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Oral Inflammation and Chronic Autoimmune Diseases
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Oral Inflammation and Chronic Autoimmune Diseases

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 9415

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Marzena Liliana Wyganowska

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Guest Editor
Department of Dental Surgery and Periodontology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
Interests: implantology; periodontology; biology of fibroblasts; enamel matrix proteins
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The causes of autoimmune diseases are primarily disorders in the mechanisms of self-tolerance. Genetic factors play an important role in the development of autoimmune diseases. Environmental factors, such as medications, long-term and repeated stressful situations, and diet, are also of great importance. Interestingly, it is not uncommon for a bacterial or viral infection to be a factor contributing to the development of autoimmune diseases. Periodontal disease is an opportunistic but also chronic infection, which may have an influence on the systemic body condition. The mechanism of the influence of periodontitis as well as bad hygiene on autoimmune diseases in not clear. It is suggested that not only a microbial component but also oxidative stress could be a factor. There are some autoimmune diseases that are probably related to oral infection, such as diabetes type 1, psoriasis, rheumatoid inflammation, multiple sclerosis, thyroid diseases, Raynaud syndrome, and Sjogren disease.

Dr. Marzena Wyganowska-Swiatkowska
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • periodontitis
  • oral hygiene
  • autoimmune disease
  • diabetes type 1
  • psoriasis
  • rheumatoid infllammation
  • multiple sclerosis
  • thyroid disease

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 3834 KiB  
Article
Analysis of the Clinical Status and Treatment of Facial Cellulitis of Odontogenic Origin in Pediatric Patients
by Adrianna Słotwińska-Pawlaczyk, Bogusława Orzechowska-Wylęgała, Katarzyna Latusek and Anna Maria Roszkowska
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(6), 4874; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20064874 - 10 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2818
Abstract
The most common cause of the development of odontogenic infection is untreated dental caries, which initially leads to pulpitis. If an odontogenic infection is left untreated, it will pass through the limiting bone plate and will infiltrate deeper structures. Odontogenic infections are different [...] Read more.
The most common cause of the development of odontogenic infection is untreated dental caries, which initially leads to pulpitis. If an odontogenic infection is left untreated, it will pass through the limiting bone plate and will infiltrate deeper structures. Odontogenic infections are different in adults and children. The study was conducted at the Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology and Pediatric Head and Neck Surgery of Upper Silesian Children’s Health Center in Katowice in the 2020–2022. We included 27 patients aged 2–16 in the study. Patients were diagnosed with an active, acute odontogenic inflammatory process in the head and neck area. We assessed pain, trismus, extraoral and intraoral swelling and the level of CRP [C Reactive Protein], WBC [White Blood Cells], NLR [Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio], D-dimers and Prealbumins. The results were analyzed in terms of the location of the source of inflammation: maxilla or mandible and the type of source of infection: deciduous tooth or permanent tooth. Deciduous teeth are more often the cause of odontogenic infection in the maxilla, while permanent teeth in the mandible. Trismus, extraoral, and intraoral swelling occurred in all infections caused by permanent teeth. The CRP and NLR ratio is statistically higher in infection, which originates from permanent teeth. The mean hospitalization time was also longer for infections from permanent teeth 3.42 days than for deciduous teeth 2.2 days. The varied clinical picture of odontogenic infections in children requires periodic analyzes of statistical data related to epidemiology, etiology, and symptomatology in order to update diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Inflammation and Chronic Autoimmune Diseases)
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8 pages, 305 KiB  
Article
Better Gingival Status in Patients with Comorbidity of Type 1 Diabetes and Thyroiditis in Comparison with Patients with Type 1 Diabetes and No Thyroid Disease—A Preliminary Study
by Anna Duda-Sobczak, Dorota Zozulinska-Ziolkiewicz and Marzena Wyganowska
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 3008; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20043008 - 9 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1135
Abstract
Periodontal disease has been postulated as one of the chronic complications of diabetes. The prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is higher. The aim of the study was to determine the association between the presence of thyroiditis and gingival status [...] Read more.
Periodontal disease has been postulated as one of the chronic complications of diabetes. The prevalence of autoimmune thyroiditis in type 1 diabetes (T1D) is higher. The aim of the study was to determine the association between the presence of thyroiditis and gingival status in adults with T1D. A total of 264 patients, 119 men aged 18–45, diagnosed with T1D were included. For further analysis, the study group was divided into two subgroups, with or without autoimmune thyroiditis. Gingival status was assessed with the use of gingival indices. Patients diagnosed with T1D and thyroiditis presented lower plaque accumulation (p = 0.01) and lower-grade gingivitis (p = 0.02). Approximal Plaque Index (API) in all study groups correlated positively with age (Rs = 0.24; p = 0.0001), body mass index (BMI) (Rs = 0.22; p = 0.0008), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (Rs = 0.18; p = 0.006), high-sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hsCRP) (Rs = 0.17; p = 0.009), total cholesterol (T-Chol) (Rs = 0.17; p = 0.01) and negatively with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (Rs = −0.2; p = 0.02). Stepwise multivariate linear regression analysis indicated TSH, BMI and gender as independent predictors of dental plaque accumulation in patients with T1D. Autoimmune thyroiditis was associated with a lower accumulation of dental plaque and better gingival status in patients with T1D. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Inflammation and Chronic Autoimmune Diseases)
9 pages, 977 KiB  
Article
Reduction in Gingival Bleeding after Atelocollagen Injection in Patients with Hashimoto’s Disease—A Pilot Study
by Sylwia Klewin-Steinböck and Marzena Wyganowska
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(4), 2954; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20042954 - 8 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1137
Abstract
Periodontal diseases are one of the main causes of tooth loss and the second most common oral disease after carries. Patients with autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto’s disease, are more often vulnerable to infection. In the study group of patients, despite the lack [...] Read more.
Periodontal diseases are one of the main causes of tooth loss and the second most common oral disease after carries. Patients with autoimmune diseases, such as Hashimoto’s disease, are more often vulnerable to infection. In the study group of patients, despite the lack of other signs of gingivitis, bleeding occurred after tooth brushing or minor trauma. Bleeding on probing is the first objective sign of ongoing inflammation. The study was conducted on a group of 17 patients diagnosed with Hashimoto’s disease. The atelocollagen Linerase (100 mg) thinned with 5 mL 0.9% NaCl was used. A total of 0.05 mL of solution was injected into keratinized gingiva, two millimeters above the gingival papillae basement, four times in two-week intervals. The greatest decrease in the number of bleeding points was observed after the first and second injections of atelocollagen. After the third and fourth injections, the average BOP continued to decrease, but the decline was very slow. The use of atelocollagen made it possible to eliminate bleeding symptoms in the study group. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Inflammation and Chronic Autoimmune Diseases)
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7 pages, 1743 KiB  
Communication
Immunopathological Assessment of the Oral Mucosa in Dermatitis Herpetiformis
by Agnieszka Mania-Końsko, Elżbieta Szponar, Aleksandra Dańczak-Pazdrowska, Monika Bowszyc-Dmochowska, Jakub Pazdrowski and Marzena Wyganowska
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(3), 2524; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20032524 - 31 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1201
Abstract
Dermatitis herpetiformis (Duhring’s disease, DH) is a chronic blistering cutaneous condition with pruritic polymorphic lesions, consisting of vesicles, papules or nodules and erythema, found predominantly on the extensor surfaces of the limbs, buttocks, and neck. Diagnosis is based on characteristic clinical and immunopathological [...] Read more.
Dermatitis herpetiformis (Duhring’s disease, DH) is a chronic blistering cutaneous condition with pruritic polymorphic lesions, consisting of vesicles, papules or nodules and erythema, found predominantly on the extensor surfaces of the limbs, buttocks, and neck. Diagnosis is based on characteristic clinical and immunopathological findings. Oral manifestations of DH have rarely been described. The aim of the study was to evaluate IgA, IgG, IgM and C3 complement deposits in the oral mucosa in DH patients. Direct immunofluorescence (DIF) was performed on the oral mucosa specimens collected from 10 DH patients. Biopsy was taken in a local anesthesia from perilesional site from the buccal mucosa and then preserved in a standard procedure using polyclonal rabbit IgG, IgA, IgM and C3 antibodies. Granular IgA and C3 deposits were found in 6 patients (60%), and in 3 subjects (30%) the result was indeterminate. Significant fluorescence of the deposits along the basement membrane was observed in 2 patients, moderate fluorescence in 3 patients, and in 4 cases the result was indeterminate. C3 deposits were found in 5 subjects (50%), 3 of them being moderate and 2 indeterminate. No IgM and IgG deposits were detected in the collected buccal mucosa specimens. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Inflammation and Chronic Autoimmune Diseases)
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12 pages, 3985 KiB  
Case Report
HIV-Associated Systemic Sclerosis: Literature Review and a Rare Case Report
by Shamimul Hasan, Mohd. Aqil and Rajat Panigrahi
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(16), 10066; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191610066 - 15 Aug 2022
Viewed by 2562
Abstract
Highly antiretroviral therapy (HAART) used in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) treatment may prolong the life span of people living with HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) but may also induce the onset of autoimmune disorders. However, HIV-associated systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an extremely rare [...] Read more.
Highly antiretroviral therapy (HAART) used in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) treatment may prolong the life span of people living with HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) but may also induce the onset of autoimmune disorders. However, HIV-associated systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an extremely rare occurrence, and only four case reports and two studies documenting this association have been reported to date. We report a rare case of HIV-associated SSc who was referred to us for pain management in her mandibular teeth. A 44-year-old female patient diagnosed with HIV-associated SSc reported a complaint of pain in the lower posterior teeth region. Physical examination revealed typical features of SSc. The pain in her mandibular teeth was due to food lodgement, and she was advised to use toothpaste with a powered toothbrush and mouth stretching exercises, followed by oral prophylaxis. The patient responded well to therapy. HIV-associated SSc is an extremely rare occurrence, with an obscure pathogenic mechanism of HIV-associated autoimmunity. Oral physicians play a crucial role in disease management and should be incorporated into the multidisciplinary team. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Inflammation and Chronic Autoimmune Diseases)
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