Review Special Issue Series: Neoadjuvant Lung Cancer Surgery

Dear Colleagues,

Neoadjuvant lung cancer surgery is a comprehensive and innovative approach to treating lung cancer, which has gained significant attention and recognition in oncology. This approach represents a departure from traditional methods of lung cancer management, as it involves the administration of treatments before surgery rather than after it. In neoadjuvant lung cancer surgery, patients typically receive chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy before surgical tumor removal. The primary goal of this preoperative treatment is to shrink the tumor, control its growth, or eliminate any cancer cells that may have spread beyond the lung. By reducing the tumor's size or rendering it more manageable, neoadjuvant therapy can make surgical resection safer and more effective. This multidisciplinary approach is crucial for patients with locally advanced lung cancer or tumors that are surgically difficult to remove due to their size or location. Neoadjuvant therapy increases the chances of successful surgical outcomes and allows healthcare providers to tailor treatment plans to individual patient needs, offering a higher potential for long-term cancer control. As advancements in cancer research and treatment modalities continue to evolve, neoadjuvant lung cancer surgery stands as a crucial strategy in the fight against this devastating disease, offering patients the prospect of improved outcomes and a better quality of life. 

We hope this new issue will be of interest to you, and we look forward to receiving your comprehensive review papers.

Dr. Luca Bertolaccini
Prof. Dr. Lorenzo Spaggiari
Guest Editors

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• neoadjuvant therapy
• lung cancer surgery
• multidisciplinary approach
• personalized treatment
• cancer research advances

Title: Revolutionizing localized lung cancer treatment: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus immunotherapy for all?
Authors: Victoria FERRARI; Carole HELISSEY
Affiliation: Military Hospital Begin
Abstract: Lung cancer poses a significant public health challenge, with resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) representing 20 to 25% of all NSCLC cases, staged between I and IIIA. Despite surgical interventions, patient survival remains unsatisfactory, with approximately 50% mortality within 5 years across early stages. While perioperative chemotherapy offers some benefit, outcomes vary. Therefore, novel therapeutic approaches are imperative to improve patient survival. The combination of chemotherapy and immunotherapy emerges as a promising avenue. In this review, we explore studies demonstrating the benefits of this combination therapy, its impact on surgical procedures, and patient quality of life. However, challenges persist, particularly for patients failing to achieve pathologic complete response (pCR), those with stage II lung cancer, and individuals with specific genetic mutations. Additionally, identifying predictive biomarkers remains challenging. Nevertheless, the integration of immunotherapy and chemotherapy in the preoperative setting presents a new paradigm in managing resectable lung cancer, heralding more effective and personalized treatments for patients.