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Cardiology and Vascular Health: Pathophysiology, Therapeutics and Epidemiology
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Cardiology and Vascular Health: Pathophysiology, Therapeutics and Epidemiology

A special issue of Journal of Personalized Medicine (ISSN 2075-4426). This special issue belongs to the section "Clinical Medicine, Cell, and Organism Physiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2024 | Viewed by 5534

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Grzegorz K. Jakubiak

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department and Clinic of Internal Medicine, Angiology and Physical Medicine in Bytom, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Batorego 15 St., 41-902 Bytom, Poland
Interests: cardiovascular disease; atherosclerosis; dyslipidemia; diabetes; cardiometabolic disorders

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are among the most critical public health challenges in the modern world. Atherosclerosis is the main pathogenetic process leading to the development of CVDs. In the course of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, and peripheral arterial disease may develop. Diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, smoking, and low physical activity are among the most important modifiable cardiovascular risk factors. Improving our knowledge regarding CVDs is essential in order to achieve superior patient care. Research in this area should, on the one hand, concern the diagnosis and treatment of overt cardiovascular disease, and on the other hand, focus on the identification of the dysfunction of the cardiovascular system at the subclinical level, which may affect therapeutic management and prevent the development of cardiovascular events. An individual approach to each patient is essential, which is in accordance with the concept of personalized medicine. Genetic testing also plays a key role in this regard. I cordially invite scientists from around the world to share the results of their research addressing the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of CVDs in this Special Issue.

Dr. Grzegorz K. Jakubiak
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Personalized Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • cardiovascular disease
  • peripheral arterial disease
  • coronary heart disease
  • heart failure
  • cerebrovascular diesease
  • diabetes mellitus
  • dyslipidemia
  • arterial hypertension
  • arterial stiffness
  • endothelial dysfunction

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 541 KiB  
Article
Association between C-Reactive Protein to Albumin Ratio and Multi-Vessel Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease
by Suleyman Akkaya and Umit Cakmak
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(4), 378; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14040378 - 31 Mar 2024
Viewed by 557
Abstract
Multivessel coronary artery disease (MV-CAD) remains a prevalent and serious health concern despite advances in treatment. Early identification and risk stratification are crucial for optimizing treatment. The CRP-to-albumin ratio (CAR) has emerged as a promising biomarker in various inflammatory diseases. This study investigated [...] Read more.
Multivessel coronary artery disease (MV-CAD) remains a prevalent and serious health concern despite advances in treatment. Early identification and risk stratification are crucial for optimizing treatment. The CRP-to-albumin ratio (CAR) has emerged as a promising biomarker in various inflammatory diseases. This study investigated the potential of CAR as a marker for MV-CAD. We retrospectively analyzed 1360 patients with suspected CAD. Patients were divided into three groups based on CAR tertiles. Logistic regression analyses were carried out to estimate the association between MHR and MV-CAD. Elevated CAR levels were significantly associated with an increased prevalence of CAD (p < 0.001), severe CAD (p < 0.001), and MV-CAD (p < 0.001). Patients with the highest CAR tertile had five times higher odds of MV-CAD compared to the lowest tertile (p < 0.001). CAR demonstrated moderate accuracy in predicting MV-CAD (AUC: 0.644, 95% CI: 0.615–0.674, p < 0.001). CAR holds promise as a tool for the early identification and risk stratification of multivessel CAD. Further research is warranted to validate its clinical utility and explore its potential to guide treatment decisions and improve outcomes in patients with this high-risk condition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiology and Vascular Health: Pathophysiology, Therapeutics and Epidemiology)
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12 pages, 1498 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Arterial Stiffness and Biochemical Markers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Diagnosis of Subclinical Atherosclerosis
by Dominika Blachut, Brygida Przywara-Chowaniec, Michalina Mazurkiewicz and Andrzej Tomasik
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(3), 289; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14030289 - 08 Mar 2024
Viewed by 779
Abstract
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are 2–10 times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population. The assessment of the risk of developing CVD is an important direction for further clinical management. The study was conducted retrospectively and included [...] Read more.
Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are 2–10 times more likely to develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) than the general population. The assessment of the risk of developing CVD is an important direction for further clinical management. The study was conducted retrospectively and included patients with SLE. The aim of the study was to assess the measurements of pulse wave velocity (PWV), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), ankle–brachial index (ABI) and biochemical parameters. Subclinical atherosclerosis was also assessed. The study included 98 patients with SLE with an age- and sex-matched control group of 68 healthy adults. Statistical significance was found in the SLE group and the controls for N-terminal fragment of pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT proBNP) (144.87 vs. 36.41 pg/mL, p = 0.0018), high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) (25.43 vs. 6.38 ng/L, p = 0.0303) and D-Dimer levels (0.73 vs. 0.36 µg/mL, p = 0.0088), left CIMT (1.03 vs. 0.62 mm, p < 0.0001), right CIMT (0.93 vs. 0.63 mm, p < 0.0001) and PWV CF (9.74 vs. 7.98 m/s, p = 0.0294). A positive correlation was found between NT proBNP and PWV CF (r = 0.6880, p = 0.0498) and hs-cTn and PVW carotid-femoral (CF) (r = 0.8862, p = 0.0499) in SLE. A positive correlation was reported between PWV CF and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.5025, p = 0.0487). The measurement of carotid–femoral PWV is a simple, non-invasive, and reproducible method and may independently predict future CVD events and their cause. Further studies are warranted to establish the prognostic value of PWV in patients with SLE, as it may be superior to CIMT measurements in the early stages of vascular disorders. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiology and Vascular Health: Pathophysiology, Therapeutics and Epidemiology)
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Review

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16 pages, 333 KiB  
Review
Cardiac Troponin Serum Concentration Measurement Is Useful Not Only in the Diagnosis of Acute Cardiovascular Events
by Grzegorz K. Jakubiak
J. Pers. Med. 2024, 14(3), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/jpm14030230 - 21 Feb 2024
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1301
Abstract
Cardiac troponin serum concentration is the primary marker used for the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. Moreover, the measurement of cardiac troponin concentration is important for risk stratification in patients with pulmonary embolism. The cardiac troponin level is also a general marker of [...] Read more.
Cardiac troponin serum concentration is the primary marker used for the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome. Moreover, the measurement of cardiac troponin concentration is important for risk stratification in patients with pulmonary embolism. The cardiac troponin level is also a general marker of myocardial damage, regardless of etiology. The purpose of this study is to conduct a literature review and present the most important information regarding the current state of knowledge on the cardiac troponin serum concentration in patients with chronic cardiovascular disease (CVD), as well as on the relationships between cardiac troponin serum concentration and features of subclinical cardiovascular dysfunction. According to research conducted to date, patients with CVDs, such as chronic coronary syndrome, chronic lower extremities’ ischemia, and cerebrovascular disease, are characterized by higher cardiac troponin concentrations than people without a CVD. Moreover, the literature data indicate that the concentration of cardiac troponin is correlated with markers of subclinical dysfunction of the cardiovascular system, such as the intima–media thickness, pulse wave velocity, ankle–brachial index, coronary artery calcium index (the Agatston score), and flow-mediated dilation. However, further research is needed in various patient subpopulations and in different clinical contexts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Cardiology and Vascular Health: Pathophysiology, Therapeutics and Epidemiology)
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