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Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems, 2nd Edition

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A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "D：Materials and Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 9177

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Dr. Tianyu Yan

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ASML US, 17075 Thornmint Court, San Jose, CA 92127, USA
Interests: interfacial phenomenon; wetting, superhydrophobicity; applied nanotechnology; molecular dynamics; crystallization
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Kieu The Loan Trinh

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Bionano Applications Research Center, Gachon University, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea
Interests: lab-on-a-chip; system integration; nucleic acid detection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Dear Colleagues,

Advances in nanotechnology facilitate the development of nanomaterials capable of achieving enhanced properties, such as higher transparency, flexibility, conductivity and environmental friendliness. Furthermore, it increases the power of electronic devices, improves the density of memory chips, and helps to reduce power consumption and the size of transistors used in integrated circuits, leading to the development of faster, lighter, and more portable systems that can store and transfer higher volumes of information. In the area of energy scavenging, various nanoscience-based solutions are being adapted to convert waste heat from computers, automobiles, homes, power plants, etc., into usable energy. Computer-based methods have been powerful tools for facing the challenges in developing next-generation nanotechnology, providing insights into the complex mechanisms of molecular dynamics at a micro or nano scale, and valuable directions for future experiments.

Accordingly, this Special Issue seeks to showcase research papers, short communications, and review articles that focus on the following areas:

Processes and systems for advanced nanomaterials synthesis and device manufacturing;
Applications of nanomaterials in electronics and information technologies, medical and healthcare, energy storage and conversion;
Theory, modeling, simulation and data analysis/visualization tools to understand the fundamentals of nanomaterials and nanotechnology.

We look forward to receiving your submissions

Dr. Tianyu Yan
Dr. Kieu The Loan Trinh
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Dr. Tianyu Yan
Dr. Kieu The Loan Trinh
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Keywords

nanomaterials
microelectromechanical systems
applied nanotechnologies
microfabrication
electronic devices
materials informatics

Related Special Issue

Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems in Micromachines (11 articles)

Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 3032 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preparation and Investigation of a Nanosized Piroxicam Containing Orodispersible Lyophilizate

by Petra Party, Sándor Soma Sümegi and Rita Ambrus

Micromachines 2024, 15(4), 532; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15040532 - 15 Apr 2024

Viewed by 434

Abstract

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory piroxicam (PRX) is a poorly water-soluble drug that provides relief in different arthritides. Reducing the particle size of PRX increases its bioavailability. For pediatric, geriatric, and dysphagic patients, oral dispersible systems ease administration. Moreover, fast disintegration followed by drug release and absorption through the oral mucosa can induce rapid systemic effects. We aimed to produce an orodispersible lyophilizate (OL) consisting of nanosized PRX. PRX was solved in ethyl acetate and then sonicated into a poloxamer-188 solution to perform spray-ultrasound-assisted solvent diffusion-based nanoprecipitation. The solid form was formulated via freeze drying in blister sockets. Mannitol and sodium alginate were applied as excipients. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) were used to determine the particle size. The morphology was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To establish the crystallinity, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used. A disintegration and in vitro dissolution test were performed. DLS and NTA presented a nanosized PRX diameter. The SEM pictures showed a porous structure. PRX became amorphous according to the XRPD and DSC curves. The disintegration time was less than 1 min and the dissolution profile improved. The final product was an innovative anti-inflammatory drug delivery system. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems, 2nd Edition)

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17 pages, 5675 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Aptasensor Integrated with Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial for Selective and Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Ketamine Drug

by Shariq Suleman, Nigar Anzar, Shikha Patil, Shadan, Suhel Parvez, Manika Khanuja, Roberto Pilloton and Jagriti Narang

Micromachines 2024, 15(3), 312; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15030312 - 24 Feb 2024

Viewed by 901

Abstract

Ketamine is one of the most commonly abused drugs globally, posing a severe risk to social stability and human health, not only it is being used for recreational purposes, but this tasteless, odourless, and colourless drug also facilitates sexual assaults when it is mixed with drinks. Ketamine abuse is a threat for safety, and this misuse is one of the main uses of the drug. The crucial role of ketamine detection is evident in its contributions to forensic investigations, law enforcement, drug control, workplace integrity, and public health. Electrochemical sensors have gained considerable interest among researchers due to their various advantages, such as low cost and specificity, and particularly screen-printed paper-based electrode (SPBE) biosensors have gained attention. Here, we reported an ePAD (electrochemical paper-based analytical device) for detecting the recreational drug ketamine. The advantages of using a paper-based electrode are that it reduces the electrode’s production costs and is disposable and environmentally friendly. At the same time, nanographite sheets (NGSs) assisted in amplifying the signals generated in the cyclic voltammetry system when ketamine was present. This ePAD was developed by immobilizing a ketamine aptamer on NGS electrodes. The characterization of proper synthesized NGSs was performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), XRD (X-ray Diffraction), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Electrochemical techniques, including cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), were employed to validate the results and confirm each attachment. Furthermore, the versatility of the proposed sensor was explored in both alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. The developed sensor showed a low LOD of about 0.01 μg/mL, and the linear range was between 0.01 and 5 μg/mL. This approach offers a valid diagnostic technique for onsite service with minimal resources. This cost effective and portable platform offers desirable characteristics like sensitivity and selectivity and can also be used for POC (point of care) testing to help in the quick identification of suspicious samples and for testing at trafficking sites, amusement parks, and by the side of the road. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems, 2nd Edition)

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15 pages, 4244 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Compressive Behavior of Some Balls Manufactured by 3D Printing from Ceramic–Polymer Composite Materials

by Adelina Hrițuc, Vasile Ermolai, Andrei Marius Mihalache, Liviu Andrușcă, Oana Dodun, Gheorghe Nagîț, Marius Andrei Boca and Laurențiu Slătineanu

Micromachines 2024, 15(1), 150; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15010150 - 19 Jan 2024

Viewed by 702

Abstract

It is known that ceramic–polymer composite materials can be used to manufacture spherical bodies in the category of balls. Since balls are frequently subjected to compression loads, the paper presents some research results on the compression behavior of balls made of ceramic composite materials with a polymer matrix. The mathematical model of the pressure variation inside the balls highlights the existence of maximum values in the areas of contact with other parts. Experimental research was carried out on balls with a diameter of 20 mm, manufactured by 3D printing from four ceramic–polymer composite materials with a polymer matrix: pottery clay, terracotta, concrete, and granite. The same ceramic–polymer composite material was used, but different dyes were added to it. A gravimetric analysis revealed similar behavior of the four materials upon controlled heating. Through the mathematical processing of the experimental results obtained by compression tests, empirical mathematical models of the power-type function type were determined. These models highlight the influence exerted by different factors on the force at which the initiation of cracks in the ball materials occurs. The decisive influence of the infill factor on the size of the force at which the cracking of the balls begins was found. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems, 2nd Edition)

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14 pages, 4226 KiB

Open AccessArticle

New Insights into Improving the Photovoltaic Performance of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells by Removing Platinum from the Counter Electrode Using a Graphene-MoS₂ Composite or Hybrid

by Mozhgan Hosseinnezhad, Mehdi Ghahari, Ghazal Mobarhan, Mohsen Fathi, Arvydas Palevicius, Venkatramaiah Nutalapati, Giedrius Janusas and Sohrab Nasiri

Micromachines 2023, 14(12), 2161; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14122161 - 26 Nov 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 970

Abstract

Photovoltaic systems, such as dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), are one of the useful tools for generating renewable and green energy. To develop this technology, obstacles such as cost and the use of expensive compounds must be overcome. Here, we employed a new MoS₂/graphene hybrid or composite instead of platinum in the DSSCs. Furthermore, the correctness of the preparation of the MoS₂/graphene hybrid or composite was evaluated by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), and the results showed that the desired compound was synthesized correctly. Inexpensive organic dyes were used to prepare the DSSCs, and their chemical structure was investigated by density functional theory (DFT) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). Finally, the DSSCs were fabricated using MoS₂/graphene composite or hybrid, and to compare the results, the DSSCs were also prepared using platinum. Under the same conditions, the DSSCs with MoS₂/graphene composite illustrated better efficiency than MoS₂/graphene hybrid or/and graphene. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems, 2nd Edition)

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17 pages, 5395 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Electric Field Effects on Curved Graphene Quantum Dots

by Sergio de-la-Huerta-Sainz, Angel Ballesteros and Nicolás A. Cordero

Micromachines 2023, 14(11), 2035; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112035 - 31 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1014

Abstract

The recent and continuous research on graphene-based systems has opened their usage to a wide range of applications due to their exotic properties. In this paper, we have studied the effects of an electric field on curved graphene nanoflakes, employing the Density Functional Theory. Both mechanical and electronic analyses of the system have been made through its curvature energy, dipolar moment, and quantum regeneration times, with the intensity and direction of a perpendicular electric field and flake curvature as parameters. A stabilisation of non-planar geometries has been observed, as well as opposite behaviours for both classical and revival times with respect to the direction of the external field. Our results show that it is possible to modify regeneration times using curvature and electric fields at the same time. This fine control in regeneration times could allow for the study of new phenomena on graphene. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems, 2nd Edition)

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11 pages, 4224 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Facile Synthesis of Microsphere-like Co_0.85Se Structures on Nickel Foam for a Highly Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

by John Anthuvan Rajesh, Jae-Young Kim, Soon-Hyung Kang and Kwang-Soon Ahn

Micromachines 2023, 14(10), 1905; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14101905 - 05 Oct 2023

Viewed by 795

Abstract

Microsphere-shaped cobalt selenide (Co_0.85Se) structures were efficiently synthesized via a two-step hydrothermal process. Initially, cobalt hydroxide fluoride (Co(OH)F) microcrystals were prepared using a hydrothermal method. Subsequently, Co_0.85Se microsphere-like structures were obtained through selenization. Compared to Co(OH)F, the microsphere-like Co_0.85Se structure exhibited outstanding catalytic activity for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in a 1.0 M KOH solution. Electrocatalytic experiments demonstrated an exceptional HER performance by the Co_0.85Se microspheres, characterized by a low overpotential of 148 mV and a Tafel slope of 55.7 mV dec⁻¹. Furthermore, the Co_0.85Se electrocatalyst displayed remarkable long-term stability, maintaining its activity for over 24 h. This remarkable performance is attributed to the excellent electrical conductivity of selenides and the highly electroactive sites present in the Co_0.85Se structure compared to Co(OH)F, emphasizing its promise for advanced electrocatalytic applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems, 2nd Edition)

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11 pages, 3986 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Electronic Structure and Transport Properties of Bi₂Te₃ and Bi₂Se₃ Single Crystals

by Vyacheslav V. Marchenkov, Alexey V. Lukoyanov, Semyon T. Baidak, Alexandra N. Perevalova, Bogdan M. Fominykh, Sergey V. Naumov and Elena B. Marchenkova

Micromachines 2023, 14(10), 1888; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14101888 - 30 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1251

Abstract

The electrical resistivity and the Hall effect of topological insulator Bi₂Te₃ and Bi₂Se₃ single crystals were studied in the temperature range from 4.2 to 300 K and in magnetic fields up to 10 T. Theoretical calculations of the electronic structure of these compounds were carried out in density functional approach, taking into account spin–orbit coupling and crystal structure data for temperatures of 5, 50 and 300 K. A clear correlation was found between the density of electronic states at the Fermi level and the current carrier concentration. In the case of Bi₂Te₃, the density of states at the Fermi level and the current carrier concentration increase with increasing temperature, from 0.296 states eV⁻¹ cell⁻¹ (5 K) to 0.307 states eV⁻¹ cell⁻¹ (300 K) and from 0.9 × 10¹⁹ cm⁻³ (5 K) to 2.6 × 10¹⁹ cm⁻³ (300 K), respectively. On the contrary, in the case of Bi₂Se₃, the density of states decreases with increasing temperature, from 0.201 states eV⁻¹ cell⁻¹ (5 K) to 0.198 states eV⁻¹ cell⁻¹ (300 K), and, as a consequence, the charge carrier concentration also decreases from 2.94 × 10¹⁹ cm⁻³ (5 K) to 2.81 × 10¹⁹ cm⁻³ (300 K). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems, 2nd Edition)

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Review

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34 pages, 15412 KiB

Open AccessReview

Progress in Electronic, Energy, Biomedical and Environmental Applications of Boron Nitride and MoS₂ Nanostructures

by Join Uddin, Raksha Dubey, Vinaayak Sivam Balasubramaniam, Jeff Kabel, Vedika Khare, Zohreh Salimi, Sambhawana Sharma, Dongyan Zhang and Yoke Khin Yap

Micromachines 2024, 15(3), 349; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15030349 - 29 Feb 2024

Viewed by 1126

Abstract

In this review, we examine recent progress using boron nitride (BN) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) nanostructures for electronic, energy, biomedical, and environmental applications. The scope of coverage includes zero-, one-, and two-dimensional nanostructures such as BN nanosheets, BN nanotubes, BN quantum dots, MoS₂ nanosheets, and MoS₂ quantum dots. These materials have sizable bandgaps, differentiating them from other metallic nanostructures or small-bandgap materials. We observed two interesting trends: (1) an increase in applications that use heterogeneous materials by combining BN and MoS₂ nanostructures with other nanomaterials, and (2) strong research interest in environmental applications. Last, we encourage researchers to study how to remove nanomaterials from air, soil, and water contaminated with nanomaterials. As nanotechnology proceeds into various applications, environmental contamination is inevitable and must be addressed. Otherwise, nanomaterials will go into our food chain much like microplastics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems, 2nd Edition)

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37 pages, 9032 KiB

Open AccessReview

Structural Control of Nanofibers According to Electrospinning Process Conditions and Their Applications

by Trong Danh Nguyen, Sojeong Roh, My Thi Ngoc Nguyen and Jun Seop Lee

Micromachines 2023, 14(11), 2022; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112022 - 30 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1391

Abstract

Nanofibers have gained much attention because of the large surface area they can provide. Thus, many fabrication methods that produce nanofiber materials have been proposed. Electrospinning is a spinning technique that can use an electric field to continuously and uniformly generate polymer and composite nanofibers. The structure of the electrospinning system can be modified, thus making changes to the structure, and also the alignment of nanofibers. Moreover, the nanofibers can also be treated, modifying the nanofiber structure. This paper thoroughly reviews the efforts to change the configuration of the electrospinning system and the effects of these configurations on the nanofibers. Excellent works in different fields of application that use electrospun nanofibers are also introduced. The studied materials functioned effectively in their application, thereby proving the potential for the future development of electrospinning nanofiber materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Nanomaterials and Applied Nanotechnologies: Devices, Processes and Systems, 2nd Edition)

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