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Horticulturae
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Abiotic Stress Responses in Ornamental Crops: The State of the...
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Abiotic Stress Responses in Ornamental Crops: The State of the Art 2024

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Floriculture, Nursery and Landscape, and Turf".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 26 July 2024 | Viewed by 4472

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yang Zhou

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Guest Editor
Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
Interests: abiotic stress response; transcriptional regulation; gene expression and protein interaction
Dr. Weixin Liu

E-Mail
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou 311400, China
Interests: flavonoids metabolism; abiotic stresses responses; phytohormone regulation
Dr. Yunxiao Guan

E-Mail
Guest Editor
College of Landscape Architecture and Art, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
Interests: genetic breeding; molecular biology; flowering regulation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Abiotic stresses, such as high temperatures, cold, drought and salt, are important factors affecting the yield and quality of ornamental crops. Improving the stress resistance of ornamental crops is an important goal of breeding, and it is necessary for scientific research to serve production. Therefore, the study of the resistance mechanisms of ornamental crops and the use of the latest molecular biology technology to uncover resistance genes is of great importance for improving the production quality of ornamental crops and breeding new resistant varieties.

The purpose of this Special Issue “Abiotic Stress Responses in Ornamental Crops: The State of the Art 2024” is to present the latest advances in the research of ornamental crops in response to abiotic stresses, including but not limited to physiological responses and molecular mechanisms. Any innovative articles on the abiotic stress responses of ornamental crops are welcome in this Special Issue.

Dr. Yang Zhou
Dr. Weixin Liu
Dr. Yunxiao Guan
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • abiotic stress
  • resistance breeding
  • physiological response
  • molecular mechanism
  • transcriptional regulation

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2923 KiB  
Article
Effects of Progressive Drought Stress on the Growth, Ornamental Values, and Physiological Properties of Begonia semperflorens
by Zhimin Zhao, Airong Liu, Yuanbing Zhang, Xiaodong Yang, Shuyue Yang and Kunkun Zhao
Horticulturae 2024, 10(4), 405; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10040405 - 16 Apr 2024
Viewed by 236
Abstract
Water is one of the most important elements affecting the growth of ornamental plants. To investigate the effects of drought stress on the growth, ornamental values, and physiological properties of Begonia semperflorens, watering treatments with 250 mL (control check, CK), 200 mL [...] Read more.
Water is one of the most important elements affecting the growth of ornamental plants. To investigate the effects of drought stress on the growth, ornamental values, and physiological properties of Begonia semperflorens, watering treatments with 250 mL (control check, CK), 200 mL (extremely light drought, ELD), 150 mL (light drought, LD), 100 mL (moderate drought, MD), 50 mL (severe drought, SD), and 25 mL (extremely severe drought, ESD) on the B. semperflorens variety “Chao Ao” were performed in this study. As a result, compared to the control (CK), the number of flowers, leaves, and branches, leaf size, plant height, crown diameter, as well as water content, transpiration rate, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, and chlorophyll content in leaves decreased, followed by an increased amount of drought stress. The contents of the osmotic adjustment substances, such as soluble sugar, soluble protein, proline, and betaine, were increased under drought stress. Indicators related to antioxidant activities, such as SOD activity, increased and then decreased. The POD activity, CAT activity, MDA content, and plasma membrane permeability of B. semperflorens were higher under increased drought stress than in the control condition. The APX activity decreased and then increased under drought stress. In conclusion, B. semperflorens responds to drought stress by increasing osmotic adjustment substances and antioxidant activities and reducing the water loss, growth potential, and photosynthetic rate. The correlation analysis showed that, except for APX, the drought resistance coefficients of 23 other indexes were correlated in different degrees. Therefore, this study suggests that B. semperflorens has a strong drought resistance ability, retaining high ornamental values in conditions of moderate drought stress, and can still survive under extremely high drought stress. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abiotic Stress Responses in Ornamental Crops: The State of the Art 2024)
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18 pages, 5923 KiB  
Article
Response of Dahlia Photosynthesis and Transpiration to High-Temperature Stress
by Jing-Jing Liu, Ying-Chan Zhang, Shan-Ce Niu, Li-Hong Hao, Wen-Bin Yu, Duan-Fen Chen and Di-Ying Xiang
Horticulturae 2023, 9(9), 1047; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9091047 - 18 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1013
Abstract
The high temperature may cause difficult growth or bloom in the summer, which is the key problem limiting the cultivation and application of dahlia. The photosynthetic physiological mechanisms of dahlia under high temperature stress were studied to provide a theoretical basis for expanding [...] Read more.
The high temperature may cause difficult growth or bloom in the summer, which is the key problem limiting the cultivation and application of dahlia. The photosynthetic physiological mechanisms of dahlia under high temperature stress were studied to provide a theoretical basis for expanding the application range of cultivation and annual production. Two dahlia varieties, ‘Tampico’ and ‘Hypnotica Tropical Breeze’, were used as test materials and were treated for 1 d or 2 d at temperatures of 35/30 °C or 40/35 °C (day/night: 14 h/10 h) and then recovered at 25/20 °C for 7 d. A 25/20 °C treatment was used as the control. The results are as follows: (1) High-temperature stress resulted in the chlorophyll (Chl) content, Fv/Fm, transpiration rate (Tr), net photosynthetic rate (Pn), and water potential decreasing significantly, and the Chl content, Tr, and stomatal density of ‘Tampico’ were higher than those of ‘Hypnotica Tropical Breeze’ during the same period. (2) After the two dahlia varieties were treated with high-temperature stress and recovered at 25/20 °C for 7 d, the plant morphology and various physiological indices under the 35/30 °C treatment gradually returned to normal, with ‘Tampico’ in better condition than ‘Hypnotica Tropical Breeze’. (3) Both dahlia varieties could not withstand the stress of 40/35 °C for 2 days. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abiotic Stress Responses in Ornamental Crops: The State of the Art 2024)
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14 pages, 2228 KiB  
Article
A B-Box Transcription Factor CoBBX24 from Camellia oleifera Delays Leaf Senescence and Enhances Drought Tolerance in Arabidopsis
by Yanan Liu, Zhiguo Zhu, Yang Wu, Yinxiang Gao, Lisha Zhang, Changshuai Yu, Sicheng Ye and Wenxin Liu
Horticulturae 2023, 9(9), 991; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9090991 - 01 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 787
Abstract
Plants face various biotic and abiotic stress factors during their growth and development, among which, drought is a serious adverse factor that affects yield and quality in agriculture and forestry. Several transcription factors are involved in regulating plant responses to drought stress. In [...] Read more.
Plants face various biotic and abiotic stress factors during their growth and development, among which, drought is a serious adverse factor that affects yield and quality in agriculture and forestry. Several transcription factors are involved in regulating plant responses to drought stress. In this study, the B-box (BBX) transcription factor CoBBX24 was cloned from Camellia oleifera. This gene encodes a 241-amino-acid polypeptide containing two B-box domains at the N-terminus. A phylogenetic analysis revealed that CoBBX24 and CsBBX24 from Camellia sinensis are in the same branch, with their amino acid sequences being identical by 96.96%. CoBBX24 was localized to the nucleus and acted as a transcriptional activator. The overexpression of CoBBX24 in Arabidopsis heightened its drought tolerance along with a relatively high survival rate, and the rate of water loss in the OX-CoBBX24 lines was observably lower than that of the wild-type. Compared to the wild-type, the root lengths of the OX-CoBBX24 lines were significantly inhibited with abscisic acid. Leaf senescence was delayed in the OX-CoBBX24 lines treated with abscisic acid. The expression of genes related to leaf senescence and chlorophyll breakdown (e.g., SAG12, SAG29, NYC1, NYE1, and NYE2) was downregulated in the OX-CoBBX24 lines. This study indicated that CoBBX24 positively regulates the drought tolerance in Arabidopsis through delayed leaf senescence. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abiotic Stress Responses in Ornamental Crops: The State of the Art 2024)
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14 pages, 8960 KiB  
Article
Genome-Wide Identification of Fatty Acyl-CoA Reductase (FAR) Genes in Dendrobium catenatum and Their Response to Drought Stress
by Yutong Ren, Peng Wang, Tingting Zhang, Wen Liu, Yujuan Wang, Jun Dai and Yang Zhou
Horticulturae 2023, 9(9), 982; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9090982 - 31 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 832
Abstract
Dendrobium catenatum is a high-value medicinal plant that is predominantly found in high mountain areas, thriving amidst cliffs and rock crevices. However, its wild resources face constant threats from adverse environmental conditions, especially drought stress. Fatty acyl-CoA reductase (FAR) is crucial in plant [...] Read more.
Dendrobium catenatum is a high-value medicinal plant that is predominantly found in high mountain areas, thriving amidst cliffs and rock crevices. However, its wild resources face constant threats from adverse environmental conditions, especially drought stress. Fatty acyl-CoA reductase (FAR) is crucial in plant drought resistance, but there is a lack of research on FAR genes in D. catenatum. In this study, the FAR family genes were identified from the D. catenatum genome. Their genomic characteristics were investigated using bioinformatics techniques, and their expression patterns in different tissues and under 20% PEG8000 conditions mimicking drought stress were analyzed using quantitative real-time RT-PCR (RT-qPCR). Seven DcFAR genes were identified from the D. catenatum genome. The encoded amino acids range between 377 and 587 aa, with molecular weights between 43.41 and 66.15 kD and isoelectric points between 5.55 and 9.02. Based on the phylogenetic relationships, the FAR family genes were categorized into three subgroups, each with similar conserved sequences and gene structures. The cis-acting elements of the promoter regions were assessed, and the results reveal that the DcFAR upstream promoter region contains multiple stress-related elements, suggesting its potential involvement in abiotic stress responses. The RT-qPCR results show distinct expression patterns of DcFAR genes in various plant tissues. It was observed that the expression of most DcFAR genes was upregulated under drought stress. Among them, the expression levels of DcFAR2, DcFAR3, DcFAR5, and DcFAR7 genes under drought stress were 544-, 193-, 183-, and 214-fold higher compared to the control, respectively. These results indicate that DcFAR2/3/5/7 might play significant roles in D. catenatum drought tolerance. This research offers insight into the function of DcFAR genes and provides theoretical support for breeding drought-resistant D. catenatum varieties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abiotic Stress Responses in Ornamental Crops: The State of the Art 2024)
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29 pages, 10634 KiB  
Article
Transcriptomic and Metabolomic Analyses of Seedlings of Two Grape Cultivars with Distinct Tolerance Responses to Flooding and Post-Flooding Stress Conditions
by Yanjie Peng, Jinli Chen, Wenjie Long, Pan He, Qi Zhou, Xia Hu, Yong Zhou and Ying Zheng
Horticulturae 2023, 9(9), 980; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9090980 - 30 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 959
Abstract
Grapes, an important and widespread fruit crop providing multiple products, face increasing flooding risks due to intense and frequent extreme rainfall. It is thus imperative to fully understand the flood-tolerance mechanisms of grapevines. Here, RNA-seq and LC-MS/MS technologies were used to analyze the [...] Read more.
Grapes, an important and widespread fruit crop providing multiple products, face increasing flooding risks due to intense and frequent extreme rainfall. It is thus imperative to fully understand the flood-tolerance mechanisms of grapevines. Here, RNA-seq and LC-MS/MS technologies were used to analyze the transcriptome and metabolome changes in the roots of SO4 (tolerant to flooding) and Kyoho (sensitive to flooding) grapes under flooding and post-flooding conditions. The results showed that the abundance of many metabolites in the phenylpropanoids and polyketides, organic acids and their derivatives, and organic oxygen compounds superclasses changed in different patterns between the Kyoho and SO4 grapes under flooding and post-flooding conditions. Jasmonic acid and the ascorbic acid–glutathione cycle played a pivotal role in coping with both hypoxia stress and reoxygenation stress incurred during flooding and post-flooding treatments in the SO4 cultivar. Under flooding stress, the regulatory mechanistic shift from aerobic respiration to anaerobic fermentation under hypoxia is partly missing in the Kyoho cultivar. In the post-flooding stage, many genes related to ethylene, gibberellins, cytokinins, and brassinosteroids biosynthesis and brassinosteroids-responsive genes were significantly downregulated in the Kyoho cultivar, adversely affecting growth recovery; however, their expression was not reduced in the SO4 cultivar. These findings enhance our understanding of the flooding-tolerance mechanisms in grapes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Abiotic Stress Responses in Ornamental Crops: The State of the Art 2024)
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