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Current Oncology
Special Issues
Advanced Approaches to Breast Cancer Biomarkers
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Advanced Approaches to Breast Cancer Biomarkers

A special issue of Current Oncology (ISSN 1718-7729). This special issue belongs to the section "Medical Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2024) | Viewed by 5067

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sukhbinder Dhesy-Thind

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Interests: breast cancer; biomarkers; translational research; therapeutics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Traditional biomarkers for breast cancer have included the estrogen, progesterone and HER2 receptors. These biomarkers serve to divide breast cancer into three main categories: hormone sensitive, triple-negative and HER2-positive. This simple classification has served as the backbone for treatment recommendations for years. However, the evolution of biomarkers has expanded the search for improved markers of prognosis and those that will better predict patient response or resistance to therapy. The use of molecular genomic assays has been a pivotal development in identifying patients at higher risk for breast cancer recurrence who may benefit from chemotherapy, whilst reducing the toxicity in those for whom it offers little value. Biomarkers to improve the identification of triple-negative breast cancer subtypes for whom immunotherapy is effective continue to be investigated along with the potential benefits of circulating tumour cells or circulating tumour DNA.

This Special Issue will focus on advances in biomarkers of breast cancer, their advantages, and challenges, along with application of these markers to guide therapeutic interventions. Research themes may include (but are not limited to) the topics identified above, as well as BRCA testing, assays to predict late recurrences, endocrine resistance, and biomarkers of toxicity. Original research articles and reviews are welcome. We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Sukhbinder Dhesy-Thind
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Current Oncology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • breast cancer
  • predictive biomarkers
  • prognostic biomarkers
  • genomic assays
  • personalized treatment

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Review

12 pages, 1438 KiB  
Review
The Significance of Thyroid Hormone Receptors in Breast Cancer: A Hypothesis-Generating Narrative Review
by Trinity Quan, Jessica Cockburn, Sukhbinder Dhesy-Thind, Anita Bane, Hon Leong, Christopher Geleff, Catherine Devion, Noor Ajel and Katarzyna J. Jerzak
Curr. Oncol. 2024, 31(5), 2364-2375; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol31050176 - 23 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is frequently diagnosed among Canadian women. While targeted therapies are available for most BC patients; treatment resistance is common and novel therapeutic targets are of interest. Thyroid hormones (TH) bound to thyroid hormone receptors (THR) influence cell proliferation and [...] Read more.
Background: Breast cancer (BC) is frequently diagnosed among Canadian women. While targeted therapies are available for most BC patients; treatment resistance is common and novel therapeutic targets are of interest. Thyroid hormones (TH) bound to thyroid hormone receptors (THR) influence cell proliferation and differentiation; they are also involved in the growth and development of normal breast tissue. Evidence suggests that THRβ is a tumor suppressor in various solid tumors. Purpose: This narrative review discusses retrospective studies regarding the clinical relevance of THRβ as a potential prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in BC. Methods: We consulted with an information specialist to develop a search strategy to find all literature related to THRα expression as a potential prognostic and therapeutic biomarker in breast cancer. The primary search was developed for Medline and translated to Embase. The searches were conducted on the Ovid platform on 18 August 2023. Results: Across seven retrospective studies identified, several have shown an association between higher THRβ1 expression with a lower risk of BC recurrence and with longer overall survival. Conclusions: Some evidence suggests that THRβ expression is associated with a lower risk of BC recurrence and death. Validation of THRβ as an independent prognostic biomarker and possible predictive biomarker of response to endocrine therapy and/or chemotherapy is of interest. Given that THRβ is upstream of the AKT/PI3K pathway, its potential as a predictive biomarker of response to AKT inhibitors and/or PI3K inhibitors may also be of value. Finally, the potential re-purposing of THRβ agonists as anti-cancer agents warrants investigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Approaches to Breast Cancer Biomarkers)
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17 pages, 2349 KiB  
Review
The Role of Glucocorticoids in Breast Cancer Therapy
by Irma B. Mitre-Aguilar, Daniel Moreno-Mitre, Jorge Melendez-Zajgla, Vilma Maldonado, Nadia J. Jacobo-Herrera, Victoria Ramirez-Gonzalez and Gretel Mendoza-Almanza
Curr. Oncol. 2023, 30(1), 298-314; https://doi.org/10.3390/curroncol30010024 - 25 Dec 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 3718
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive steroid molecules secreted by the adrenal gland and regulated by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. GCs present a circadian release pattern under normal conditions; they increase their release under stress conditions. Their mechanism of action can be via [...] Read more.
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive steroid molecules secreted by the adrenal gland and regulated by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. GCs present a circadian release pattern under normal conditions; they increase their release under stress conditions. Their mechanism of action can be via the receptor-independent or receptor-dependent pathway. The receptor-dependent pathway translocates to the nucleus, where the ligand-receptor complex binds to specific sequences in the DNA to modulate the transcription of specific genes. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and its endogenous ligand cortisol (CORT) in humans, and corticosterone in rodents or its exogenous ligand, dexamethasone (DEX), have been extensively studied in breast cancer. Its clinical utility in oncology has mainly focused on using DEX as an antiemetic to prevent chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. In this review, we compile the results reported in the literature in recent years, highlighting current trends and unresolved controversies in this field. Specifically, in breast cancer, GR is considered a marker of poor prognosis, and a therapeutic target for the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype, and efforts are being made to develop better GR antagonists with fewer side effects. It is necessary to know the type of breast cancer to differentiate the treatment for estrogen receptor (ER)-positive, ER-negative, and TNBC, to implement therapies that include the use of GCs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Approaches to Breast Cancer Biomarkers)
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