RF Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer

A special issue of Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292). This special issue belongs to the section "Computer Science & Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 December 2020) | Viewed by 18925

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Science and Technology, Middlesex University, London NW4 4BT, UK
Interests: UAV communications; internet of things; physical-layer security; network coding; non-orthogonal multiple access; RF energy harvesting; device-to-device communications; heterogeneous networks
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology and Education, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Interests: wireless and mobile networks; cooperative and energy harvesting networks; Internet of Things; cross-layer design; dynamic programming; game theory for wireless communications

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
The Institute of Electronics, Communication and Information Technology, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT3 9DT, UK
Interests: disaster relief networks; optimisation theory; 5G networks; energy harvesting; signal processing

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Advanced radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting (EH) and wireless power transfer (WPT) technologies are paving the way towards future wireless networks. WPT via RF radiation has emerged as a promising approach to energise low-power devices in circuit design. While traditional wireless networks were designed only for data communications, the future of wireless communications allows both data and energy transmission, i.e., simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), using the same radio wave over the same wireless medium. Although EH and WPT have shown to be able to sustain the energy supply, enabling the development of numerous applications and services in various wireless network architectures, there are challenges in theoretical modeling, analyses and practical design that need to be addressed. This Special Issue aims to provide a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art technologies and theories of EH and WPT in practical wireless networks.

Prospective authors are invited to submit original manuscripts on topics including, but not limited to:

  • RF EH for low-power wireless transceiver circuits in communication systems;
  • EH interface circuit design for light-weight devices;
  • Antenna, waveform and signal design for EH and WPT;
  • Network architecture and protocol design for RF EH and WPT;
  • Analytical models of EH and WPT in network architecture design;
  • RF EH and WPT in unicast, multicast, broadcast and relay channels;
  • RF EH and WPT with cooperative communications, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), massive MIMO and mmWave technologies;
  • SWIPT in wireless sensor networks, device-to-device communications, Internet-of-Things (IoT) and cellular networks (5G and beyond);
  • Security in SWIPT systems;
  • Experiment and prototype of RF EH, WPT and/or SWIPT.

Dr. Quoc-Tuan Vien
Dr. Ca V. Phan
Dr. Antonino Masaracchia
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 7046 KiB  
Article
Power Conversion Using Analytical Model of Cockcroft–Walton Voltage Multiplier Rectenna
by Esraa Mousa Ali, Nor Zaihar Yahaya, Omar Aqeel Saraereh, Anwar Hamdan Al Assaf, Bilal Hasan Alqasem, Shahid Iqbal, Oladimeji Ibrahim and Amit V Patel
Electronics 2021, 10(8), 881; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10080881 - 07 Apr 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 3986
Abstract
A voltage multiplier rectenna is a combination of a voltage multiplier rectifier and an antenna used for the conversion of AC to DC. It is an essential part of the system of RF energy harvesting. Conventional rectennas are characterized by low conversion efficiency. [...] Read more.
A voltage multiplier rectenna is a combination of a voltage multiplier rectifier and an antenna used for the conversion of AC to DC. It is an essential part of the system of RF energy harvesting. Conventional rectennas are characterized by low conversion efficiency. This study presents an analytical novel mode designed for RF energy harvesting systems to study the voltage and current output of rectifier stages for efficiency optimization. The design contains a voltage multiplier rectification circuit with seven stages. The Schottky diode HSMS 285-C was selected for the circuit modeling voltage multiplier circuit. Advanced Design System (ADS) simulation was used to validate the equations of the theoretical model solved with MATLAB code. The fabricated system was tested for an input power range of 10 μW to 100 mW; the maximum output power is 0.2577 mW with maximum efficiency of 29.85%. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue RF Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer)
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17 pages, 4236 KiB  
Article
A High Conversion Gain Envelope Detector with Wide Input Range for Simultaneous Wireless Information and Power Transfer System
by Yan Li, Xin Liu, Xiaosong Wang, Qian Su, Shuaipeng Zhao, Zhiqiang Wang and Yu Liu
Electronics 2021, 10(2), 160; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics10020160 - 13 Jan 2021
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2969
Abstract
Wireless sensors networks (WSN) have been gradually facilitating the pervasive connectivity of wireless sensor nodes. A greater number of wireless sensors have been used in different aspects of our life. However, limited device battery life restricts the applications of large-scale WSN. This paper [...] Read more.
Wireless sensors networks (WSN) have been gradually facilitating the pervasive connectivity of wireless sensor nodes. A greater number of wireless sensors have been used in different aspects of our life. However, limited device battery life restricts the applications of large-scale WSN. This paper presents a batteryless envelope detector with radio frequency energy harvesting (RFEH) for wireless sensor nodes, which enables simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). The envelope detector is designed for small modulation index AM signals with large amplitude variations. Therefore, the envelope detector is supposed to have wide input range while achieving a high conversion gain. We proposed an adaptive biasing technique in order to extend the input range of envelope detector. The input differential pair is adaptively biased through a feedback loop to overcome the variation of bias point when the amplitude of input signal changes. The cross coupled rectifier and DC-DC boost converter with maximum power point tracking (MPPT) are presented against power conversion efficiency (PCE) degradation of RF rectifier with the input power varying. The adaptive biased envelope detector is theoretically analyzed by square law MOSFET model. Designed with 0.18 μm complementary-metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) standard process, the power consumption of proposed envelope detector is 9 μW. Simulated with a 915 MHz AM input signal with 2 Mbps data rate and 0.05 modulation index, the proposed envelope detector achieves 20.37 dB maximum conversion gain when the amplitude of input signal is 0.5 V, and the PCE of energy harvesting circuits achieves 55.2% when input power is –12.5 dBm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue RF Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer)
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19 pages, 970 KiB  
Article
Outage Performance of Power Beacon-Aided Multi-Hop Cooperative Cognitive Radio Protocol Under Constraint of Interference and Hardware Noises
by Pham Minh Nam, Tran Trung Duy, Phan Van Ca, Pham Ngoc Son and Ngo Hoang An
Electronics 2020, 9(6), 1054; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9061054 - 26 Jun 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2818
Abstract
In this paper, we evaluate end-to-end outage probability of a multi-hop decode-and-forward relaying protocol in underlay cognitive radio network. In the proposed protocol, named COOP, secondary nodes including source and relays have to harvest radio-frequency energy from multiple secondary power beacons, and adjust [...] Read more.
In this paper, we evaluate end-to-end outage probability of a multi-hop decode-and-forward relaying protocol in underlay cognitive radio network. In the proposed protocol, named COOP, secondary nodes including source and relays have to harvest radio-frequency energy from multiple secondary power beacons, and adjust their transmit power, follows a pre-determined interference threshold given by multiple primary users. To enhance the outage performance for the secondary network under an joint constraint of the interference threshold, Rayleigh fading channel and hardware noises caused by imperfect transceiver hardware, the secondary relays on the source-destination path cooperate to forward the source data to the destination. Particularly, they attempt to receive the source data from their previous nodes, and forward it to the secondary destination if requested. Moreover, whenever the destination cannot receive the source data successfully, a successful relay that has the shortest distance to the destination is selected for retransmission. Due to usage of the cooperative transmission, the proposed COOP protocol obtains better performance, as compared with the corresponding multi-hop relaying one (denoted DIRECT) which only uses direct transmission at each hop. We evaluate the outage performance of COOP and DIRECT via both simulation and theory. The obtained results present a significant performance enhancement, as comparing COOP with DIRECT. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue RF Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer)
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11 pages, 862 KiB  
Article
Hybrid Solar-RF Energy Harvesting Systems for Electric Operated Wheelchairs
by Cuong V. Nguyen, Minh T. Nguyen, Toan V. Quyen, Anh M. Le, Antonino Masaracchia, Ha T. Nguyen, Huy P. Nguyen, Long D. Nguyen, Hoa T. Nguyen and Vinh Q. Nguyen
Electronics 2020, 9(5), 752; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9050752 - 02 May 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 5292
Abstract
Over the decades, with the advancement of science and technology, wheelchairs have undergone remarkable changes, such as controlling an electrical wheelchair by using brain signals. However, existing electrical wheelchairs still need improvements in terms of energy management. This paper proposes an hybrid Solar-Radio [...] Read more.
Over the decades, with the advancement of science and technology, wheelchairs have undergone remarkable changes, such as controlling an electrical wheelchair by using brain signals. However, existing electrical wheelchairs still need improvements in terms of energy management. This paper proposes an hybrid Solar-Radio frequency (RF) harvesting system able to supply power for the continuous and effective operation of electrically powered wheelchairs. This system can simultaneously harvest power from RF and solar source that are both available in the surrounding environment. A maximum power point tracking (MPPT) and a boost converter are exclusively employed for the standalone solar system while the standalone RF system is equipped with a 9-stage voltage multiplier (VM). The voltage level for the charging process is obtained by adding the output voltage of each source. In addition, a current booster and a stabilizer are used to reach the required level of current and pin the charging voltage to a stable level, respectively. Simulation results show how the hybrid system is better and more stable when the boost current and stabilizer are used in the charging system. Moreover, we also provide some analytic results to prove the advantages of this system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue RF Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer)
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12 pages, 431 KiB  
Article
Secure Energy-Efficient Resource Allocation Algorithm of Massive MIMO System with SWIPT
by Xiaoxia Yang, Zhengqiang Wang, Xiaoyu Wan and Zifu Fan
Electronics 2020, 9(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics9010026 - 25 Dec 2019
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2141
Abstract
In this paper, we consider the resource allocation problem to maximize the minimum (max–min) user’s secure energy efficiency (SEE) in downlink massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). First, transmission power and power splitting ratio are designed [...] Read more.
In this paper, we consider the resource allocation problem to maximize the minimum (max–min) user’s secure energy efficiency (SEE) in downlink massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT). First, transmission power and power splitting ratio are designed to achieve the max–min user’s SEE subject to harvested energy threshold, the constraints of transmission power, and power splitting ratio. Secondly, the optimization problem is non-convex and very difficult to tackle. In order to solve the optimization problem, we converted to a series of parameter optimization subproblems by fractional programming. Then, we employ the first-order Taylor expansion and successive convex approximation (SCA) method to solve parameter optimization problems. Next, a secure energy-efficient resource allocation (SERA) algorithm with the bisection method is proposed to find the max–min SEE of the system. Finally, simulation results show the effectiveness and superiority of the SERA algorithm. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue RF Energy Harvesting and Wireless Power Transfer)
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