Advanced Research in Mathematical Physics Models with Painlevé Property and Affine Weyl Group Symmetry

A special issue of Mathematics (ISSN 2227-7390). This special issue belongs to the section "Mathematical Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 1155

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 W. Taylor St., Chicago, IL 60607-7059, USA
Interests: theoretical particle physics; mathematical physics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce a call for papers for a Special Issue dedicated to advanced research in mathematical physics models with the Painlevé property and affine Weyl group symmetry. Infinite-dimensional Lie algebras play a key role in many developments in integrable models that give rise to Painlevé equations in their self-similarity limits. These equations are invariant under symmetry groups of the Bäcklund transformations that form the affine Weyl groups. This connection relates the Painlevé property to the concept of integrability for non-linear differential equations.

This Special Issue seeks to exploit a link between infinite-dimensional Lie algebras and integrable systems and affine Weyl groups and Painlevé equations to form a unifying perspective that binds together a wide array of the latest developments on a wide variety of topics that include, but are not limited to:

  • A remarkable connection between Painlevé equations and a wide range of problems of mathematical physics, random matrix theory, etc., where Painlevé equations find active applications.
  • Novel descriptions of solutions of Painlevé equations, including rational solutions, the classical special functions such as hypergeometric-type solutions, transcendental functions and Umemura polynomials aided by various algebraic and group theoretical methods and techniques.
  • Discrete Painlevé equations and their relations to the symmetry structure of Painlevé equations and orthogonal polynomials.
  • Studies of the symmetry structure of Painlevé equations and their generalizations in terms of root systems associated with affine Weyl groups and their applications to solutions, including study of zeros and poles of rational solutions.
  • Origins of Painlevé equations as self-similarity limits of integrable models as studied by Lax, Hamiltonian and zero curvature approaches. Connection to various integrable models, e.g., Calogero–Moser models, Toda models, Volterra models and dressing chain equations.

We invite original research articles, review articles and short communications that address the above topics or related areas. All manuscripts will be subject to a rigorous peer review process, and accepted papers will be published in this Special Issue of the journal. We welcome submissions from researchers in mathematics, physics and related fields who are active in the study of integrable models and Painlevé equations in mathematical physics settings and interested in advances achieved through applications of symmetry considerations.

We look forward to your participation and contributions to this Special Issue. 

Prof. Dr. Henrik Aratyn
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • mathematical Physics
  • integrable models
  • Painlevé equations
  • applications of symmetry

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 278 KiB  
Article
Polynomial Tau-Functions of the n-th Sawada–Kotera Hierarchy
by Victor Kac and Johan van de Leur
Mathematics 2024, 12(5), 681; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12050681 - 26 Feb 2024
Viewed by 452
Abstract
We give a review of the B-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (BKP) hierarchy and find all polynomial tau-functions of the n-th reduced BKP hierarchy (=n-th Sawada–Kotera hierarchy). The name comes from the fact that, for n=3, the simplest equation of [...] Read more.
We give a review of the B-type Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (BKP) hierarchy and find all polynomial tau-functions of the n-th reduced BKP hierarchy (=n-th Sawada–Kotera hierarchy). The name comes from the fact that, for n=3, the simplest equation of the hierarchy is the famous Sawada–Kotera equation. Full article
21 pages, 1097 KiB  
Article
Classification of Real Solutions of the Fourth Painlevé Equation
by Jeremy Schiff and Michael Twiton
Mathematics 2024, 12(3), 463; https://doi.org/10.3390/math12030463 - 31 Jan 2024
Viewed by 450
Abstract
Painlevé transcendents are usually considered as complex functions of a complex variable, but, in applications, it is often the real cases that are of interest. We propose a classification of the real solutions of Painlevé IV (or, more precisely, symmetric Painlevé IV) using [...] Read more.
Painlevé transcendents are usually considered as complex functions of a complex variable, but, in applications, it is often the real cases that are of interest. We propose a classification of the real solutions of Painlevé IV (or, more precisely, symmetric Painlevé IV) using a sequence of symbols describing their asymptotic behavior and singularities. We give rules for the sequences that are allowed (depending on the parameter values). We look in detail at the existence of globally nonsingular real solutions and determine the dimensions of the spaces of such solutions with different asymptotic behaviors. We show that for a generic choice of the parameters, there exists a unique finite sequence of singularities for which Painlevé IV has a two-parameter family of solutions with this singularity sequence. There also exist solutions with singly infinite and doubly infinite sequences of singularities, and we identify which such sequences are possible. We look at the singularity sequences (and asymptotics) of special solutions of Painlevé IV. We also show two other results concerning special solutions: rational solutions can be obtained as the solution of a set of polynomial equations, and other special solutions can be obtained as the solution of a first-order differential equation. Full article
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