these soils might be expected to approximate forest soil conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Sorption Capacity and Remediation Methods)
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14 pages, 1199 KiB  
Article
Sulfate Kinetics and Adsorption Studies on a Zeolite/Polyammonium Cation Composite for Environmental Remediation
by Carmen Pizarro, Mauricio Escudey, Camila Bravo, Manuel Gacitua and Lynda Pavez
Minerals 2021, 11(2), 180; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11020180 - 09 Feb 2021
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2466
Abstract
Sulfide mineral mining produces highly sulfate-contaminated wastewater which needs to be treated before disposal. A composite material was made from natural zeolite (NZ) and Superfloc® SC-581, a polyammonium cationic polymer. The resulting modified zeolite (MZ) demonstrated improved capacity for sulfate abatement from [...] Read more.
Sulfide mineral mining produces highly sulfate-contaminated wastewater which needs to be treated before disposal. A composite material was made from natural zeolite (NZ) and Superfloc® SC-581, a polyammonium cationic polymer. The resulting modified zeolite (MZ) demonstrated improved capacity for sulfate abatement from wastewater compared to NZ. Above pH 4.0, MZ retained positive surface charge while NZ remained negative. The effect of the ionic strength on the adsorption process was evaluated. Sulfate adsorption capacity was assessed and revealed MZ to be superior to NZ in all cases. Adsorption kinetics reached equilibrium after 10–12 h, with MZ adsorption being twice that of NZ; data fitted a pseudo-second order kinetic model. Adsorption isotherms reflected the high capacity of MZ for sulfate adsorption with maximum of 3.1 mg g−1, while NZ only achieved 1.5 mg g−1. The process corresponds to heterogeneous partially reversible adsorption of ionic species over the solid adsorbent. Langmuir–Freundlich parameters revealed that adsorption over MZ corresponds to an interaction eight times stronger than that on NZ. The sulfate adsorption pattern changes with ionic strength. Taken together, the composite formed between natural zeolite and polyammonium represents an adsorbent that maintains the adsorption capacity of zeolite and proves suitable for anionic species removal. Further prospect considers the testing of the composite with other anionic pollutants (arsenate, phosphate, perchlorate, etc.) Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Sorption Capacity and Remediation Methods)
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15 pages, 2376 KiB  
Article
The Kinetics of Manganese Sorption on Ukrainian Tuff and Basalt—Order and Diffusion Models Analysis
by Lidia Reczek, Magdalena M. Michel, Yuliia Trach, Tadeusz Siwiec and Marta Tytkowska-Owerko
Minerals 2020, 10(12), 1065; https://doi.org/10.3390/min10121065 - 28 Nov 2020
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 2530
Abstract
The study aimed to determine the nature of the kinetics of the manganese sorption process on Ukrainian tuff and basalt at different temperatures characteristic of the natural water environment. The scope of the research included manganese sorption kinetic test on natural mineral sorbents [...] Read more.
The study aimed to determine the nature of the kinetics of the manganese sorption process on Ukrainian tuff and basalt at different temperatures characteristic of the natural water environment. The scope of the research included manganese sorption kinetic test on natural mineral sorbents at temperatures of 10, 17.5 and 25 °C in slightly acidic conditions. Sorption (pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order and Elovich models) and diffusion kinetic models (liquid film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion) were used in the analysis of test results. The manganese sorption process on both tuff and basalt proceeded quickly. The dynamic equilibrium state of manganese sorption settled after 35 and 45 min on tuff and basalt respectively. Although the process took place in a slightly acidic environment and below pHPZC of the sorbents, possible electrostatic repulsion did not inhibit the removal of Mn. The Mn sorption on both materials followed the PSO kinetics model. Based on the diffusion kinetic models, it was determined that Mn sorption process on both materials was influenced by diffusion through the boundary layer and intraparticle diffusion. The differences in removal efficiency and rate of Mn sorption in the temperature range of 10–25 °C were not found. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Sorption Capacity and Remediation Methods)
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Review

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20 pages, 335 KiB  
Review
Factors That Determine the Sorption of Mineral Elements in Soils and Their Impact on Soil and Water Pollution
by Gerhardus Petrus Nortjé and Michiel Christiaan Laker
Minerals 2021, 11(8), 821; https://doi.org/10.3390/min11080821 - 28 Jul 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3342
Abstract
Soil is an essential ecosystem, delivering valuable services such as the provision of food, energy and raw materials, carbon sequestration, water purification and infiltration, nutrient regulation, pest control and recreation. Therefore, soil is crucial for fighting climate change, protecting human health, safeguarding biodiversity [...] Read more.
Soil is an essential ecosystem, delivering valuable services such as the provision of food, energy and raw materials, carbon sequestration, water purification and infiltration, nutrient regulation, pest control and recreation. Therefore, soil is crucial for fighting climate change, protecting human health, safeguarding biodiversity and ecosystems and ensuring food security. Pollution of the soil by organic and inorganic substances is, therefore, detrimental to ecosystem services and/or human health. Heavy metals at harmful concentrations are highly detrimental, and here, mining activities are one of the main sources of soil pollution. According to studies conducted, some of the major soil factors affecting mineral (including P) sorption are time, soil pH, soil organic matter and iron and aluminum oxides of soils. This paper looks at sources of mineral element pollution, including heavy metals, as heavy metals are toxic to all living organisms, including humans. This paper also reviews both cationic heavy metals and inorganic anionic pollutants, such as phosphate and arsenic, as well as cationic, non-heavy-metal pollutants such as nitrogen and potassium. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Soil Sorption Capacity and Remediation Methods)
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