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Crystals
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Research in Thermal Energy Storage Materials
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Research in Thermal Energy Storage Materials

A special issue of Crystals (ISSN 2073-4352). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials for Energy Applications".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 August 2024 | Viewed by 2591

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. S. Afflerbach

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Thermal and Thermochemical Energy Storage, Technische Universität Berlin, Marchstr. 18 KT2, 10587 Berlin, Germany
Interests: thermochemical energy storage; reversible gas-solid reactions; solid state reaction mechanisms; X-ray crystallography; material modification; materials science; materials engineering; sustainable materials; chemical reaction engineering
Prof. Dr. Reinhard Trettin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute for Building and Materials Chemistry, University of Siegen, Paul-Bonatz-Str. 9-11, 57076 Siegen, Germany
Interests: building and materials chemistry; solid state reaction mechanisms; nanotechnology; crystallography; applied mineralogy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Thermal storage technologies play an emerging role in various fields of applications for energy production from renewables. Herein, thermal storage solutions are, for example, researched for ensuring the base-load capability of solar thermal power plants, storage of industrial waste heat, sector coupling, solar thermal techniques for heating in housing and tap-water generation or heat conversion.

For all thermal storage materials, charging is associated with heating, followed by a phase transition in the case of latent storage materials or a chemical reaction in the case of thermochemical storage materials. Since all thermal storage or heat conversion systems are units consisting of a reactor and the storage medium, both parts must have a matching functionality to ensure efficient long-term operation.

The Special Issue “Research in Thermal Energy Storage Materials” therefore aims to focus on relevant material properties and material modification strategies.

As thermal storage materials to a large extent comprise crystalline inorganic or organic systems, a focus is set on respective compounds in order to identify new, potential reaction systems, study the structure-related properties during charging and discharging, and research thermophysical and chemical properties as well as modification strategies using defect generation or doping and (re-) crystallization mechanisms. Respective contributions can have a focus on fundamental material properties investigated at lab scale or can be application oriented, regarding the respective materials systems in bulk scale.

Prof. Dr. S. Afflerbach
Prof. Dr. Reinhard Trettin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Crystals is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sensible storage materials
  • latent storage materials
  • thermochemical storage materials
  • material screening
  • photoinduced thermal storage
  • reaction mechanisms
  • structure related materials properties
  • thermochemical and thermophysical materials properties
  • (re-) crystallization
  • crystal morphology
  • defect structures and doping

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 17045 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Ca-Dicarboxylate Salt Hydrates as Thermochemical Energy Storage Materials
by Jakob Werner, Jakob Smith, Berthold Stöger, Werner Artner, Andreas Werner and Peter Weinberger
Crystals 2023, 13(10), 1518; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13101518 - 19 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1025
Abstract
Salt hydrates are highly promising materials for thermochemical energy storage applications to store waste heat below 200 °C. Although highly researched and theoretically promising, in practical applications salt hydrates often cannot fulfill expectations. Based on the promising results of the Ca-oxalate monohydrate/Ca-oxalate system, [...] Read more.
Salt hydrates are highly promising materials for thermochemical energy storage applications to store waste heat below 200 °C. Although highly researched and theoretically promising, in practical applications salt hydrates often cannot fulfill expectations. Based on the promising results of the Ca-oxalate monohydrate/Ca-oxalate system, other Ca-dicarboxylate salt hydrates were investigated to determine whether potential materials for heat storage can be found amongst them. A simultaneous thermal analysis showed that all candidates are applicable in the temperature range of 100–200 °C, and thermally stable up to 220 °C. Calcium malonate dihydrate (637 J/g), calcium terephthalate trihydrate (695 J/g), and tetrafluoro calcium terephthalate tetrahydrate (657 J/g) have shown higher enthalpies of dehydration than Ca-oxalate monohydrate. Due to the investigation of derivatives of Ca-terephthalate, it is possible to report the crystal structure of 2-fluoro calcium terephthalate. In single crystals, it forms a trihydrate and crystallizes in the Pmna space group (Z = 4, Z’ = ½) forming infinite chains of Ca atoms. De- and rehydration reactions of the most promising candidates were studied in situ with powder X-ray diffraction showing the structural changes between the hydrate and anhydrate states. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Thermal Energy Storage Materials)
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13 pages, 5533 KiB  
Article
Development of Composite Microencapsulated Phase Change Materials for Multi-Temperature Thermal Energy Storage
by Weiguang Su, Jo Darkwa, Tongyu Zhou, Dengfeng Du, Georgios Kokogiannakis, Yilin Li, Li Wang and Liying Gao
Crystals 2023, 13(8), 1167; https://doi.org/10.3390/cryst13081167 - 27 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 912
Abstract
Phase change energy storage materials have been recognized as potential energy-saving materials for balancing cooling and heating demands in buildings. However, individual phase change materials (PCM) with single phase change temperature cannot be adapted to different temperature requirements. To this end, the concept [...] Read more.
Phase change energy storage materials have been recognized as potential energy-saving materials for balancing cooling and heating demands in buildings. However, individual phase change materials (PCM) with single phase change temperature cannot be adapted to different temperature requirements. To this end, the concept of fabricating different kinds of microencapsulated PCM (MEPCM) and combing them to form a multiphase change material (MPCM) for multi-seasonal applications in buildings has been proposed. To prove the feasibility of this idea, three kinds of MEPCMs were fabricated and used for the development of three different composite MPCMs, classified as MPCM-1, MPCM-2, and MPCM-3. Analysis of the results shows that each MPCM sample was able to release latent heat at two different temperatures thus making them suitable for multi-temperature thermal energy storage applications. The phase change temperatures of the MPCMs were however found to be slightly reduced by 0.09–0.31 °C as compared with the MEPCMs samples. The measured energy storage capacities for the MPCMs were also reduced in the range of 6.3–11.4% as compared with the theoretical values but they displayed relatively good thermal stability behaviour of up to 197.8–218.8 °C. It was further identified that the phase change temperatures and latent heat of the MPCM was attributed to the weight percentages of individual components, as the theoretical values for the three MPCM samples were all in good accordance with the measured values. Therefore, optimizing the weight ratios of the MEPCM in MPCM samples and their corresponding thermophysical properties based on specific climatic conditions would be a necessary step to take in future investigations. Thermal performance enhancement of the MPCM is also being recommended as an essential part of further research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Research in Thermal Energy Storage Materials)
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