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Horticulturae
Special Issues
Innovative Micropropagation of Horticultural and Medicinal Plants
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Innovative Micropropagation of Horticultural and Medicinal Plants

A special issue of Horticulturae (ISSN 2311-7524). This special issue belongs to the section "Propagation and Seeds".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 October 2024 | Viewed by 3860

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Biljana K. Filipović

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Guest Editor
Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: plant biotechnology; in vitro propagation of plants; morphogenesis in vitro; arabinogalactan proteins; specialized metabolism and metabolic engineering; plant stress responses
Dr. Milana Trifunović Momčilov

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Physiology, Institute for Biological Research “Siniša Stanković”—National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Interests: abiotic stress; endogenous phytohormone; morphogenesis in vitro; secondary metabolites; biotechnology; plant cell; tissue; organ culture

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Micropropagation is a plant tissue culture technique used for clonal mass propagation under aseptic and controlled conditions. The main advantage of micropropagation is the rapid multiplication of high quality, disease-free plants throughout the year, starting from a small amount of initial plant tissue. Clonally propagated plants are genetically uniform, which enables desirable trait preservation of the chosen elite germplasm, and the cultivation of high-yielding chemotypes. Tissue culture technology has been applied to the large-scale production of many economically important plants, such as horticultural, silvicultural, and medicinal plants. However, the multiplication rate can be affected by various factors and limitations. This can be overcome by the development and application of new approaches to increase the production of biomass and specialized metabolites, and to reduce the overall costs, such as via novel lighting and low-cost systems, e.g., LEDs, bioreactor-based culture systems, and different elicitors (plasma treatment, etc.). Therefore, innovative tissue culture technologies can enable the development of efficient, reliable, and sustainable micropropagation protocols optimized for specific plant species. Micropropagation technology is a valuable tool for the fundamental study of basic plant developmental processes, for the screening of abiotic and biotic stresses, for the in vitro conservation of rare and endangered plant species, and for the production of specialized metabolites.

This Special Issue of Horticulturae aims to highlight innovative techniques and practices for improving the micropropagation systems of horticultural, silvicultural, and medicinal plants. Original research articles and reviews that address diverse applications of micropropagation are welcome.

Dr. Biljana K. Filipović
Dr. Milana Trifunović Momčilov
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Horticulturae is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • in vitro propagation
  • somatic embryogenesis
  • organogenesis
  • plant hormones
  • secondary metabolites
  • elicitors
  • cryopreservation
  • abiotic and biotic stresses

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2938 KiB  
Article
Exploring the Production of Secondary Metabolites from a Halophyte Tetragonia tetragonoides through Callus Culture
by Ka Youn Lee, Do-Hyeon Nam, Yongsam Jeon, Sang Un Park, Jongki Cho, Md Ashrafuzzaman Gulandaz, Sun-Ok Chung and Geung-Joo Lee
Horticulturae 2024, 10(3), 244; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10030244 - 03 Mar 2024
Viewed by 709
Abstract
Considering Korea’s gradual shift toward an aging society, consumer interest in compounds with physiological benefits, including antioxidant and anticancer effects, has surged. This study explored the potential of Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kunze, commonly known as New Zealand Spinach (NZS), a halophyte with reported [...] Read more.
Considering Korea’s gradual shift toward an aging society, consumer interest in compounds with physiological benefits, including antioxidant and anticancer effects, has surged. This study explored the potential of Tetragonia tetragonoides (Pall.) Kunze, commonly known as New Zealand Spinach (NZS), a halophyte with reported health benefits, including efficacy in treating gastrointestinal diseases, high blood pressure, diabetes, and obesity. This study also introduced a novel callus culture system for NZS, allowing for the rapid in vitro production of secondary metabolites. Optimal callus induction (100%) and biomass production (0.416 g) were achieved by adding 2.0 mg·L−1 6-BA (6-Benzylaminopurine) and 0.5 mg·L−1 2,4-D (2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) among five auxin and cytokinin combinations. Two distinct callus types, TGC [TDZ (Thidiazuron)-supplemented Green Callus] and TNYC [TDZ + NAA (Naphthalene acetic acid)-supplemented Yellow Callus], were identified, each with unique characteristics. The calli showed total phenolic and flavonoid contents comparable to those of NZS leaves grown in the greenhouse. An expression analysis of six genes (CHS, CHI, F3H, F3′H, FLS, and DFR) involved in the kaempferol biosynthesis revealed an enhanced flavonoid biosynthesis-related gene expression in TGC, emphasizing its potential for compound production. GC-MS analysis identified distinct compound profiles in TGC and TNYC, with 2,3-butanediol and succinic acid being the predominant compounds among the nine and forty-four components, respectively. These calli offer a stable supply of functional compounds and present an environmentally sustainable solution. The derived callus culture system is anticipated to contribute to the development of healthy functional foods or pharmaceuticals from halophyte NZS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Micropropagation of Horticultural and Medicinal Plants)
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14 pages, 12242 KiB  
Article
Unlocking the Potential of In Vitro Photoautotrophy for Eryngium foetidum: Biomass, Morphophysiology, and Acclimatization
by Darlyara Reis Silva, Marion Nayon Braga Soares, Maria Cristina Rocha Silva, Mariana Costa Lima, Vitória Karla de Oliveira Silva-Moraes, Givago Lopes Alves, Anyela Marcela Ríos-Ríos, Aldilene da Silva Lima, Marcos Vinícius Marques Pinheiro, Thais Roseli Corrêa, Diego Silva Batista, Fábio Afonso Mazzei Moura de Assis Figueiredo, Fabrício de Oliveira Reis, Tiago Massi Ferraz and Sérgio Heitor Sousa Felipe
Horticulturae 2024, 10(1), 107; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10010107 - 22 Jan 2024
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Abstract
Eryngium foetidum L., a biennial herb with diverse applications in food and traditional medicine, holds economic and pharmacological significance. Given its growing commercial interest, implementing biotechnological approaches like plant tissue culture is vital for sustainable propagation and metabolite production. In this study, we [...] Read more.
Eryngium foetidum L., a biennial herb with diverse applications in food and traditional medicine, holds economic and pharmacological significance. Given its growing commercial interest, implementing biotechnological approaches like plant tissue culture is vital for sustainable propagation and metabolite production. In this study, we investigated the in vitro photoautotrophic potential of Eryngium foetidum, examining growth, chlorophyll a fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments, and anatomical features under sucrose concentrations (0 and 30 g L−1) and gas exchange rate (14 and 25 μL L−1 s−1 CO2). Acclimatization and survival rates of plants after ex vitro transfer were also assessed. Eryngium foetidum exhibited robust growth in both photoautotrophic and photomixotrophic conditions, with natural ventilation significantly enhancing plant development. Chlorophyll a fluorescence and photosynthetic performance were influenced by sucrose and gas exchange, highlighting the importance of these factors in plant micropropagation. Moreover, the species demonstrated remarkable plasticity during acclimatization, with high survival rates and rapid inflorescence development. The research provides valuable insights into optimizing in vitro cultivation conditions for Eryngium foetidum, emphasizing the potential for large-scale clonal propagation and exploring secondary metabolites. The observed phenotypic plasticity underscores the adaptability of the species to diverse environments. These biotechnological strategies open avenues for future studies, including the application of elicitors for enhanced secondary metabolite production. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Micropropagation of Horticultural and Medicinal Plants)
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9 pages, 1997 KiB  
Communication
Optimization of In Vitro Regeneration of Pinus peuce (Gris.)
by Dragana Stojičić, Snežana Budimir, Vlado Čokeša and Branka Uzelac
Horticulturae 2024, 10(1), 97; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae10010097 - 19 Jan 2024
Viewed by 749
Abstract
Pinus peuce (Macedonian pine) is considered a valuable ornamental tree that is frequently planted in parks and gardens, especially in Western Europe. This endemic pine is one of the most valuable conifer species in its native range, which currently consists of only two [...] Read more.
Pinus peuce (Macedonian pine) is considered a valuable ornamental tree that is frequently planted in parks and gardens, especially in Western Europe. This endemic pine is one of the most valuable conifer species in its native range, which currently consists of only two disjunct populations restricted to small mountainous areas of the Balkans and is listed as a near-threatened species. The reproduction of Macedonian pine by seed is limited, so in vitro propagation methods have emerged as a promising tool for large-scale propagation. The objective of this study was to develop an improved system for the micropropagation of P. peuce from juvenile plant material using a short-term liquid cytokinin pulse. For that, explants derived from 4-week-old seedlings were pulse-treated with different concentrations of N6-benzyladenine (BA) for 1 or 2 h to stimulate the induction of axillary buds. The highest axillary shoot formation was achieved with 222 µM BA pulse treatment, with an average number of ~six shoots per explant. Elongated shoots (≥10 mm) were detached from the explants and pulse-treated with 0.27 or 1.08 mM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or 0.25 or 0.98 mM indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) for 1 or 2 h. IBA was more effective than NAA and led to a maximum rooting percentage (up to 40%) and the highest number of acclimatized plants (15–20%). Rooted plants were successfully transferred to ex vitro conditions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Micropropagation of Horticultural and Medicinal Plants)
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15 pages, 6072 KiB  
Article
Polyethylene Glycol (PEG)-Induced Dehydration Alters Enzymatic and Non-Enzymatic Components of the Antioxidant Defense System in Nepeta nervosa Royle ex Bentham
by Jasmina Nestorović Živković, Neda Aničić, Dragana Matekalo, Marijana Skorić, Biljana Filipović, Tijana Marković and Slavica Dmitrović
Horticulturae 2023, 9(12), 1277; https://doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae9121277 - 28 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 963
Abstract
Plants have developed a variety of defense mechanisms that allow them to recognize and respond to specific stressors by triggering complex signaling networks that cause appropriate biochemical changes to overcome the stress. In this study, we subjected in vitro grown N. nervosa plants [...] Read more.
Plants have developed a variety of defense mechanisms that allow them to recognize and respond to specific stressors by triggering complex signaling networks that cause appropriate biochemical changes to overcome the stress. In this study, we subjected in vitro grown N. nervosa plants to PEG-induced dehydration stress for 1 day (1DPT), 3 days (3DPT) and 6 days (6DPT). Our study investigated antioxidant enzyme activities, including catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), unveiling dynamic responses to PEG-induced water stress. CAT levels increased initially (1DPT) but declined with prolonged treatment; while POX activity significantly increased at 3DPT and 6DPT; and SOD, particularly the Mn-SOD3 isoform, demonstrated a substantial increase, emphasizing its role in the enzymatic free-radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, examination of the phenolic acid content revealed that rosmarinic acid (RA) was the predominant phenolic compound, followed by chlorogenic acid (CHLA), while ferulic acid (FA) and caffeic acid (CAFFA) were present in lower concentrations. Notably, PEG-induced dehydration significantly boosted RA content in N. nervosa plants at 3DPT. This increase highlights the plant’s response to oxidative stress conditions and its role in non-enzymatic antioxidant defense mechanisms. These findings significantly contribute to our comprehension of N. nervosa’s adaptive strategies under PEG-induced dehydration stress, offering valuable insights into plant stress physiology within industrial and agricultural contexts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Innovative Micropropagation of Horticultural and Medicinal Plants)
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