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1. KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban 4001, South Africa
2. Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) / World Health Organization (WHO), Washington, DC, USA
Interests: genomic surveillance; bioinformatics tools; molecular epidemiology; mathematical modeling; genome evolution and climate changes

Dr. Marta Giovanetti

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Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, University of Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Roma, Italy
Interests: genomic surveillance; emerging and remerging viral pathogens; climate changes; molecular epidemiology and mathematical modeling

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Dear Colleagues,

We invite you to contribute your most recent research findings and insights in the form of original research papers, technical advancements, or review articles to this Special Issue of Genes entitled “Emerging and Reemerging Viral Pathogens”. In this Special Issue, we aim to provide new genomic data on viral strains circulating worldwide, and to overview the real-time global evolution of viruses.

Dr. Vagner Fonseca
Dr. Marta Giovanetti
Guest Editors

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Keywords

bioinformatics tools
genome evolution
phylogenetic tree
mathematical modeling

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Open AccessArticle

Molecular Epidemiology and Diversity of SARS-CoV-2 in Ethiopia, 2020–2022

Genes 2023, 14(3), 705; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14030705 - 13 Mar 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2051

Abstract

Ethiopia is the second most populous country in Africa and the sixth most affected by COVID-19 on the continent. Despite having experienced five infection waves, >499,000 cases, and ~7500 COVID-19-related deaths as of January 2023, there is still no detailed genomic epidemiological report on the introduction and spread of SARS-CoV-2 in Ethiopia. In this study, we reconstructed and elucidated the COVID-19 epidemic dynamics. Specifically, we investigated the introduction, local transmission, ongoing evolution, and spread of SARS-CoV-2 during the first four infection waves using 353 high-quality near-whole genomes sampled in Ethiopia. Our results show that whereas viral introductions seeded the first wave, subsequent waves were seeded by local transmission. The B.1.480 lineage emerged in the first wave and notably remained in circulation even after the emergence of the Alpha variant. The B.1.480 was outcompeted by the Delta variant. Notably, Ethiopia’s lack of local sequencing capacity was further limited by sporadic, uneven, and insufficient sampling that limited the incorporation of genomic epidemiology in the epidemic public health response in Ethiopia. These results highlight Ethiopia’s role in SARS-CoV-2 dissemination and the urgent need for balanced, near-real-time genomic sequencing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Emerging and Reemerging Viral Pathogens)

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