Research

Jump to: Other

12 pages, 3104 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Preliminary Assessment of Microalgal Diets for Echinopluteus Larvae Culture of the Sea Urchin Sphaerechinus granularis (Lamarck, 1816) (Echinoidea: Toxopneustidae)

by Ricardo Luís, Ricardo José, João Castro and Carlos Andrade

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(10), 1870; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11101870 - 26 Sep 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 726

Abstract

Sea urchins play an important role in coastal marine ecosystems and are an economically valuable resource for their gonads (roe or uni). Increased demand by Asian and European countries caused overfishing of wild stocks resulting in a sharp decline of sea urchin populations. [...] Read more.

Sea urchins play an important role in coastal marine ecosystems and are an economically valuable resource for their gonads (roe or uni). Increased demand by Asian and European countries caused overfishing of wild stocks resulting in a sharp decline of sea urchin populations. The increased efforts in developing cost-effective protocols are focused on larval development up to pre- and post-metamorphosis stages, as they are one of the main difficulties of echinoculture. This is a preliminary study to evaluate the influence of microalgal varying diet rationing on larval development, growth, and survivorship at pre-metamorphosis of Sphaerechinus granularis echinopluteus (30 days post-fertilization). Three microalgae diets based on Dunaliella tertiolecta and Rhodomonas marina and the combination of both species were tested. Each diet used three ration treatments: low ration (500–3000 cells⋅ml⁻¹); medium ration (1000–6000 cells⋅ml⁻¹); and high ration (4000–24,000 cells⋅ml⁻¹), which were cell-density adjusted to larval development. Assays used three triplicated treatments in 8 L cylindrical–conical glass incubators. Results showed that the survival of S. granularis echinopluteus was positively influenced by diets of lower cellular densities and a combined microalgae diet. Adoption of this type of diet regime is expected to improve larval production and provide the groundwork for future research on S. granularis in aquaculture. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Marine Aquaculture Research)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 1144 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Long-Term Day/Night Temperature Oscillations on the Overall Performance of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata) Juveniles

by Ana Catarina Matias, Ravi Luna Araújo, Laura Ribeiro, Narcisa Maria Bandarra, Amparo Gonçalves and Pedro Pousão-Ferreira

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(9), 1687; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11091687 - 27 Aug 2023

Viewed by 916

Abstract

Water temperature variations affect fish growth and health, often leading to huge losses in fish production, especially during the cold season. To alleviate this constraint, fish farmers can use a water heating system driven by solar energy during daytime. This action will cause [...] Read more.

Water temperature variations affect fish growth and health, often leading to huge losses in fish production, especially during the cold season. To alleviate this constraint, fish farmers can use a water heating system driven by solar energy during daytime. This action will cause a water temperature drop during the night period, making it important to understand the physiological response of fish exposed to the resulting day/night temperature oscillations. To investigate this scenario, gilthead seabream juveniles (96.3 ± 1.0 g) were exposed to different thermal regimes for 67 days: Tconstant and Tdaily cycles. The latter group was exposed to daily water temperature oscillations between ~19 and 13 °C compared with a constant temperature of ~19 °C for the other experimental group. Temperature fluctuations compromised fish growth efficiency and reduced the proportion of fatty acids in several tissues, with implications for the whole proximate composition. Moreover, temperature oscillations influenced several blood parameters. These results favor the usage of a constant water temperature of ~19 °C for optimal gilthead seabream juvenile production instead of a day/night water temperature oscillating regime. Nevertheless, the type of energy used to warm the water will depend on the operational conditions and/or business strategy of fish farmers. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Marine Aquaculture Research)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

13 pages, 973 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mussel Meal as a Promotor of Growth Performance for the Whiteleg Shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei)

by Stef Claessens, Cláudia Aragão, Flávia Banderó Hoffling, Isabela Pinheiro, Débora Machado Fracalossi and Felipe Nascimento Vieira

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(9), 1670; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11091670 - 25 Aug 2023

Viewed by 1270

Abstract

Mussel meal (species Perna perna) was evaluated as a potential feed additive for whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) diets to improve growth and cold resistance. Five experimental diets (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% of mussel meal inclusion) were tested in [...] Read more.

Mussel meal (species Perna perna) was evaluated as a potential feed additive for whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) diets to improve growth and cold resistance. Five experimental diets (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4% of mussel meal inclusion) were tested in quadruplicate in whiteleg shrimp, using twenty polyethylene tanks of 400 L. Each tank was stocked with 40 shrimp (3.5 ± 0.5 g), filled with seawater and kept under constant aeration and a temperature of 28.4 ± 0.4 °C. After 8 weeks, the growth and feed efficiency of the shrimp were evaluated, and a thermal shock was administered. The shrimp that were fed with the addition of 3 or 4% mussel meal in their diets showed similar results as the control (0% inclusion), while the addition of 1 or 2% mussel meal in the diet resulted in a significantly higher final weight, weight gain and relative growth rate and a lower feed conversion ratio. Further, no differences were observed in thermal shock resistance and survival among the treatments. In conclusion, mussel meal can be used as a feed additive in whiteleg shrimp diets to improve growth, and quadratic regression models indicate that the best levels of inclusion range from 1.73 to 2.00%. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Marine Aquaculture Research)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

23 pages, 1471 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Alternative Feed Formulations Impact Growth Performance, Flesh Quality and Consumer Acceptance of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

by Gabriella do Vale Pereira, Luis E. C. Conceição, Filipe Soares, Jessica Petereit, Bela H. Buck, Johan Johansen, Jorge Dias and Filippo Faccenda

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(6), 1135; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11061135 - 28 May 2023

Viewed by 1665

Abstract

This trial aimed to assess the growth performance of trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed novel formulations, evaluate fish welfare status, and determine flesh quality as part of the evaluation of sustainable feeds. A control diet containing fish meal and soy products (CTRL) [...] Read more.

This trial aimed to assess the growth performance of trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fed novel formulations, evaluate fish welfare status, and determine flesh quality as part of the evaluation of sustainable feeds. A control diet containing fish meal and soy products (CTRL) was compared to: a diet with processed animal proteins (PAP); a diet without PAP (NoPAP); a PAP diet lower in protein (PAP−); and a NoPAP diet higher in protein (NoPAP+). Groups of 50 fish, weighing 58.84 ± 1.39 g (IBW), were allocated to 20 tanks and fed with formulated diets ad libitum over 91 days. Better growth performance was observed after the experiment in fish fed the NoPAP+ diet when compared to other diets. Protein retention was higher in CTRL diets than in PAP and PAP− diets. Protein and phosphorous digestibility were lower in fish fed PAP− diet. Diets did not influence the texture analysis. However, sensory analysis revealed higher acceptance for fish fed the NoPAP diet when compared to the PAP diet. Lysozyme was higher in the NoPAP diet than in other treatments. In addition, long-term predictions using FEEDNETICS^TM software suggest some of these alternative formulations may be economically sustainable. Overall, these results support the hypothesis that the new formulations are viable options for trout farming. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Marine Aquaculture Research)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 2396 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Mycobiont Extract of Parmotrema austrosinense (Zahlbr.) Hale in a Zebrafish Model

by Kalidoss Rajendran, Ponmurugan Karuppiah, Ponmurugan Ponnusamy, Mohammed Rafi Shaik, Mujeeb Khan, Tae Hwan Oh and Baji Shaik

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(5), 1081; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11051081 - 20 May 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1136

Abstract

Thousands of different kinds of lichen metabolites are being examined for their biological activities, including anticancer properties. In this context, the present study aims to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of the acetone extract of Parmotrema austrosinense mycobiont. A lipid peroxidation assay was performed [...] Read more.

Thousands of different kinds of lichen metabolites are being examined for their biological activities, including anticancer properties. In this context, the present study aims to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of the acetone extract of Parmotrema austrosinense mycobiont. A lipid peroxidation assay was performed with the acetone extracts of P. austrosinense mycobiont, which was further used to evaluate its anti-inflammatory efficacy using a zebrafish model. Furthermore, the histopathological study was also carried out with muscle tissues and amplification of its inflammation marker. The results revealed that the lichen compound (i.e., lecanoric acid) in the acetone extract of P. austrosinense possesses anti-inflammatory activity. Histopathology studies confirmed the decreased numbers of neutrophil cells in the 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced zebrafishes, as confirmed by changes in the fishes’ weight before and after the sample treatment, prompted by TNBS inflammation. The present results also demonstrated a dose-dependent decrease in the lipid peroxidation (LPO) levels in the muscle tissues of zebrafishes. Gene amplification studies suggested that the lichen compound might perform dose-dependent downregulation of the inflammatory gene marker of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α gene; this further confirms that the extract should possess anti-inflammatory activity. As per the literature, this study is one of the most complete, comprehensive in vivo anti-inflammatory analyses in which inflammation was induced in zebrafish by using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Particularly, this study successfully identified a bioactive compound isolated from the lichen P. austrosinense, and which exhibited decent anti-inflammatory activity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Marine Aquaculture Research)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

31 pages, 5857 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development and Application of a Mechanistic Nutrient-Based Model for Precision Fish Farming

by Filipe M. R. C. Soares, Ana M. D. Nobre, Andreia I. G. Raposo, Rodrigo C. P. Mendes, Sofia A. D. Engrola, Paulo J. A. P. Rema, Luís E. C. Conceição and Tomé S. Silva

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(3), 472; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11030472 - 22 Feb 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1804

Abstract

This manuscript describes and evaluates the FEEDNETICS model, a detailed mechanistic nutrient-based model that has been developed to be used as a data interpretation and decision-support tool by fish farmers, aquafeed producers, aquaculture consultants and researchers. The modelling framework comprises two main components: [...] Read more.

This manuscript describes and evaluates the FEEDNETICS model, a detailed mechanistic nutrient-based model that has been developed to be used as a data interpretation and decision-support tool by fish farmers, aquafeed producers, aquaculture consultants and researchers. The modelling framework comprises two main components: (i) fish model, that simulates at the individual level the fish growth, composition, and nutrient utilization, following basic physical principles and prior information on the organization and control of biochemical/metabolic processes; and (ii) farm model, that upscales all information to the population level. The model was calibrated and validated for five commercially relevant farmed fish species, i.e., gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata), European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax), Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), using data sets covering a wide range of rearing and feeding conditions. The results of the validation of the model for fish growth are consistent between species, presenting a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) between 11.7 and 13.8%. Several uses cases are presented, illustrating how this tool can be used to complement experimental trial design and interpretation, and to evaluate nutritional and environmental effects at the farm level. FEEDNETICS provides a means of transforming data into useful information, thus contributing to more efficient fish farming. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Marine Aquaculture Research)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

16 pages, 1336 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Salinity Tolerance and the Effect of Salinity and Algal Feed on the Demographics of Cultured Harpacticoid Copepods Tisbe holothuriae and Tigriopus sp. from the Messolonghi Lagoon (W. Greece)

by George N. Hotos, Evi Kourelea and Ioannis Fotodimas

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2022, 10(11), 1663; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse10111663 - 04 Nov 2022

Viewed by 2121

Abstract

The locally isolated harpacticoid copepods Tigriopus sp. and Tisbe holothuriae were subjected to salinity tolerance experimentation at salinities under and above of 40 ppt, and presented high halotolerances in Tigriopus LC50 (24 h) of 1 ± 4.43 ppt and 132 ± 5.35 ppt, respectively, [...] Read more.

The locally isolated harpacticoid copepods Tigriopus sp. and Tisbe holothuriae were subjected to salinity tolerance experimentation at salinities under and above of 40 ppt, and presented high halotolerances in Tigriopus LC50 (24 h) of 1 ± 4.43 ppt and 132 ± 5.35 ppt, respectively, and in Tisbe of 15 ± 2.41 ppt and 93 ± 3.23 ppt, respectively. Tetraselmis suecica, among other microalgal feeds (Asteromonas gracilis, Rhodomonas salina, Dunaliella salina and Isochrysis galbana), resulted in the higher production of nauplii in Tigriopus and R. salina and D. salina in Tisbe (also close to T. suecica in Tigriopus). The demographics (number of nauplii, egg sacs, completion of hatching) of both copepods, using combinations of salinities in the range of 22–60 ppt and D. salina and R. salina as feeds, exhibited almost the same preference for microalgae but were negatively affected by the salinity of 60 ppt. The present experiments showed that these local copepods that have extreme salinity tolerance and a wide preference for easily cultured microalgae can be used in ecological studies and for mass production as live feed in marine fish hatcheries. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Marine Aquaculture Research)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Other

Jump to: Research

11 pages, 2032 KiB

Open AccessBrief Report

Offshore Wind Farms in South Korea: A Potential Site for Scallop Culture

by Dae-Won Lee, Sung-Yong Oh, Jordan Jun Chul Park, Yun-Hwan Jung, Han-Jun Kim, Dong Mun Choi, Young-Ung Choi and Jeonghoon Han

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(10), 1988; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11101988 - 14 Oct 2023

Viewed by 1104

Abstract

Owing to the constant wind generated by the vast ocean, energy production from offshore wind farms (OWFs) plays an important role in the expansion of renewable energy. However, areas close to large wind farms are often left unutilized, and aquaculture farmers find it [...] Read more.

Owing to the constant wind generated by the vast ocean, energy production from offshore wind farms (OWFs) plays an important role in the expansion of renewable energy. However, areas close to large wind farms are often left unutilized, and aquaculture farmers find it difficult to efficiently utilize these unoccupied spaces due to limited information showing the feasibility of utilization of OWFs as potential scallop culture sites. To analyze whether the two scallop species Zhikong scallop (Chlamys farreri) and bay scallop (Argopecten irradians) can be grown at OWFs of Gochang and Buan, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea, the growth characteristics of the two scallop species were analyzed and compared with those grown at the Tongyeong Megacosm Test Station. The results clearly showed that the growth of scallops at the OWF was significantly lower with respect to the shell lengths, height, width, and weight, compared to those grown at the megacosm station. However, scallops grown at the OWF still showed consistent growth in parallel with those grown at the megacosm test station. Yet, there was a species-specific mortality rate between the two sites. In addition, our results suggest that temperature may be a key determinant of the growth of C. farreri and A. irradians. Overall, this study contributes to establishing a foundation for the stable and continuous farming of marine bivalves (e.g., clams, oysters, mussels, and scallops) in OWF areas. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Marine Aquaculture Research)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

19 pages, 1562 KiB

Open AccessSystematic Review

Ocean Acidification and Aquacultured Seaweeds: Progress and Knowledge Gaps

by Tan Hengjie, Simon Kumar Das, Nur Farah Ain Zainee, Raja Yana and Mohammad Rozaimi

J. Mar. Sci. Eng. 2023, 11(1), 78; https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse11010078 - 03 Jan 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2155

Abstract

This systematic review aimed to synthesise the existing studies regarding the effects of ocean acidification (OA) on seaweed aquaculture. Ocean acidification scenarios may increase the productivity of aquacultured seaweeds, but this depends on species-specific tolerance ranges. Conversely, seaweed productivity may be reduced, with [...] Read more.

This systematic review aimed to synthesise the existing studies regarding the effects of ocean acidification (OA) on seaweed aquaculture. Ocean acidification scenarios may increase the productivity of aquacultured seaweeds, but this depends on species-specific tolerance ranges. Conversely, seaweed productivity may be reduced, with ensuing economic losses. We specifically addressed questions on: how aquacultured seaweeds acclimatise with an increase in oceanic CO₂; the effects of OA on photosynthetic rates and nutrient uptake; and the knowledge gaps in mitigation measures for seaweed farming in OA environments. Articles were searched by using Google Scholar, followed by Scopus and Web of Science databases, limiting the publications from 2001 to 2022. Our review revealed that, among all the OA-related studies on macroalgae, only a relatively small proportion (n < 85) have examined the physiological responses of aquacultured seaweeds. However, it is generally agreed that these seaweeds cannot acclimatise when critical biological systems are compromised. The existing knowledge gaps regarding mitigation approaches are unbalanced and have overly focused on monitoring and cultivation methods. Future work should emphasise effective and implementable actions against OA while linking the physiological changes of aquacultured seaweeds with production costs and profits. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Challenges in Marine Aquaculture Research)

► Show Figures

Figure 1

Journal Menu

Journal Browser

New Challenges in Marine Aquaculture Research

Share This Special Issue

Special Issue Editors

Special Issue Information

Keywords

Published Papers (9 papers)

Research

Other

Further Information

Guidelines

MDPI Initiatives

Follow MDPI