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Genomic Technology Applied to Poultry Research
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Genomic Technology Applied to Poultry Research

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2020) | Viewed by 5942

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maria Siwek

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
UTP, University of Science and Technology, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Interests: animal structural genomics; animal functional genomics
Dr. Anna Slawinska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Basic and Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland
Interests: avian immunology; resilience; gene expression
Dr. Aleksandra Dunisławska

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
UTP, University of Science and Technology, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Interests: animal transcriptomics; epigenetics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Poultry species are commonly used as a source of eggs, meat, and feathers for consumers worldwide. At the same time, poultry species serve as important model organisms in biomedical research.

Poultry has been farmed in all environments and farming systems, which explains its extremely high spectrum of genetic variability. On the one hand, genetic selection led to the development of specialized, highly efficient genetic lines. However, on the other hand, there are still plenty of heritage breeds that are well adapted to local environments and carry unique genetic makeups. In this Special Issue, we focus on various aspects of molecular research applied to gallinaceous poultry and waterfowl. The scope of this Special Issue addresses molecular pathways involved in avian physiology and adaptation. We invite reports that elucidate the genetic underpinnings of complex traits, such as resilience, efficiency, and sustainability. An array of molecular techniques and research approaches are appropriate, including sequencing, transcriptomic and proteomic datasets, and gene expression regulation by environmental or epigenetic factors, as well as gene association studies. In summary, we aim to create a platform for the most up-to-date advances in the field of genetic research applied to poultry.

Dr. Maria Siwek
Dr. Anna Slawinska
Dr. Aleksandra Dunisławska
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Genes is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • poultry
  • chicken
  • quail
  • waterfowl
  • genomics
  • transcriptomics
  • proteomics
  • epigenetics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 13917 KiB  
Article
Transcriptome Response of Liver and Muscle in Heat-Stressed Laying Hens
by Yan Wang, Xinzheng Jia, John C. F. Hsieh, Melissa S. Monson, Jibin Zhang, Dingming Shu, Qinghua Nie, Michael E. Persia, Max F. Rothschild and Susan J. Lamont
Genes 2021, 12(2), 255; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12020255 - 10 Feb 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2762
Abstract
Exposure to high ambient temperature has detrimental effects on poultry welfare and production. Although changes in gene expression due to heat exposure have been well described for broiler chickens, knowledge of the effects of heat on laying hens is still relatively limited. In [...] Read more.
Exposure to high ambient temperature has detrimental effects on poultry welfare and production. Although changes in gene expression due to heat exposure have been well described for broiler chickens, knowledge of the effects of heat on laying hens is still relatively limited. In this study, we profiled the transcriptome for pectoralis major muscle (n = 24) and liver (n = 24), during a 4-week cyclic heating experiment performed on layers in the early phase of egg production. Both heat-control and time-based contrasts were analyzed to determine differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Heat exposure induced different changes in gene expression for the two tissues, and we also observed changes in gene expression over time in the control animals suggesting that metabolic changes occurred during the transition from onset of lay to peak egg production. A total of 73 DEGs in liver were shared between the 3 h heat-control contrast, and the 4-week versus 3 h time contrast in the control group, suggesting a core set of genes that is responsible for maintenance of metabolic homeostasis regardless of the physiologic stressor (heat or commencing egg production). The identified DEGs improve our understanding of the layer’s response to stressors and may serve as targets for genetic selection in the future to improve resilience. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genomic Technology Applied to Poultry Research)
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13 pages, 1186 KiB  
Article
TLR-Mediated Cytokine Gene Expression in Chicken Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells as a Measure to Characterize Immunobiotics
by Anna Slawinska, Aleksandra Dunislawska, Arkadiusz Plowiec, José Gonçalves and Maria Siwek
Genes 2021, 12(2), 195; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes12020195 - 29 Jan 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2605
Abstract
Immunobiotics are probiotics that promote intestinal health by modulating immune responses. Immunobiotics are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and activate cytokine gene expression. This study aimed to characterize cytokine gene expression in the chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with purified TLR [...] Read more.
Immunobiotics are probiotics that promote intestinal health by modulating immune responses. Immunobiotics are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and activate cytokine gene expression. This study aimed to characterize cytokine gene expression in the chicken peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) stimulated with purified TLR ligands and live probiotics. PBMC were isolated from the whole blood. PBMC were stimulated with: lipopolysaccharide (LPS), CpG ODN, Pam3CSK4, Zymosan, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), Lactococcuslactis subsp. cremoris (L. lactis), and Saccharomyces cerevisiae at 42.5 °C and 5% CO2 for 3 h, 6 h, and 9 h. After each time-point, PBMC were harvested for RNA isolation. Relative gene expression was analyzed with RT-qPCR for cytokine genes (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-3, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12p40, and IFN-ɣ) and reference genes (ACTB and G6PDH). Genes were clustered into pro-inflammatory genes, Th1/Th2 genes, and Th1-regulators. The gene expression differed between treatments in IL1-β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12p40 (p < 0.001). The genes IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 had the highest fold change of mRNA expression at 3 h in response to TLR ligands. L. lactis up-regulated the pro-inflammatory genes at the 6 h time-point. L. lactis did not activate the anti-inflammatory IL-10 gene, but activated IL-12p40 at 6 h. Hereby, L. lactis was proven to exert immunostimulatory properties in PBMC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Genomic Technology Applied to Poultry Research)
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