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5.4
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Marine Drugs
Special Issues
Marine-Derived Sterols
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Marine-Derived Sterols

A special issue of Marine Drugs (ISSN 1660-3397).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2021) | Viewed by 11627

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Valery Dembitsky

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge College, 3000 College Drive South, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada
Interests: actinobacteria; fungal endophytes; yeast; microscopic fungi; microalgae; cyanobacteria; lichens; alkaloids; terpenoids; aromatic; lipids; fatty acids; peptides; antitumor; antiviral
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last decade, significant progress has been made in the field of biological and medical research of marine organisms. Marine microalgae, algae, and invertebrates, which in turn play a very important role in biomedical research, are the most important source of basic products. Of course, one of the most important natural products are sea sterols. It is known that microalgae, marine macrophytes (Chlorophyceae, Rhodophyceae, and Phaeophyceae) as well as their fungal endophytes produce many biologically active sterols that can be used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Marine invertebrates and their fungal endophytes are also a great source of biological active sterols and their derivatives. Additionally, of great interest are steroids and their derivatives that are found in marine deposits, sediments, and oil. In addition, marine steroids containing heteroatoms such as nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus are of interest. It is expected that many sterols of marine origin will have pharmacological applications in terms of improving human health.

In this Special Issue on “Marine-Derived Sterols”, we will provide researchers with a platform for publishing biomedical and chemical studies of substances of marine origin. We welcome the contributions of scientists and scholars from around the world.


Dr. Valery Dembitsky
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Marine Drugs is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Microalgae
  • Macrophytes
  • Invertebrates
  • Fungal endophytes
  • Sediments
  • Heteroatom-substituted sterols
  • Biomedicine
  • Drug

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 2491 KiB  
Article
24(S)-Saringosterol Prevents Cognitive Decline in a Mouse Model for Alzheimer’s Disease
by Nikita Martens, Melissa Schepers, Na Zhan, Frank Leijten, Gardi Voortman, Assia Tiane, Ben Rombaut, Janne Poisquet, Nienke van de Sande, Anja Kerksiek, Folkert Kuipers, Johan W. Jonker, Hongbing Liu, Dieter Lütjohann, Tim Vanmierlo and Monique T. Mulder
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(4), 190; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19040190 - 27 Mar 2021
Cited by 15 | Viewed by 4113
Abstract
We recently found that dietary supplementation with the seaweed Sargassum fusiforme, containing the preferential LXRβ-agonist 24(S)-saringosterol, prevented memory decline and reduced amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model without inducing hepatic steatosis. Here, we examined the effects of 24(S)-saringosterol [...] Read more.
We recently found that dietary supplementation with the seaweed Sargassum fusiforme, containing the preferential LXRβ-agonist 24(S)-saringosterol, prevented memory decline and reduced amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition in an Alzheimer’s disease (AD) mouse model without inducing hepatic steatosis. Here, we examined the effects of 24(S)-saringosterol as a food additive on cognition and neuropathology in AD mice. Six-month-old male APPswePS1ΔE9 mice and wildtype C57BL/6J littermates received 24(S)-saringosterol (0.5 mg/25 g body weight/day) (APPswePS1ΔE9 n = 20; C57BL/6J n = 19) or vehicle (APPswePS1ΔE9 n = 17; C57BL/6J n = 19) for 10 weeks. Cognition was assessed using object recognition and object location tasks. Sterols were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, Aβ and inflammatory markers by immunohistochemistry, and gene expression by quantitative real-time PCR. Hepatic lipids were quantified after Oil-Red-O staining. Administration of 24(S)-saringosterol prevented cognitive decline in APPswePS1ΔE9 mice without affecting the Aβ plaque load. Moreover, 24(S)-saringosterol prevented the increase in the inflammatory marker Iba1 in the cortex of APPswePS1ΔE9 mice (p < 0.001). Furthermore, 24(S)-saringosterol did not affect the expression of lipid metabolism-related LXR-response genes in the hippocampus nor the hepatic neutral lipid content. Thus, administration of 24(S)-saringosterol prevented cognitive decline in APPswePS1ΔE9 mice independent of effects on Aβ load and without adverse effects on liver fat content. The anti-inflammatory effects of 24(S)-saringosterol may contribute to the prevention of cognitive decline. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine-Derived Sterols)
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Review

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31 pages, 6669 KiB  
Review
Sulfated and Sulfur-Containing Steroids and Their Pharmacological Profile
by Tatyana A. Pounina, Tatyana A. Gloriozova, Nick Savidov and Valery M. Dembitsky
Mar. Drugs 2021, 19(5), 240; https://doi.org/10.3390/md19050240 - 24 Apr 2021
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 3389
Abstract
The review focuses on sulfated steroids that have been isolated from seaweeds, marine sponges, soft corals, ascidians, starfish, and other marine invertebrates. Sulfur-containing steroids and triterpenoids are sourced from sedentary marine coelenterates, plants, marine sediments, crude oil, and other geological deposits. The review [...] Read more.
The review focuses on sulfated steroids that have been isolated from seaweeds, marine sponges, soft corals, ascidians, starfish, and other marine invertebrates. Sulfur-containing steroids and triterpenoids are sourced from sedentary marine coelenterates, plants, marine sediments, crude oil, and other geological deposits. The review presents the pharmacological profile of sulfated steroids, sulfur-containing steroids, and triterpenoids, which is based on data obtained using the PASS program. In addition, several semi-synthetic and synthetic epithio steroids, which represent a rare group of bioactive lipids that have not yet been found in nature, but possess a high level of antitumor activity, were included in this review for the comparative pharmacological characterization of this class of compounds. About 140 steroids and triterpenoids are presented in this review, which demonstrate a wide range of biological activities. Therefore, out of 71 sulfated steroids, thirteen show strong antitumor activity with a confidence level of more than 90%, out of 50 sulfur-containing steroids, only four show strong antitumor activity with a confidence level of more than 93%, and out of eighteen epithio steroids, thirteen steroids show strong antitumor activity with a confidence level of 91% to 97.4%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine-Derived Sterols)
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34 pages, 3691 KiB  
Review
Chemical Diversity of Soft Coral Steroids and Their Pharmacological Activities
by Ekaterina V. Ermolenko, Andrey B. Imbs, Tatyana A. Gloriozova, Vladimir V. Poroikov, Tatyana V. Sikorskaya and Valery M. Dembitsky
Mar. Drugs 2020, 18(12), 613; https://doi.org/10.3390/md18120613 - 02 Dec 2020
Cited by 32 | Viewed by 3447
Abstract
The review is devoted to the chemical diversity of steroids produced by soft corals and their determined and potential activities. There are about 200 steroids that belong to different types of steroids such as secosteroids, spirosteroids, epoxy- and peroxy-steroids, steroid glycosides, halogenated steroids, [...] Read more.
The review is devoted to the chemical diversity of steroids produced by soft corals and their determined and potential activities. There are about 200 steroids that belong to different types of steroids such as secosteroids, spirosteroids, epoxy- and peroxy-steroids, steroid glycosides, halogenated steroids, polyoxygenated steroids and steroids containing sulfur or nitrogen heteroatoms. Of greatest interest is the pharmacological activity of these steroids. More than 40 steroids exhibit antitumor and related activity with a confidence level of over 90 percent. A group of 32 steroids shows anti-hypercholesterolemic activity with over 90 percent confidence. Ten steroids exhibit anti-inflammatory activity and 20 steroids can be classified as respiratory analeptic drugs. Several steroids exhibit rather rare and very specific activities. Steroids exhibit anti-osteoporotic properties and can be used to treat osteoporosis, as well as have strong anti-eczemic and anti-psoriatic properties and antispasmodic properties. Thus, this review is probably the first and exclusive to present the known as well as the potential pharmacological activities of 200 marine steroids. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine-Derived Sterols)
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