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Micromachines
Special Issues
Micro/Nano-Structure Based Optoelectronics and Photonics Devices
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Micro/Nano-Structure Based Optoelectronics and Photonics Devices

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "A：Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 April 2023) | Viewed by 11212

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Lu Zhu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems, School of Microelectronics Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
Interests: optoelectronics; nanofabrication; flexible devices; neuromorphic chips
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Zhengji Xu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and Systems, School of Microelectronics Science and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China
Interests: nanofabrication; flat optics; silicon photonics; plasmonics; sensors and measurements
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Optoelectronics and photonics devices employ well-designed micro/nanoscale structures to intentionally manipulate their electrical and optical properties, which results in the obtainment of desirable performances. Hence, micro/nano-structured optoelectronics and photonics devices have been gaining interest in the scientific community and showcase many commercial potentials, including lighting, imaging, photovoltaics, optical communication, photodetection, and biomedical imaging. For instance, photodetectors incorporated with metal nanorods employ the surface plasmonic effect to delocalize the electric field, which facilitates the carrier dissociation and thus leads to improved responsivity. A metasurface that depicts a layer of subwavelength-scale nanostructures shows the strong capability of tuning light–matter interaction and thus performs versatile functions in photonics and optics. Accordingly, this Special Issue seeks research papers and review papers on the experimental and modeling advancements in micro/nano-structured optoelectronics and photonics devices, including LEDs, solar cells, photodetectors, metasurfaces, waveguides, lasers, and flat optics devices. Areas of interest include, but are not limited to, nanomaterials, micro/nanostructures, nanofabrication, micro/nanodevices and applications, and simulation.

We look forward to receiving your submissions.

Dr. Lu Zhu
Dr. Zhengji Xu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nanomaterials
  • micro/nanostructures
  • nanofabrication
  • optoelectronics
  • photonics

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review

2 pages, 182 KiB  
Editorial
Editorial for the Special Issue on Micro/Nano-Structure Based Optoelectronics and Photonics Devices
by Zhiyong Wu, Lu Zhu and Zhengji Xu
Micromachines 2023, 14(10), 1867; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14101867 - 29 Sep 2023
Viewed by 614
Abstract
In the ever-evolving fields of optoelectronics and photonics, the introduction of carefully designed micro-/nanostructures enables personalized customization of the electrical and optical properties of optoelectronic and photonic devices [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro/Nano-Structure Based Optoelectronics and Photonics Devices)

Research

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24 pages, 9902 KiB  
Article
Next-Generation Reconfigurable Nanoantennas and Polarization of Light
by Tannaz Farrahi and George K. Giakos
Micromachines 2023, 14(6), 1132; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14061132 - 28 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1394
Abstract
This study is aimed at the design, calibration, and development of a near-infrared (NIR) liquid crystal multifunctional automated optical polarimeter, which is aimed at the study and characterization of the polarimetric properties of polymer optical nanofilms. The characterization of these novel nanophotonic structures [...] Read more.
This study is aimed at the design, calibration, and development of a near-infrared (NIR) liquid crystal multifunctional automated optical polarimeter, which is aimed at the study and characterization of the polarimetric properties of polymer optical nanofilms. The characterization of these novel nanophotonic structures has been achieved, in terms of Mueller matrix and Stokes parameter analyses. The nanophotonic structures of this study consisted of (a) a matrix consisting of two different polymer domains, namely polybutadiene (PB) and polystyrene (PS), functionalized with gold nanoparticles; (b) cast and annealed Poly (styrene-b-methyl methacrylate) (PS-PMMA) diblock copolymers; (c) a matrix of a block copolymer (BCP) domain, PS-b-PMMA or Poly (styrene-block-methy methacrylate), functionalized with gold nanoparticles; and (d) different thicknesses of PS-b-P2VP diblock copolymer functionalized with gold nanoparticles. In all cases, backscattered infrared light was studied and related to the polarization figures-of-merit (FOM). The outcome of this study indicates that functionalized polymer nanomaterials, depending upon their structure and composition, exhibit promising optical characteristics, modulating and manipulating the polarimetric properties of light. The fabrication of technologically useful, tunable, conjugated polymer blends with an optimized refractive index, shape, size, spatial orientation, and arrangement would lead to the development of new nanoantennas and metasurfaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro/Nano-Structure Based Optoelectronics and Photonics Devices)
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16 pages, 4130 KiB  
Article
Enhanced Modulation Bandwidth by Delayed Push–Pull Modulated DFB Lasers
by Jiewen Chi, Xun Li, Chuanning Niu and Jia Zhao
Micromachines 2023, 14(3), 633; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14030633 - 10 Mar 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1744
Abstract
The bandwidth of a distributed feedback (DFB) directly modulated laser (DML) is limited by its carrier–photon resonance (CPR) frequency. A viable approach to break the bottleneck is to introduce a photon–photon resonance (PPR), since the PPR can happen at a much higher frequency [...] Read more.
The bandwidth of a distributed feedback (DFB) directly modulated laser (DML) is limited by its carrier–photon resonance (CPR) frequency. A viable approach to break the bottleneck is to introduce a photon–photon resonance (PPR), since the PPR can happen at a much higher frequency than the CPR. Among the many structures that can possibly generate the PPR, the dual-sectional push–pull modulated (PPM) DFB is of particular interest for its fabrication cost-effectiveness as no regrowth is required. The PPR in the PPM DFB, however, usually shows a rapid roll-off on both edges, which brings in an indentation on the lower frequency side of the PPR peak and, consequently, cuts off the bandwidth. To compensate for this dip, we introduce a detuned PPR and restart the CPR response by exploiting a time delay between the differential signals applied to the PPM DFB. Our simulation result shows that the broadened PPR peak and the restarted CPR response indeed mitigate the dip and effectively expand the PPM-DFB’s bandwidth to approximately 50 GHz, a value double that of the conventional (single-sectional) DFB DML. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro/Nano-Structure Based Optoelectronics and Photonics Devices)
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9 pages, 2975 KiB  
Article
Design, Fabrication and Measurement of Full-Color Reflective Electrowetting Displays
by Guisong Yang, Benyou Wang, Zhiqiang Chang, Qing Liu and Linwei Liu
Micromachines 2022, 13(11), 2034; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13112034 - 21 Nov 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1372
Abstract
We designed, fabricated and measured full-color, reflective electrowetting displays (EWDs). The display system is composed of three-layer cyan, magenta and yellow EWD elements fabricated with standard photolithographic techniques. The EWDs were driven successfully by the proposed control system and the measurement results show [...] Read more.
We designed, fabricated and measured full-color, reflective electrowetting displays (EWDs). The display system is composed of three-layer cyan, magenta and yellow EWD elements fabricated with standard photolithographic techniques. The EWDs were driven successfully by the proposed control system and the measurement results show that the electro-optical performance was improved. The aperture ratio of the EWD element can be tuned from 0 to ∼80% as the applied voltage is changed from 0 to 30 V. The response time and the color gamut were measured to be ∼18 ms and ∼58% NTSC, respectively. This paper makes it possible for large numbers of reflective full-color EWDs to be fabricated directly, with advantages of saving power significantly by 85% and no eye irritation compared with LED displays. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro/Nano-Structure Based Optoelectronics and Photonics Devices)
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14 pages, 6781 KiB  
Article
Micro Light Flow Controller on a Programmable Waveguide Engine
by Tao Chen, Zhangqi Dang, Zeyu Deng, Zhenming Ding and Ziyang Zhang
Micromachines 2022, 13(11), 1990; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13111990 - 16 Nov 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1412
Abstract
A light flow controller that can regulate the three-port optical power in both lossless and lossy modus is realized on a programmable multimode waveguide engine. The microheaters on the waveguide chip mimic the tunable “pixels” that can continuously adjust the local refractive index. [...] Read more.
A light flow controller that can regulate the three-port optical power in both lossless and lossy modus is realized on a programmable multimode waveguide engine. The microheaters on the waveguide chip mimic the tunable “pixels” that can continuously adjust the local refractive index. Compared to the conventional method where the tuning takes place only on single-mode waveguides, the proposed structure is more compact and requires less electrodes. The local index changes in a multimode waveguide can alter the mode numbers, field distribution, and propagation constants of each individual mode, all of which can alter the multimode interference pattern significantly. However, these changes are mostly complex and not governed by analytical equations as in the single-mode case. Though numerical simulations can be performed to predict the device response, the thermal and electromagnetic computing involved is mostly time-consuming. Here, a multi-level search program is developed based on experiments only. It can reach a target output in real time by adjusting the microheaters collectively and iteratively. It can also jump over local optima and further improve the cost function on a global level. With only a simple waveguide structure and four microheaters, light can be routed freely into any of the three output ports with arbitrary power ratios, with and without extra attenuation. This work may trigger new ideas in developing compact and efficient photonic integrated devices for applications in optical communication and computing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro/Nano-Structure Based Optoelectronics and Photonics Devices)
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10 pages, 3136 KiB  
Article
A DSSC Electrolyte Preparation Method Considering Light Path and Light Absorption
by Jianjun Yang, Jiaxuan Liu, Yaxin Li, Xiaobao Yu, Zichuan Yi, Zhi Zhang, Feng Chi and Liming Liu
Micromachines 2022, 13(11), 1930; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi13111930 - 09 Nov 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1938
Abstract
The electrolyte is one of the key components of dye-sensitized solar cells’ (DSSC) structure. In this paper, the electrolyte formulation of a new DSSC with external photoanode structure was studied. Based on the idea that the electrolyte should match the light absorption and [...] Read more.
The electrolyte is one of the key components of dye-sensitized solar cells’ (DSSC) structure. In this paper, the electrolyte formulation of a new DSSC with external photoanode structure was studied. Based on the idea that the electrolyte should match the light absorption and light path, iodine series electrolytes with different concentrations were configured and used in the experiment. The results showed that the external photoanode structure solar cells assembled with titanium electrode had the best photoelectric conversion ability when the concentration of I2 was 0.048 M. It achieved the open circuit voltage of 0.71 V, the short circuit current of 8.87 mA, and the filling factor of 57%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro/Nano-Structure Based Optoelectronics and Photonics Devices)
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Review

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19 pages, 9461 KiB  
Review
Electrically Tunable Lenses for Imaging and Light Manipulation
by Lijun Chen, Shijie Liang, Zhenshi Chen, Xifa Liang and Qingming Chen
Micromachines 2023, 14(2), 319; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14020319 - 26 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1888
Abstract
Optofluidics seamlessly combines optics and microfluidics together to construct novel devices for microsystems, providing flexible reconfigurability and high compatibility. By taking advantage of mature electronic fabrication techniques and flexible regulation of microfluidics, electrically actuated optofluidics has achieved fantastic optical functions. Generally, the optical [...] Read more.
Optofluidics seamlessly combines optics and microfluidics together to construct novel devices for microsystems, providing flexible reconfigurability and high compatibility. By taking advantage of mature electronic fabrication techniques and flexible regulation of microfluidics, electrically actuated optofluidics has achieved fantastic optical functions. Generally, the optical function is achieved by electrically modulating the interfaces or movements of microdroplets inside a small chamber. The high refractive index difference (~0.5) at the interfaces between liquid/air or liquid/liquid makes unprecedented optical tunability a reality. They are suitable for optical imaging devices, such as microscope and portable electronic. This paper will review the working principle and recent development of electrical optofluidic devices by electrowetting and dielectrophoresis, including optical lens/microscope, beam steering and in-plane light manipulation. Some methods to improve the lens performance are reviewed. In addition, the applications of electrical microfluidics are also discussed. In order to stimulate the development of electrically controlled liquid lens, two novel designs derived from electrowetting and dielectrophoresis are introduced in this paper. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Micro/Nano-Structure Based Optoelectronics and Photonics Devices)
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