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Micromachines
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Advances in Manufacturing, Characterization and Applications of Functional Micro/Nano Structured...
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Advances in Manufacturing, Characterization and Applications of Functional Micro/Nano Structured Surfaces

A special issue of Micromachines (ISSN 2072-666X). This special issue belongs to the section "D：Materials and Processing".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 5808

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Honggang Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
Interests: precision micro/nano mould fabrication technologies; nanoimprinting technology; advanced applications of functional micro/nano structured surfaces; atomic and close to atomic-scale manufacturing
Dr. Nan Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
Interests: polymer micro/nano manufacturing; advanced manufacturing of precision micro/nano moulds; atomic and close-to-atomic scale manufacturing; microfluidics and functional surfaces; diagnostics and genetic drug synthesis
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Wei Hang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
Interests: precision and ultra-precision technologies; nano-scale indentation and scratch technology; deep learning
Dr. Ruslan Melentiev

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Mechanics of Composites for Energy and Mobility, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
Interests: micro-nano texturing methods; surface and coating technologies; adhesion; friction; abrasion; erosion and wear

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to invite you to publish your original research findings in this Special Issue entitled “Advances in Manufacturing, Characterization and Applications of Functional Micro/Nano Structured Surfaces”.

In the past few decades, micro-/nanoscience and technologies have advanced tremendously, expanding from the fields of space, aerospace, medical devices, optoelectronics and life science. Among these, functional micro-/nanostructured surfaces are gaining increasing attention due to their unique, excellent physicochemical properties in practical applications. The functionalities of manufactured surfaces are greatly determined by the chemical characteristics and geometrical features of micro-/nanostructured surfaces. A series of micro-/nanomanufacturing and characterization technologies and methods have made possible the fabrication of novel tools and products with special surface structures at the micro-/nanoscale, which create new and better applications, for instance in super-hydrophilic/hydrophobic, anti-bacterial, anti-fouling, self-cleaning, anti-reflection, directional adhesion surfaces, etc. In particular, bioinspired micro-/nanostructured surfaces have generated a broad spectrum of research concentrating on impersonating the surface structures of natural things and on functional behaviours.

This Special Issue aims to seek recent advances in novel and state-of-the-art research and development within the field of advanced manufacturing and characterization technologies of functional micro-/nanostructured surfaces, as well as their applications. In addition, multidisciplinary (physiochemical, micro-/nano- and biomedicine) manufacturing technologies and characterization methods are welcome across all types of papers, such as original research papers and review articles.

We look forward to receiving your contributions to the Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Honggang Zhang
Dr. Nan Zhang
Dr. Wei Hang
Dr. Ruslan Melentiev
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Micromachines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • functional micro-/nanostructured surfaces
  • manufacturing
  • characterization
  • application
  • bioinspired surfaces

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 7379 KiB  
Article
Machine Learning Classification of Self-Organized Surface Structures in Ultrashort-Pulse Laser Processing Based on Light Microscopic Images
by Robert Thomas, Erik Westphal, Georg Schnell and Hermann Seitz
Micromachines 2024, 15(4), 491; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi15040491 - 02 Apr 2024
Viewed by 602
Abstract
In ultrashort-pulsed laser processing, surface modification is subject to complex laser and scanning parameter studies. In addition, quality assurance systems for monitoring surface modification are still lacking. Automated laser processing routines featuring machine learning (ML) can help overcome these limitations, but they are [...] Read more.
In ultrashort-pulsed laser processing, surface modification is subject to complex laser and scanning parameter studies. In addition, quality assurance systems for monitoring surface modification are still lacking. Automated laser processing routines featuring machine learning (ML) can help overcome these limitations, but they are largely absent in the literature and still lack practical applications. This paper presents a new methodology for machine learning classification of self-organized surface structures based on light microscopic images. For this purpose, three application-relevant types of self-organized surface structures are fabricated using a 300 fs laser system on hot working tool steel and stainless-steel substrates. Optical images of the hot working tool steel substrates were used to learn a classification algorithm based on the open-source tool Teachable Machine from Google. The trained classification algorithm achieved very high accuracy in distinguishing the surface types for the hot working steel substrate learned on, as well as for surface structures on the stainless-steel substrate. In addition, the algorithm also achieved very high accuracy in classifying the images of a specific structure class captured at different optical magnifications. Thus, the methodology proposed represents a simple and robust automated classification of surface structures that can be used as a basis for further development of quality assurance systems, automated process parameter recommendation, and inline laser parameter control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Manufacturing, Characterization and Applications of Functional Micro/Nano Structured Surfaces)
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13 pages, 8718 KiB  
Article
Electrophoretic Deposition of Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotube Coatings on CoCrMo Alloy for Biomedical Applications
by Bożena Łosiewicz, Patrycja Osak and Karolina Górka-Kulikowska
Micromachines 2023, 14(11), 2122; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14112122 - 18 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1170
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes are a promising material for use in innovative biomedical solutions due to their unique chemical, mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties. This work provides a method for the development of ultrasonically assisted electrophoretic deposition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on a CoCrMo dental [...] Read more.
Carbon nanotubes are a promising material for use in innovative biomedical solutions due to their unique chemical, mechanical, electrical, and magnetic properties. This work provides a method for the development of ultrasonically assisted electrophoretic deposition of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on a CoCrMo dental alloy. Functionalization of multi-walled carbon nanotubes was carried out by chemical oxidation in a mixture of nitric and sulfuric acids. The modified and unmodified multi-walled carbon nanotubes were anaphoretically deposited on the CoCrMo alloy in an aqueous solution. Chemical composition was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Surface morphology was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The mechanism and kinetics of the electrochemical corrosion of the obtained coatings in artificial saliva at 37 °C were determined using the open-circuit potential method, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and anodic polarization curves. The capacitive behavior and high corrosion resistance of the tested electrodes were revealed. It was found that the kinetics of electrochemical corrosion of the CoCrMo electrode significantly decreased in the presence of the functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube coating. Electrophoretic deposition was shown to be an effective, low-cost, and fast method of producing nanotubes with controlled thickness, homogeneity, and packing density. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Manufacturing, Characterization and Applications of Functional Micro/Nano Structured Surfaces)
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13 pages, 7528 KiB  
Article
Research on Chemical Mechanical Polishing Technology for Zirconium-Based Amorphous Alloys
by Wei Hang, Chao Song, Ziliang Yin, Ye Liu, Qifan Wang, Yinggang Wang, Yi Ma and Qiaoshi Zeng
Micromachines 2023, 14(3), 584; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14030584 - 28 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1365
Abstract
Crystallization often occurs in the processing of amorphous alloys, causing the materials lose their excellent properties. The study adopts chemical mechanical polishing of amorphous alloys, presenting the effect of the rotational speed of the polishing turntable, size of abrasive, polishing pressure, and oxidant [...] Read more.
Crystallization often occurs in the processing of amorphous alloys, causing the materials lose their excellent properties. The study adopts chemical mechanical polishing of amorphous alloys, presenting the effect of the rotational speed of the polishing turntable, size of abrasive, polishing pressure, and oxidant concentration. The Taguchi method is used to find the best processing parameters, and AFM is used to characterize the machined material surface. At the same time, XPS is used to detect the change of oxide film composition with the addition of oxidant. The results indicate the optimum process parameters: rotational speed of the polishing turntable is 75 r/min, polishing pressure is 28.3 kPa, the size of abrasive is 0.5 μm, and the size of abrasive is a significant factor affecting surface roughness Sa. In addition, as the size of abrasive increases, the material removal rate increases while the surface roughness Sa increases. At pH 10, with an abrasive particle size of 0.5 μm, as the H2O2 concentration increases, the MRR first rapidly decreases at 0.21 wt.% H2O2, and then gradually increases, while the Sa decreases. Furthermore, with the addition of oxidant, the main composition of the surface oxide film changes from oxide to hydroxide, and the contents of Zr4+ and Cu0/Cu1+ elements increase. The findings can provide a feasible chemical mechanical polishing process for zirconium-based amorphous alloys to obtain a satisfactory polishing effect. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Manufacturing, Characterization and Applications of Functional Micro/Nano Structured Surfaces)
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11 pages, 3466 KiB  
Article
CMP Pad Conditioning Using the High-Pressure Micro-Jet Method
by Xin Li, Yinggang Wang, Hongyu Chen, Wenhong Zhao, Qianfa Deng, Tengfei Yin, Suet To, Zhe Sun, Xi Shen, Wei Hang and Julong Yuan
Micromachines 2023, 14(1), 200; https://doi.org/10.3390/mi14010200 - 13 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1877
Abstract
In this study, in order to improve and restore the performance of the polishing pads and reduce the cost of chemical mechanical polishing, three types of material polishing pads, namely, polyurethane, damping cloth, and non-woven fabric, were selected for the experiment. Accordingly, each [...] Read more.
In this study, in order to improve and restore the performance of the polishing pads and reduce the cost of chemical mechanical polishing, three types of material polishing pads, namely, polyurethane, damping cloth, and non-woven fabric, were selected for the experiment. Accordingly, each polishing pad was set up with diamond conditioner and high-pressure micro-jet (HPMJ) conditioning control experiments. Subsequently, the fluctuation ranges of the material removal rate on the three polishing pads were 2.73–3.75 μm/h, 1.38–1.99 μm/h, and 2.36–4.32 μm/h, respectively under the HPMJ conditioning method, while the fluctuation ranges of the material removal rate on the three polishing pads were 1.80–4.14 μm/h, 1.02–2.09 μm/h, and 1.78–5.88 μm/h under the diamond conditioning method. Comparing the polishing pad morphologies under SEM, we observed that the surface of the polishing pad after HPMJ conditioning was relatively clean, and the hole structure was not blocked. Contrastingly, there remained numerous abrasive particles on the surface after the conventional diamond conditioning and the hole structure was blocked. Thus, the HPMJ conditioning technology is better than the traditional diamond conditioning technology. Subsequently, the polishing pad after HPMJ conditioning has a longer service life and a more stable material removal rate than that after traditional diamond conditioning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Manufacturing, Characterization and Applications of Functional Micro/Nano Structured Surfaces)
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