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Energies
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Geomechanics Applied to Carbon Capture and Storage
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Geomechanics Applied to Carbon Capture and Storage

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "H: Geo-Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 January 2022) | Viewed by 8959

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Pierre Rolf Cerasi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Petroleum Department, SINTEF Industry, 7031 Trondheim, Norway
Interests: rock mechanics; formation damage; carbon storage; porous media; borehole stability; solids production; well integrity; fracturing; microseismicity; acoustic emission; sand control; viscous fingering; well plugging

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to invite you to contribute to our Special Issue “Geomechanics Applied to Carbon Capture and Storage”. Geomechanics plays a critical role in conventional and unconventional subsurface energy operations such as petroleum, geothermal, and gas storage in the planning, operational, and post-operational phases. For CO2 storage in particular, geomechanical analyses are required to help constrain storage capacity estimates by setting limits for reservoir pressure so as not to induce fractures in the sealing caprock or sliding of bounding faults. Additional concerns relate to the exposure of rock formations to CO2–brine mixtures and avoiding triggering microseismicity. Research into these and other topics has now been ongoing for more than a decade, and it is a suitable point at which to gather the latest research results in a dedicated journal issue, highlighting the variety of studies, covering laboratory experiments, field-scale experiments, and modeling efforts.

For this Special Issue, we invite authors to share their latest research results, where topics of interest for publication include, but are not limited to:

  • Caprock exposure to CO2
  • Reservoir-scale coupled simulations of CO2 injection
  • Rock physics approaches to 4D monitoring
  • Fault reactivation experiments and modeling
  • Fracturing experiments in reservoir and caprock
  • Creep models of caprock formations
  • Well integrity experiments and modeling (cement behavior)
  • Models coupling geochemistry and geomechanics

Dr. Pierre Rolf Cerasi
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Geomechanics
  • Caprock
  • Storage formation
  • Fault
  • Cement sheath
  • Fracturing
  • Rock physics
  • Permeability

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

21 pages, 8851 KiB  
Article
3D Field-Scale Geomechanical Modeling of Potential CO2 Storage Site Smeaheia, Offshore Norway
by Md Jamilur Rahman, Manzar Fawad and Nazmul Haque Mondol
Energies 2022, 15(4), 1407; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15041407 - 15 Feb 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2510
Abstract
Injection-induced rock mechanical failure risks are critical in CO2 sequestration, and thus there is a need to evaluate these occurrences to ensure safe and reliable subsurface storage. A stress–strain-based numerical simulation can reveal the potential mechanical risks of any CO2 sites. [...] Read more.
Injection-induced rock mechanical failure risks are critical in CO2 sequestration, and thus there is a need to evaluate these occurrences to ensure safe and reliable subsurface storage. A stress–strain-based numerical simulation can reveal the potential mechanical risks of any CO2 sites. This study investigated the hydromechanical effect on geomechanical failure due to injection-induced stress and pore pressure changes in the prospective CO2 storage site Smeaheia, offshore Norway. An inverted-seismic-property-driven 3D field-scale geomechanical model was carried out in the Smeaheia area to evaluate the rock failure and deformation risks in various pressure-build-up scenarios. A one-way coupling between the before- and after-injection pressure scenarios of nine different models has been iterated using the finite element method. The effect of the sensitivity of total pore volume and pore compressibility on rock mechanical deformation is also evaluated. Although various models illustrated comparative variability on failure potential, no model predicted caprock failure or fracture based on the Mohr–Coulomb failure envelope. Moreover, the lateral mechanical failure variation among different locations indicated the possibility to identify a safer injection point with less chances of leakage. In addition, the pore volume and pore compressibility significantly influence the mechanical behavior of the reservoir and caprock rocks. Although this analysis could predict better injection locations based on geomechanical behavior, a fluid simulation model needs to be simulated for assessing lateral and vertical plume migration before making an injection decision. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geomechanics Applied to Carbon Capture and Storage)
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18 pages, 21609 KiB  
Article
Assessing Potential Thermo-Mechanical Impacts on Caprock Due to CO2 Injection—A Case Study from Northern Lights CCS
by Nicholas Thompson, Jamie Stuart Andrews and Tore Ingvald Bjørnarå
Energies 2021, 14(16), 5054; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14165054 - 17 Aug 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3152
Abstract
Due to significant temperature differences between the injected medium and in situ formation, injection of CO2 (as with water or other cold fluids) at depth induces thermal changes that must be accounted for a complete understanding of the mechanical integrity of the [...] Read more.
Due to significant temperature differences between the injected medium and in situ formation, injection of CO2 (as with water or other cold fluids) at depth induces thermal changes that must be accounted for a complete understanding of the mechanical integrity of the injection/storage system. Based on evaluations for the Northern Lights Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) project, we focus on thermal effects induced on the caprock via conduction from cooling in the storage sands below. We investigate, using both analytical and numerical approaches, how undrained effects within the low permeability caprock can lead to volumetric contraction differences between the rock framework and the pore fluid which induce both stress and pore pressure changes that must be properly quantified. We show that such undrained effects, while inducing a more complicated response in the stress changes in the caprock, do not necessarily lead to unfavourable tensile conditions, and may, in fact, lead to increases in effective stress. These observations build confidence in the integrity of the caprock/seal system. We also show, through conservative assumptions, that pressure communication between the caprock and storage sands may lead to a localised negative effective stress condition, challenging stability of the base caprock, which will be mitigated for in field development planning. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geomechanics Applied to Carbon Capture and Storage)
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20 pages, 4363 KiB  
Article
On the Effect of CO2 on Seismic and Ultrasonic Properties: A Novel Shale Experiment
by Stian Rørheim, Mohammad Hossain Bhuiyan, Andreas Bauer and Pierre Rolf Cerasi
Energies 2021, 14(16), 5007; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14165007 - 15 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1978
Abstract
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) by geological sequestration comprises a permeable formation (reservoir) for CO2 storage topped by an impermeable formation (caprock). Time-lapse (4D) seismic is used to map CO2 movement in the subsurface: CO2 migration into the caprock might [...] Read more.
Carbon capture and storage (CCS) by geological sequestration comprises a permeable formation (reservoir) for CO2 storage topped by an impermeable formation (caprock). Time-lapse (4D) seismic is used to map CO2 movement in the subsurface: CO2 migration into the caprock might change its properties and thus impact its integrity. Simultaneous forced-oscillation and pulse-transmission measurements are combined to quantify Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio as well as P- and S-wave velocity changes in the absence and in the presence of CO2 at constant seismic and ultrasonic frequencies. This combination is the laboratory proxy to 4D seismic because rock properties are monitored over time. It also improves the understanding of frequency-dependent (dispersive) properties needed for comparing in-situ and laboratory measurements. To verify our method, Draupne Shale is monitored during three consecutive fluid exposure phases. This shale appears to be resilient to CO2 exposure as its integrity is neither compromised by notable Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio nor P- and S-wave velocity changes. No significant changes in Young’s modulus and Poisson’s ratio seismic dispersion are observed. This absence of notable changes in rock properties is attributed to Draupne being a calcite-poor shale resilient to acidic CO2-bearing brine that may be a suitable candidate for CCS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Geomechanics Applied to Carbon Capture and Storage)
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