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Exercise as Prescription in Non-communicable Chronic Diseases and in Athletes
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Exercise as Prescription in Non-communicable Chronic Diseases and in Athletes

A special issue of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (ISSN 1660-4601). This special issue belongs to the section "Exercise and Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 March 2023) | Viewed by 6674

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Laura Stefani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Sport Medicine Center, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50121 Florence, Italy
Interests: physical exercise; training; non-communicable chronic diseases; sedentary time; cardio-metabolic and inflammatory risk biomarkers; nutritional integration; functional evaluation; long term efficacy of physical exercise; exercise prescription in non-communicable chronic disease and in solid organ transplantations; cardiotoxicity; echocardiographic deformation parameters

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The prescription of exercise is a new field of interest in the sports medicine discipline, aiming to restore normal lifestyles and to prolong survival in populations such as previous cancer or transplant patients. The continuation of frailty and the elevated risk of cardiovascular disease in these populations, despite undergoing pharmacological or surgical treatment, are the main reasons why individualized exercise prescription programs are used.

This aspect is also important for some professional athletes with comorbidities, which must be addressed in order for these athletes to have good lifestyles and healthy behaviours, including nutritional aspects.  

Many strategies can be recommended for appropriate and specific training in all individuals. Authors are invited to submit papers regarding exercise evaluation and prescriptions in patients, healthy subjects, and athletes undergoing exercise prescription therapy. Additionally, studies that use instrumental non-invasive investigations to evaluate the potential cardiotoxicity of subjects enrolled in a program, such as echocardiographic examinations or heart rate variability tests, can be included in this SI.   

Dr. Laura Stefani
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2500 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • renal, liver, and heart post-transplant exercise programs
    o home-based exercise
    o strength training
    o exercise intensity
    o exercise duration
    o interval training exercise
  • metabolic chronic disease
    o cardiovascular diseases
    o cancer
    o metabolic diseases
    o musculoskeletal diseases
    o mental disorders
    o chronic pain
    o chronic communicable diseases (COVID)
    o frailty
  • the prevention of various adverse conditions in professional athletes
    o disease development
    o mortality
    o disease complications
    o functional limitations
  • exercise and health care systems: echocardiographic deformation parameters 
    o integrated care
    o practicability and manageability
    o cardiotoxocity

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

4 pages, 704 KiB  
Editorial
From Strain toward Hyperdoppler Echocardiographic Evaluation in Sports Medicine
by Laura Stefani
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(13), 7702; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19137702 - 23 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1016
Abstract
Sports medicine is often involved in the evaluation of a wide population composed by active or less active individuals [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise as Prescription in Non-communicable Chronic Diseases and in Athletes)
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Research

Jump to: Editorial

12 pages, 675 KiB  
Article
Psychological Intervention Based on Mental Relaxation to Manage Stress in Female Junior Elite Soccer Team: Improvement in Cardiac Autonomic Control, Perception of Stress and Overall Health
by Eleonora Pagani, Naomi Gavazzoni, Giuseppina Bernardelli, Mara Malacarne, Nadia Solaro, Emanuele Giusti, Gianluca Castelnuovo, Piero Volpi, Giulia Carimati and Daniela Lucini
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2023, 20(2), 942; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20020942 - 4 Jan 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2035
Abstract
Chronic stress may represent one of the most important factors that negatively affects the health and performance of athletes. Finding a way to introduce psychological strategies to manage stress in everyday training routines is challenging, particularly in junior teams. We also must consider [...] Read more.
Chronic stress may represent one of the most important factors that negatively affects the health and performance of athletes. Finding a way to introduce psychological strategies to manage stress in everyday training routines is challenging, particularly in junior teams. We also must consider that a stress management intervention should be regarded as “efficacious” only if its application results in improvement of the complex underlying pathogenetic substratum, which considers mechanistically interrelated factors, such as immunological, endocrine and autonomic controls further to psychological functioning and behavior. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of implementing, in a standard training routine of the junior team of the Italian major soccer league, a stress management program based on mental relaxation training (MRT). We evaluated its effects on stress perception and cardiac autonomic regulation as assessed by means of ANSI, a single composite percentile-ranked proxy of autonomic balance, which is free of gender and age bias, economical, and simple to apply in a clinical setting. We observed that the simple employed MRT intervention was feasible in a female junior soccer team and was associated with a reduced perception of stress, an improved perception of overall health, and a betterment of cardiac autonomic control. This data may corroborate the scientific literature that indicates psychological intervention based on MRT as an efficacious strategy to improve performance, managing negative stress effects on cardiac autonomic control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise as Prescription in Non-communicable Chronic Diseases and in Athletes)
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7 pages, 314 KiB  
Article
Side Bioimpedance Analysis in Menopausal Post-Oncological Breast Cancer
by Giuseppe Bifolco, Antonio Pinazzi, Vittorio Bini and Laura Stefani
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(18), 11329; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191811329 - 9 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1567
Abstract
Background: Post-oncological BC (breast cancer) has an increased cardiovascular risk due to the variation of some anthropometric parameters. This study investigates the differences between a quadrantectomy and a mastectomy on the body composition over time in presence of a breast prothesis. Methods: A [...] Read more.
Background: Post-oncological BC (breast cancer) has an increased cardiovascular risk due to the variation of some anthropometric parameters. This study investigates the differences between a quadrantectomy and a mastectomy on the body composition over time in presence of a breast prothesis. Methods: A group of BC patients (n = 41 aged 56.6 ± 9.5 years; 15 mastectomy patients; and 26 quadrantectomy patients) were compared to controls (C) (n = 22 aged 46.5 ± 13.44 years). Through bioimpedance analysis (Akern-BIA 101), the body mass index (BMI), total body water (TBW), extracellular water (ECW), body cell mass (BCM), fat mass (FM), free fat mass (FFM), and angle phase (PA) were compared within each group and between different groups using the Student’s Test T. Results: The BC group showed lower values of FFM and TBW compared to C. The FFM was significantly (p = 0.04) lower in those with quadrantectomy. The right hemisome of the quadrantectomy has increased values of FFM, BCM (p = 0.04) and TBW compared to the counter-lateral hemisome, and FM values (p = 0.0008) lower than the counter-lateral. The hemisome with intervention has increased values of FM and ECW compared to the counter lateral, as well the FFM, BCM, TBW, and PA. Conclusions: The results support the hypothesis that non-conservative surgical treatment (mastectomy) is associated with a better BIA profile without any substantial impact of breast implants in the body composition analysis. The awareness of a severe diseases could play a role to ameliorate lifestyle; however, further studies will be necessary to support this theory. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise as Prescription in Non-communicable Chronic Diseases and in Athletes)
10 pages, 596 KiB  
Article
Echocardiographic Characterization of Left Heart Morphology and Function in Highly Trained Male Judo Athletes
by Jelena Slankamenac, Aleksandra Milovancev, Aleksandar Klasnja, Tamara Gavrilovic, Damir Sekulic, Marijana Geets Kesic, Tatjana Trivic, Violeta Kolarov and Patrik Drid
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2022, 19(14), 8842; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148842 - 21 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1531
Abstract
The long-term practice of judo can lead to various changes in the heart including increased dimensions of the left ventricle in diastole and thickening of the interventricular septum and the posterior wall of the left ventricle. This study aimed to assess left ventricular [...] Read more.
The long-term practice of judo can lead to various changes in the heart including increased dimensions of the left ventricle in diastole and thickening of the interventricular septum and the posterior wall of the left ventricle. This study aimed to assess left ventricular morphology and function in elite male judokas. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted that included a total of 20 subjects, 10 judokas, and 10 healthy non-athletes aged 24 ± 2.85 years. Demographic and anthropometric data were analyzed. All subjects underwent a medical examination and a two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiogram. Different parameters of left ventricular morphology and function were measured and compared between athletes and non-athletes. Left ventricle mass and LV mass index were higher in judokas than in non-athletes (p < 0.05), as well as PW thickness (9.78 ± 0.89 mm vs. 8.95 ± 0.76 mm). A total of six (n = 6) of athletes had eccentric hypertrophy, while others had normal heart geometry. LVEDd, LVEDs, LVEDd/BSA, and LVEDs/BSA were significantly higher in judokas (p < 0.05). LVEDd in athletes ranged from 48 to 62 mm. These values, combined with normal diastolic function, ejection fraction, and shortening fraction, indicate that the judokas’ cardiac adaptation was physiological rather than pathological. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise as Prescription in Non-communicable Chronic Diseases and in Athletes)
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