Gene Editing in Drosophila to Study Gene Function and Developmental Processes

A special issue of Genes (ISSN 2073-4425). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Genetics and Genomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 April 2024) | Viewed by 1732

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Biology Fg Genetics 190g, University Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany
Interests: development; evolution; Drosophila; Notch signaling pathway; cell–cell communication
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of General Genetics, Institute for Biology 190, University of Hohenheim, 190g, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany
Interests: genetics; gene regulation; Notch signaling; Drosophila; transcriptional super complexes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

For decades, studies on gene function and developmental processes in Drosophila have been dependent on gene mutations, the phenotypic consequences of which have enabled the delineation of respective gene functions and the determination of their impact on developmental processes. Over time, tissue-specific overexpression techniques have been used to study the effects of ectopic gene expression, usually resulting in the opposite phenotype of the mutations. The most recent techniques for genome engineering, including CRISPR/Cas9 applications, now enable gene replacement at the endogenous locus, as well as precise gene editing. These techniques open the avenue to addressing many questions, including the precise structure–function relationships in single proteins or protein complexes, the impact of secondary modifications such as phosphorylation, and gene regulatory networks. In this way, Drosophila, as one of the best established model systems, may serve to address processes of medical importance and, eventually, to facilitate the development of new therapies.

This Special Issue will focus on the application of gene editing approaches to study gene function and developmental processes in Drosophila, with emphasis on medical applications. We welcome submissions of reviews, research articles, and short communications on related topics by 1 October 2023. 

Dr. Dieter Maier
Dr. Anja C. Nagel
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • Drosophila
  • gene engineering
  • CRISPR/Cas9
  • developmental pathways
  • in vivo functional analysis
  • structure–function analyses
  • gene networks

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

26 pages, 10498 KiB  
Article
Novel Genome-Engineered H Alleles Differentially Affect Lateral Inhibition and Cell Dichotomy Processes during Bristle Organ Development
by Tanja C. Mönch, Thomas K. Smylla, Franziska Brändle, Anette Preiss and Anja C. Nagel
Genes 2024, 15(5), 552; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes15050552 (registering DOI) - 26 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Hairless (H) encodes the major antagonist in the Notch signaling pathway, which governs cellular differentiation of various tissues in Drosophila. By binding to the Notch signal transducer Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)), H assembles repressor complexes onto Notch target genes. Using genome engineering, [...] Read more.
Hairless (H) encodes the major antagonist in the Notch signaling pathway, which governs cellular differentiation of various tissues in Drosophila. By binding to the Notch signal transducer Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)), H assembles repressor complexes onto Notch target genes. Using genome engineering, three new H alleles, HFA, HLLAAand HWA were generated and a phenotypic series was established by several parameters, reflecting the residual H-Su(H) binding capacity. Occasionally, homozygous HWA flies develop to adulthood. They were compared with the likewise semi-viable HNN allele affecting H-Su(H) nuclear entry. The H homozygotes were short-lived, sterile and flightless, yet showed largely normal expression of several mitochondrial genes. Typical for H mutants, both HWA and HNN homozygous alleles displayed strong defects in wing venation and mechano-sensory bristle development. Strikingly, however, HWA displayed only a loss of bristles, whereas bristle organs of HNN flies showed a complete shaft-to-socket transformation. Apparently, the impact of HWA is restricted to lateral inhibition, whereas that of HNN also affects the respective cell type specification. Notably, reduction in Su(H) gene dosage only suppressed the HNN bristle phenotype, but amplified that of HWA. We interpret these differences as to the role of H regarding Su(H) stability and availability. Full article
16 pages, 2801 KiB  
Article
Generation of Mutants from the 57B Region of Drosophila melanogaster
by Eva Louise Steinmetz, Sandra Noh, Christine Klöppel, Martin F. Fuhr, Nicole Bach, Mona Evelyn Raffael, Kirsten Hildebrandt, Fabienne Wittling, Doris Jann and Uwe Walldorf
Genes 2023, 14(11), 2047; https://doi.org/10.3390/genes14112047 - 06 Nov 2023
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Abstract
The 57B region of Drosophila melanogaster includes a cluster of the three homeobox genes orthopedia (otp), Drosophila Retinal homeobox (DRx), and homeobrain (hbn). In an attempt to isolate mutants for these genes, we performed an EMS mutagenesis [...] Read more.
The 57B region of Drosophila melanogaster includes a cluster of the three homeobox genes orthopedia (otp), Drosophila Retinal homeobox (DRx), and homeobrain (hbn). In an attempt to isolate mutants for these genes, we performed an EMS mutagenesis and isolated lethal mutants from the 57B region, among them mutants for otp, DRx, and hbn. With the help of two newly generated deletions from the 57B region, we mapped additional mutants to specific chromosomal intervals and identified several of these mutants from the 57B region molecularly. In addition, we generated mutants for CG15651 and RIC-3 by gene targeting and mutants for the genes CG9344, CG15649, CG15650, and ND-B14.7 using the CRISPR/Cas9 system. We determined the lethality period during development for most isolated mutants. In total, we analysed alleles from nine different genes from the 57B region of Drosophila, which could now be used to further explore the functions of the corresponding genes in the future. Full article
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