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Machines
Special Issues
Internal Combustion Engine and Vehicles: Present Situation and Prospects
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Internal Combustion Engine and Vehicles: Present Situation and Prospects

A special issue of Machines (ISSN 2075-1702). This special issue belongs to the section "Vehicle Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 5747

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Adrian Clenci

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department Automobiles and Transport, University of Pitesti, Targul Din Vale St 1, 110040 Pitesti, Romania
Interests: automobile engineering; internal combustion engines; thermodynamics of internal combustion engine; variable valve actuation; variable compression ratio; turbocharging; CFD simulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Rodica Niculescu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department Automobiles and Transport, University of Pitesti, Targul din Vale street 1, 110040 Pitesti, Romania
Interests: internal combustion engines; thermodynamics of internal combustion engine; fuels and lubricants
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Presently, road mobility comes with two major challenges: (1) greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions related to global warming; (2) chemical pollution (especially in cities). Road mobility worldwide is enabled by internal combustion engine vehicles; the very existence of the tailpipe on these vehicles is an issue. The burning of carbon-based fuels, with emissions of carbon dioxide, is considered to be the main contributor to GHG emissions and chemical species which are dangerous for human health. Among all the carbon-based fuels used in these vehicles, only some are regulated.

Consequently, with ever-stricter regulations and increasing competition from electric alternatives, there is presently unprecedented pressure to make internal combustion engines cleaner and more efficient while maintaining its well-known value-for-money characterization. In other words, the ongoing optimization of the internal combustion engine remains essential for the future of road mobility; here, a sudden shift to fully electrified vehicles is not presently possible.

Accordingly, the main purpose of this Special Issue is to gather relevant scientific results on the following broad topic: the improvement of the energy and ecology performance of internal combustion engines, as this relates to road mobility.

Finally, we hope that, with your papers, we will succeed in clearly and impartially encouraging students and young engineers to adopt a research career in internal combustion engines.

Prof. Dr. Adrian Clenci
Dr. Rodica Niculescu
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Machines is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • design, modelling, and control of modern internal combustion engines
  • internal combustion engine thermodynamics
  • technologies for improving internal combustion engine efficiency and reducing CO2
  • Clean engine technologies (advanced combustion and after-treatment systems aiming to achieve near-zero environmental impact)
  • alternative and/or renewable fuels for internal combustion engines
  • progress in materials and manufacturing of internal combustion engines (aiming for lightweight, low-friction and low-environmental-impact engines, in accordance with the TLCA paradigm)
  • waste heat recovery
  • internal combustion engine vehicles: matching internal combustion engines and transmissions
  • hybrid electric vehicles: efficient integration of internal combustion engines within the hybrid propulsion system, with modeling and control strategies and energy management

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 4432 KiB  
Article
Assessment of a Second Life City Vehicle Refurbished to Include Hybrid Powertrain Technology
by Santiago Martinez-Boggio, Adrian Irimescu, Pedro Curto-Risso and Simona Silvia Merola
Machines 2023, 11(7), 699; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11070699 - 02 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1551
Abstract
Due to increased powertrain efficiency, electrified propulsion has seen significant diffusion in the automotive sector in recent years. Despite the possible reduction in tailpipe CO2 emissions, the advancements in the technology are not sufficient to tackle the challenge of global greenhouse emissions. [...] Read more.
Due to increased powertrain efficiency, electrified propulsion has seen significant diffusion in the automotive sector in recent years. Despite the possible reduction in tailpipe CO2 emissions, the advancements in the technology are not sufficient to tackle the challenge of global greenhouse emissions. An additional action could be the use of second life vehicles to drastically reduce the emissions associated with vehicle manufacturing and recycling/disposal. Urban vehicles are the most suitable to be electrified due to the large start-and-stop cycling and the possibility of using regenerative braking. Therefore, this work considered the hypothesis of hybridizing a small size passenger car with parallel and Series technology. The powertrain is designed for an old vehicle suitable for second life use after refurbishment. A numerical model of the propulsion components was built and applied after previous validation in homologation conditions. Several urban cycles representative of European cities were considered. The final hybrid model is compared with two baselines: non-hybrid and pure electric version already lunched in the market by the manufacturer. The findings indicate that used HEV cars could be a viable option for cutting CO2 emissions from city vehicles without reducing their range. In comparison to non-hybrid vehicles, the series can typically reduce CO2 emissions by 41%, compared to the P2’s 32%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Internal Combustion Engine and Vehicles: Present Situation and Prospects)
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25 pages, 6725 KiB  
Article
The Concept of Determining Route Signatures in Urban and Extra-Urban Driving Conditions Using Artificial Intelligence Methods
by Arkadiusz Małek, Jacek Caban, Agnieszka Dudziak, Andrzej Marciniak and Ján Vrábel
Machines 2023, 11(5), 575; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11050575 - 22 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1172
Abstract
The article describes the implementation of road driving tests with a vehicle in urban and extra-urban traffic conditions. Descriptions of the hardware and software needed for archiving the data obtained from the vehicle’s on-board diagnostic connector are presented. Then, the routes are analyzed [...] Read more.
The article describes the implementation of road driving tests with a vehicle in urban and extra-urban traffic conditions. Descriptions of the hardware and software needed for archiving the data obtained from the vehicle’s on-board diagnostic connector are presented. Then, the routes are analyzed using artificial intelligence methods. In this article, the reference of the route was defined as the trajectory of the driving process, represented by the engine rotational speed, the driving speed, and acceleration in the state space. The state space was separated into classes based on the results of the cluster analysis. In the experiment, five classes were clustered. The K-Means clustering algorithm was employed to determine the clusters in the variant without prior labelling of the classes using the teaching method and without participation of a teacher. In this way, the trajectories of the driving process in the five-state state space were determined. The article compares the signatures of routes created in urban and extra-urban driving conditions. Significant differences between the obtained results were indicated. Interesting methods of displaying the saved data are presented and the potential practical applications of the proposed method are indicated. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Internal Combustion Engine and Vehicles: Present Situation and Prospects)
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25 pages, 11680 KiB  
Article
Research Regarding the Development of the Combustion Chamber of Internal Combustion Engines with Opposite Pistons
by Horia Beles, Adrian Tusinean, Tudor Mitran and Florin Bogdan Scurt
Machines 2023, 11(2), 309; https://doi.org/10.3390/machines11020309 - 20 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2195
Abstract
The reduction in environment pollutant emissions is one of the main challenges regarding ground transportation. Internal combustion engines, used especially in hybrid propulsion systems, may be a solution in the transition to fully electric cars. Therefore, more efficient engines in terms of fuel [...] Read more.
The reduction in environment pollutant emissions is one of the main challenges regarding ground transportation. Internal combustion engines, used especially in hybrid propulsion systems, may be a solution in the transition to fully electric cars. Therefore, more efficient engines in terms of fuel consumption, emission generation and power density must be developed. This paper presents research regarding the architecture of the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine with opposed pistons. The aim of this research was to find a combustion chamber architecture that would enable the engine to perform close to the program target of: NOx < 3.5 g/kWh, smoke (FSN) < 1, specific fuel consumption (bsfc) < 198 g/kWh. Three variants of the combustion chamber’s architecture have been studied. After the experimental research, the conclusion was that none of them fully reached the target; however, significant improvements have been achieved compared with the starting point. As a result, further research needs to be carried out in order to reach and even exceed the target. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Internal Combustion Engine and Vehicles: Present Situation and Prospects)
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