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Marine Environmentally-Friendly Antifouling Technology
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Marine Environmentally-Friendly Antifouling Technology

A special issue of Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (ISSN 2077-1312). This special issue belongs to the section "Marine Environmental Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 October 2023) | Viewed by 3998

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Danqing Feng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, China
Interests: marine fouling organisms; marine environmentally-friendly antifouling technology; natural bioactive compounds
Dr. Maria Salta

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Biological Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth PO1 2DY, UK
Interests: antifouling technologies; marine biofilms; biomimetics; biofouling; climate change; microfluidics
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Chunfeng Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
Interests: marine anti-fouling polymer materials; concrete anti-corrosion materials

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Marine biofouling, the undesirable colonization of organisms on surfaces of marine submerged man-made structures, poses serious economic problems and environmental risks throughout the world. It reduces ship speed, increases fuel consumption and greenhouse gas emissions, increases weight of submerged static structures (such as oil and gas rigs, aquaculture facilities, water-use structures of coastal power plants, and sensors), and expands the distribution of invasive species. Traditional antifouling coatings use metal-based antifoulants such as tributyltin and cuprous oxide to prevent biofouling, but this causes environmental pollution and ecological damage. Therefore, there is an urgent need for marine environmentally friendly antifouling technologies. Insight into the settlement processes and mechanisms of biofoulers is important for developing novel antifouling technologies. Natural antifouling active products isolated from marine organisms and terrestrial plants are considered as promising sources of environmentally friendly antifoulants. Meanwhile, developing environmentally friendly and efficient antifouling polymer has been expanding enormously in this field. In this Special Issue, we encourage contributions addressing settlement processes and mechanisms of micro- or macrofouling organisms, screening, isolation and application of natural product antifoulants, design and application of novel antifouling polymers, controlled release technology, biomimetic and bioinspired antifouling materials, smart antifouling materials, and other environmentally friendly antifouling technologies. Original research articles and reviews are welcome.

Prof. Dr. Danqing Feng
Dr. Maria Salta
Prof. Dr. Chunfeng Ma
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • marine biofouling
  • settlement
  • marine antifouling
  • environmentally friendly
  • antifouling coating
  • natural product antifoulant
  • emerging antifouling technology
  • biomimetic antifouling surfaces
  • fouling release
  • fouling resistance

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 7673 KiB  
Article
Long-Term Ultraviolet Treatment for Macrofouling Control in Northern and Southern Hemispheres
by Paul Whitworth, Anthony S. Clare, John A. Finlay, Richard F. Piola, Joseph Plummer and Nick Aldred
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(12), 2211; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11122211 - 21 Nov 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1221
Abstract
The biofouling of marine structures must be controlled if crippling operational and maintenance costs are to be avoided and biological invasions prevented. However, traditional methods of biofouling control typically involve the use of toxic chemicals, which have their own drawbacks, both financial and [...] Read more.
The biofouling of marine structures must be controlled if crippling operational and maintenance costs are to be avoided and biological invasions prevented. However, traditional methods of biofouling control typically involve the use of toxic chemicals, which have their own drawbacks, both financial and environmental. For ships, the hull is the largest surface requiring a fouling-control coating; however, there are other so-called ‘niche’ areas (up to 10% of the total wetted area) that typically cannot be, or are not routinely, treated to prevent biofouling accumulation. The use of UV light is a tried and tested sterilization method that has been shown to also work underwater. However, the speed with which UV can be applied to large-scale biofouling control will be determined by the engineering challenges involved and the lack of basic understanding of the biological mode of action. The former is essential for the effective translation of this established technology into a high-performance, industrially useful fouling-control system. The latter will be important for environmental regulation and safe use as well as performance optimisation. Here, we developed two bespoke flow-through systems to replicate ship niche areas and deployed them in Melbourne, Australia, and North East England. We demonstrated a 40–90% reduction in biofouling coverage on silicone tiles embedded with UV-emitting LEDs, even as the LED output waned (after ~8000 h). Image analysis and amplicon sequencing of 18S genes provided complementary information about the taxonomic composition of the fouling communities and highlighted some taxa, for example, ascidians and diatoms, which may have, or in the future develop, UV resistance. Interestingly, the UV treatment far exceeded performance estimates based on the predicted attenuation distance of UV in seawater. Overall, while it is clear that UV treatment works in terms of its efficacy against the vast majority of observed fouling species, technical challenges remain, as do knowledge gaps surrounding the biological and ecological effects of widespread use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Environmentally-Friendly Antifouling Technology)
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19 pages, 7280 KiB  
Article
Antifouling Potential of Diadema setosum and Sonneratia lanceolata Extracts for Marine Applications
by Mujahidah Mohd Ramzi, Nor Izzati Abd Rahman, Nurul Najihah Rawi, Kesaven Bhubalan, Fazilah Ariffin, Noor Wini Mazlan, Jasnizat Saidin, Muhd Danish-Daniel, Julius Yong Fu Siong, Kamariah Bakar, Nor Atikah Mohd Zin, Ahmad Khusairi Azemi and Noraznawati Ismail
J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(3), 602; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11030602 - 13 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2148
Abstract
Marine resources such as marine invertebrates and mangrove plants favor the production of secondary metabolites that exhibit antifouling properties. These natural-derived compounds are considered environmentally friendly compared to synthetic compounds with similar activity and technological applications. The current study was conducted to determine [...] Read more.
Marine resources such as marine invertebrates and mangrove plants favor the production of secondary metabolites that exhibit antifouling properties. These natural-derived compounds are considered environmentally friendly compared to synthetic compounds with similar activity and technological applications. The current study was conducted to determine the antifouling properties of Diadema setosum (DS) and Sonneratia lanceolata (SL) crude extracts and their incorporated paints, in addition to the identification of the metabolites involved. Both crude extracts were tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa via a crystal violet assay, while the incorporated paints with 5% (SL5% and DS5%) and 10% (SL10% and DS10%) weight per volume (w/v) were tested in an aquarium and submerged in the seawater at Kemaman and Pulau Redang (Malaysia) for field testing. The identification of the bioactive compounds from the crude extracts was carried out using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). The results of the crystal violet assay showed that both of the crude extracts reduced the biofilm formed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The marine bacteria growths contained in natural seawater were inhibited the most by SL5%, followed by DS5%, DS10%, and SL10% in the aquarium testing. Based on the photographic observation, all of the paints incorporated with the crude extracts successfully reduced the settlement of fouling organisms compared to the blank paint, as lesser macroalgae were found growing on the SL5%, DS5%, and DS10%. The LC-MS results showed 3-Methyloxiranyl phosphonic acid; (2RS,3SR)-form from the SL crude extract, while the 8-Decene-1,3,5-triol, 3-Hydroxyundecanoic acid, and 1-O-(6-Deoxy-6-sulfoglucopyranosyl)glycerol; α-D-form, 3-Hexadecanoyl from the DS crude extract were involved in the antifouling properties. In conclusion, both crude extracts have the potential to be developed as antifouling agents. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Marine Environmentally-Friendly Antifouling Technology)
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