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Lubricants
Special Issues
Synthesis, Characterization and Tribological Investigation of Bio-Based Lubricants
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Synthesis, Characterization and Tribological Investigation of Bio-Based Lubricants

A special issue of Lubricants (ISSN 2075-4442).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 24 September 2024 | Viewed by 3062

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Francisco Murilo Tavares de Luna

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Lubrificantes, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Campus do Pici, Bl 709, Fortaleza 60.455-760, CE, Brazil
Interests: adsorption; catalysis; biomass valorization; biofuels; biolubricants; tribology; modeling and simulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Paulo Roberto Campos Flexa Ribeiro Filho

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Guest Editor
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universidade Estadual do Maranhão, 65, São Luis 055-310, MA, Brazil
Interests: tribology; biolubricant; biomass valorization; wear; friction

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The term “bio-based lubricant” usually refers to lubricants formulated with renewable and biodegradable, usually nontoxic basestocks. Biolubricant basestock oils with additives (antioxidants, pour point depressants, viscosity index (VI) enhancer, etc.) are used to obtain final products for several applications. Vegetable oils have proved to be good alternatives for biolubricant production, not only because they have long carbon chains, similar to mineral lubricants, but also because they have the advantage of presenting a high rate of biodegradability. Furthermore, they exhibit high lubricity, high VI, have a higher flash point and lower evaporative losses than mineral oil. In recent years, several chemical routes have been developed to obtain lubricants from various renewable sources (vegetable oil, animal fats, residual biomass, etc.), comparing their physicochemical properties and tribological behavior with similar products derived from petroleum. Identifying a feasible industrial chemical route that produces bio-based lubricants with better performance than petroleum derivatives is still a challenge for researchers in this field. Based on these considerations, we invite authors to submit articles and reviews related to the development of bio-based lubricant molecules obtained through several chemical routes, assessing the physicochemical properties and/or tribological behavior of products.

Prof. Dr. Francisco Murilo Tavares de Luna
Dr. Paulo Roberto Campos Flexa Ribeiro Filho
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Lubricants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomass valorization
  • bio-based lubricants
  • friction
  • tribology
  • wear

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 3574 KiB  
Article
Composite of Carboxymethyl Cellulose/MXene and Span 60 as Additives to Enhance Tribological Properties of Bio-Lubricants
by Dedison Gasni, Dieter Rahmadiawan, Ridho Irwansyah and Aldi Em Khalid
Lubricants 2024, 12(3), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants12030078 - 01 Mar 2024
Viewed by 988
Abstract
Bio-lubricants are the future of lubricants as a substitute for mineral lubricants; however, bio-lubricants have drawbacks, such as poor thermal-oxidative stability. In addition, during the friction process, the temperature of the lubricant increases, so the lubricant must have good thermal conductivity to conduct [...] Read more.
Bio-lubricants are the future of lubricants as a substitute for mineral lubricants; however, bio-lubricants have drawbacks, such as poor thermal-oxidative stability. In addition, during the friction process, the temperature of the lubricant increases, so the lubricant must have good thermal conductivity to conduct heat to the environment. To combat the drawbacks of bio-lubricants, some additives have been used to improve their performance as lubricants. Composites of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/MXene and Span 60 as surfactants were used as additives in CPO with different compositions. The physicochemical properties of the addition of CMC/MXene and Span 60 in CPO have changed, including kinematic viscosity, TAN, thermal conductivity, and fatty acids, which have a positive impact on lubrication performance in terms of reducing oxidation processes and increasing thermal conductivity. From fatty acid composition tests and FTIR analysis, the additives work to suppress the oxidation process. A pin-on-disk test was performed to evaluate the tribological performances of bio-lubricants. The results show that CM 10 SP (0.5% wt of CMC and MXene and 1% wt Span 60) demonstrated a significant decrease in CoF and wear rate by 49% and 74%, respectively, at a load of 50 N and a speed of 1400 rpm compared to CPO without additives. An interface layer of CMC/MXene and Span 60, separating two surfaces, could induce wear on the surface of the disk and pin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Characterization and Tribological Investigation of Bio-Based Lubricants)
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15 pages, 11982 KiB  
Article
Thermo-Oxidative Stability and Tribological Properties of Biolubricants Obtained from Castor Oil Fatty Acids and Isoamyl Alcohol
by Maria Marliete F. Melo Neta, Gustavo R. R. Lima, Philipe de O. Tavares, Igor de M. Figueredo, Weslley da S. Rocha, Paulo R. C. F. Ribeiro Filho, Célio L. Cavalcante, Jr. and Francisco Murilo T. Luna
Lubricants 2023, 11(11), 490; https://doi.org/10.3390/lubricants11110490 - 12 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1766
Abstract
In this study, the thermo-oxidative stability and tribological behavior of bio-based lubricant samples synthesized from castor oil using isoamyl alcohol were evaluated. Initially, the compositional and physicochemical properties of the obtained samples were assessed using the 1H NMR, FTIR and ASTM methods. [...] Read more.
In this study, the thermo-oxidative stability and tribological behavior of bio-based lubricant samples synthesized from castor oil using isoamyl alcohol were evaluated. Initially, the compositional and physicochemical properties of the obtained samples were assessed using the 1H NMR, FTIR and ASTM methods. Oxidative stability of the samples was evaluated using the Rancimat method at 110 °C under air flow. The final biolubricant sample (BL2), obtained after esterification, epoxidation and oxirane rings opening reactions, presented an oxidation stability time (OST) of 14.3 h. The thermal stability was also evaluated by thermogravimetry (TG) from the mass variations under inert and oxidative atmosphere. BL2 showed higher thermal stability compared to the other samples, demonstrating higher decomposition temperatures in both inert (339.04 °C) and oxidative (338.47 °C) atmospheres, for a mass loss of 50%. The tribological properties of the samples were evaluated using a four-ball tribometer configuration. The BL1 and BL2 samples exhibited lower friction coefficients than the mineral oil sample (MOS) by 21.5% and 43.1%, respectively. Regarding wear, the observed wear scar diameter (WSD) was also lower in BL1 and BL2 compared to MOS by 5.2% and 40.4%, respectively. The results of the tribological evaluation suggest that both samples (BL1 and BL2) have promising potential for applications in lubricating machines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Synthesis, Characterization and Tribological Investigation of Bio-Based Lubricants)
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