Acute Liver Failure Due to Viral Hepatitis: Etiology, Epidemiology, Pathogenetic Mechanisms, Diagnosis and Treatment

A special issue of Diagnostics (ISSN 2075-4418). This special issue belongs to the section "Pathology and Molecular Diagnostics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 May 2023) | Viewed by 2406

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Faculty of Medicine, University of Puthisastra, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
Interests: acute liver failure; viral hepatitis; epidemiology; diagnosis; treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues, 

Acute liver failure due to A, B, D and E hepatitis viruses is a very serious and often deadly condition when liver transplantation is not available. The incidence seems to be decreasing in high-income Western countries, but data are scarce from low- and middle-income countries. The pathogenesis is still poorly understood, and the diagnostic criteria applied in Western countries may not be ideal in other areas. In the absence of liver transplantation, treatment options are limited, and the use of most therapies is based on expert opinion, as the rarity of the condition hinders the possibility of clinical trials. Supportive and intensive care management are the best options that can be offered to patients. Cerebral oedema, very prolonged prothrombin time and high grade of encephalopathy negatively influence survival.

This Special Issue will explore the most recent advances in “the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenetic mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment of acute liver failure due to viral hepatitis”. Original studies and review articles that focus on any of these aspects are welcome. Studies conducted in low- and middle-income countries are of particular interest.

I hope that this Special Issue is of interest to you and encourage you to submit a manuscript. Many thanks in advance.

Prof. Dr. Sandro Vento
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • acute liver failure
  • fulminant viral hepatitis
  • etiology
  • epidemiology
  • pathogenesis
  • diagnosis
  • treatment

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Review

14 pages, 603 KiB  
Review
Prognostic Scores in Acute Liver Failure Due to Viral Hepatitis
by Sagnik Biswas, Ramesh Kumar, Subrat Kumar Acharya and Shalimar
Diagnostics 2023, 13(6), 1035; https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics13061035 - 8 Mar 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2140
Abstract
Viral infections are among the major causes of acute liver failure (ALF) worldwide. While the role of agents such as hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses in precipitating ALF are well known, improvements in serological assays have led to the detection [...] Read more.
Viral infections are among the major causes of acute liver failure (ALF) worldwide. While the role of agents such as hepatitis A, B, C, D and E viruses in precipitating ALF are well known, improvements in serological assays have led to the detection of viral agents such as Epstein Barr virus, cytomegalovirus etc. as atypical causes of ALF. Despite the plethora of literature available on viral hepatitis and ALF, there is very limited large-scale epidemiologic data on the prevalence, risk factors of progression and outcomes in ALF of viral causes. This is important as viral infections remain the leading cause of ALF in the East and in developing countries, while the impact of viral ALF in the West has largely been ameliorated by effective vaccination and sanitization programs. This review focuses specifically on the available prognostic scores that aid in the management of ALF of viral etiologies while also briefly reviewing the current literature on newer viral agents known to cause ALF, risk factors of progression, outcomes and how management algorithms can be developed by incorporation of prognostic scoring systems for referral and transplant listing. Full article
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