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Future Internet
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Blockchain Technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT): Research Issues...
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Blockchain Technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT): Research Issues and Challenges

A special issue of Future Internet (ISSN 1999-5903). This special issue belongs to the section "Internet of Things".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2024) | Viewed by 3832

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Ashutosh Dhar Dwivedi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Cyber Security Group, Aalborg University, 2450 Copenhagen, Denmark
Interests: cybersecurity; cryptography; blockchain; machine learning; Internet of Things
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT) has revolutionized various domains, presenting both exciting opportunities and daunting challenges. Sectors such as healthcare, transportation, smart cities, and energy sectors have experienced significant transformations due to the proliferation of IoT devices. As the number of these interconnected devices continues to skyrocket, there arises a pressing need for robust and scalable solutions that not only ensure secure and efficient data exchange but also tackle critical concerns like privacy, trust, and interoperability.

In response to these challenges, blockchain technology has emerged as a promising and innovative solution. By providing a decentralized, transparent, and tamper-resistant infrastructure, blockchain offers a transformative approach to address the complexities of the IoT landscape. Its cryptographic properties empower IoT devices to securely exchange data and authenticate transactions without the need for a centralized authority, thereby bolstering the security and privacy of the entire IoT ecosystem.

Moreover, blockchain has the potential to enable secure and auditable data sharing among multiple stakeholders, fostering new business models and collaborations across various industries. However, integrating blockchain with IoT also introduces its own set of hurdles, including scalability, latency, energy efficiency, and the need for consensus mechanisms suitable for resource-constrained IoT devices. This Special Issue aims to delve into the research issues and challenges associated with the application of blockchain technologies to the Internet of Things.

Dr. Ashutosh Dhar Dwivedi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Future Internet is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • blockchain
  • IoT
  • security
  • privacy
  • authentication

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

33 pages, 12844 KiB  
Article
TDLearning: Trusted Distributed Collaborative Learning Based on Blockchain Smart Contracts
by Jing Liu, Xuesong Hai and Keqin Li
Future Internet 2024, 16(1), 6; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi16010006 - 25 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1487
Abstract
Massive amounts of data drive the performance of deep learning models, but in practice, data resources are often highly dispersed and bound by data privacy and security concerns, making it difficult for multiple data sources to share their local data directly. Data resources [...] Read more.
Massive amounts of data drive the performance of deep learning models, but in practice, data resources are often highly dispersed and bound by data privacy and security concerns, making it difficult for multiple data sources to share their local data directly. Data resources are difficult to aggregate effectively, resulting in a lack of support for model training. How to collaborate between data sources in order to aggregate the value of data resources is therefore an important research question. However, existing distributed-collaborative-learning architectures still face serious challenges in collaborating between nodes that lack mutual trust, with security and trust issues seriously affecting the confidence and willingness of data sources to participate in collaboration. Blockchain technology provides trusted distributed storage and computing, and combining it with collaboration between data sources to build trusted distributed-collaborative-learning architectures is an extremely valuable research direction for application. We propose a trusted distributed-collaborative-learning mechanism based on blockchain smart contracts. Firstly, the mechanism uses blockchain smart contracts to define and encapsulate collaborative behaviours, relationships and norms between distributed collaborative nodes. Secondly, we propose a model-fusion method based on feature fusion, which replaces the direct sharing of local data resources with distributed-model collaborative training and organises distributed data resources for distributed collaboration to improve model performance. Finally, in order to verify the trustworthiness and usability of the proposed mechanism, on the one hand, we implement formal modelling and verification of the smart contract by using Coloured Petri Net and prove that the mechanism satisfies the expected trustworthiness properties by verifying the formal model of the smart contract associated with the mechanism. On the other hand, the model-fusion method based on feature fusion is evaluated in different datasets and collaboration scenarios, while a typical collaborative-learning case is implemented for a comprehensive analysis and validation of the mechanism. The experimental results show that the proposed mechanism can provide a trusted and fair collaboration infrastructure for distributed-collaboration nodes that lack mutual trust and organise decentralised data resources for collaborative model training to develop effective global models. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blockchain Technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT): Research Issues and Challenges)
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23 pages, 5452 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of Blockchain Networks’ Scalability Limitations in Low-Powered Internet of Things (IoT) Sensor Networks
by Kithmini Godewatte Arachchige, Philip Branch and Jason But
Future Internet 2023, 15(9), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/fi15090317 - 21 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1911
Abstract
With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, industries such as healthcare have started using low-powered sensor-based devices. Because IoT devices are typically low-powered, they are susceptible to cyber intrusions. As an emerging information security solution, blockchain technology has considerable potential for [...] Read more.
With the development of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, industries such as healthcare have started using low-powered sensor-based devices. Because IoT devices are typically low-powered, they are susceptible to cyber intrusions. As an emerging information security solution, blockchain technology has considerable potential for protecting low-powered IoT end devices. Blockchain technology provides promising security features such as cryptography, hash functions, time stamps, and a distributed ledger function. Therefore, blockchain technology can be a robust security technology for securing IoT low-powered devices. However, the integration of blockchain and IoT technologies raises a number of research questions. Scalability is one of the most significant. Blockchain’ scalability of low-powered sensor networks needs to be evaluated to identify the practical application of both technologies in low-powered sensor networks. In this paper, we analyse the scalability limitations of three commonly used blockchain algorithms running on low-powered single-board computers communicating in a wireless sensor network. We assess the scalability limitations of three blockchain networks as we increase the number of nodes. Our analysis shows considerable scalability variations between three blockchain networks. The results indicate that some blockchain networks can have over 800 ms network latency and some blockchain networks may use a bandwidth over 1600 Kbps. This work will contribute to developing efficient blockchain-based IoT sensor networks. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Blockchain Technologies for the Internet of Things (IoT): Research Issues and Challenges)
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