Editorial

1 pages, 140 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures

by Aleksandr S. Lenshin and Vladimir M. Kashkarov

Coatings 2022, 12(12), 1994; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121994 - 19 Dec 2022

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The surface of any solid-state object is characterized by enhanced surface energy as compared with the volume of a part of the bulk object [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures)

Research

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18 pages, 4858 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Preparation and Performance of Fluorocarbon Polyurethane Amino Baking Paint for Graffiti-Resistant Whiteboards

by Xiang Xi and Weizhong Yuan

Coatings 2024, 14(3), 365; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14030365 - 20 Mar 2024

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Abstract

Fluorocarbon polyurethane amino baking paint for graffiti-resistant whiteboards was designed and prepared. Firstly, perfluorohexylethyl alcohol (TEOH6) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) were reacted under certain conditions to obtain fluorocarbon mono-isocyanate, then fluorocarbon diols were obtained by reacting with trimethylolpropane, and finally fluorocarbon polyurethane hydroxy [...] Read more.

Fluorocarbon polyurethane amino baking paint for graffiti-resistant whiteboards was designed and prepared. Firstly, perfluorohexylethyl alcohol (TEOH6) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) were reacted under certain conditions to obtain fluorocarbon mono-isocyanate, then fluorocarbon diols were obtained by reacting with trimethylolpropane, and finally fluorocarbon polyurethane hydroxy resin was formed by reacting with hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and polyester diols. The synthesized hydroxyl resin was used as the basis to configure fluorocarbon polyurethane amino baking paint for graffiti-resistant whiteboards and was upgraded by adding hydroxyl silicone oil. Secondly, a series of performance tests, such as hardness, adhesion, flexibility, and corrosion resistance, were conducted to verify that the baking paint possessed excellent properties for use on writing whiteboards. The graffiti resistance of each paint film was evaluated by different methods, and it was found that the graffiti resistance was mainly due to the excellent hydrophobicity and oleophobicity of the paint films after the enrichment of fluorocarbon chains on their surfaces, and the combined effect of low surface energy caused by hydroxyl silicone oil crosslinked with amino resin. This study provides a theoretical basis and technical support for the preparation of fluorocarbon polyurethane baking paint for graffiti-resistant whiteboards. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures)

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12 pages, 4862 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Interaction Regularity of Biomolecules on Mg and Mg-Based Alloy Surfaces: A First-Principles Study

by Zhe Fang, Baiwei Ma, Erjun Liang, Yu Jia and Shaokang Guan

Coatings 2024, 14(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14010025 - 25 Dec 2023

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Abstract

Adsorbed molecules can modulate the behavior of magnesium (Mg) and Mg alloy in biomedical applications. The interaction regularity and mechanism of biomolecules (such as amino acids, dipeptides, and tripeptide) on a Mg(0001) surface, the influence of dipole correction, and the effects of alloying [...] Read more.

Adsorbed molecules can modulate the behavior of magnesium (Mg) and Mg alloy in biomedical applications. The interaction regularity and mechanism of biomolecules (such as amino acids, dipeptides, and tripeptide) on a Mg(0001) surface, the influence of dipole correction, and the effects of alloying elements and electronic structure were investigated in this study using first-principles calculations. Specifically, the adsorption energy (E_ads) of functional groups (-NH₂, -COOH and -CN₃H₄), amino acids (arginine (Arg), glycine (Gly), and aspartic acid (Asp)), dipeptides (arginine–glycine (Arg-Gly), glycine–aspartic acid (Gly-Asp), and arginine–aspartic acid (Arg-Asp)), and arginine–glycine–aspartic acid (RGD) tripeptide were systematically calculated. Dipole correction slightly enhanced the interaction between molecules and Mg surfaces, but the E_ads trend remained unchanged. The addition of alloying elements improved the interaction of molecules and Mg-based alloy surfaces. This study will be of fundamental importance in understanding the interaction regularity of molecules on Mg and Mg-based alloy surfaces and provide possibilities for surface modification design of biomedical materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures)

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13 pages, 2444 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study on Green Controllable Preparation of Coal Gangue-Based 13-X Molecular Sieves and Its CO₂ Capture Application

by Dawei Yi, Huiling Du, Yefei Li, Yimin Gao, Sifan Liu, Boyang Xu, Haoqi Huang and Le Kang

Coatings 2023, 13(11), 1886; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13111886 - 02 Nov 2023

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Abstract

Carbon dioxide emissions are the primary and most direct contributor to global warming, posing a significant hazard to both the environment and human health. In response to this challenge, there has been a growing interest in the development of effective carbon capture technologies. [...] Read more.

Carbon dioxide emissions are the primary and most direct contributor to global warming, posing a significant hazard to both the environment and human health. In response to this challenge, there has been a growing interest in the development of effective carbon capture technologies. This study involved the synthesis of 13-X molecular sieve porous materials using solid waste coal gangue as a source of silicon and aluminum. The synthesis process involved the controlled utilization of an “alkali fusion-hydrothermal” reaction system. The resulting materials were characterized for their structure, morphology, and crystal composition using X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscopy. These 13-X molecular sieve materials were employed as adsorbents to capture carbon dioxide gas, and their adsorption performance was investigated. The findings indicated that the 13-X molecular sieve materials possess uniform pores and complete crystalline morphologies, and they exhibited an adsorption capacity of 1.82 mmol/g for carbon dioxide at 0 °C. Consequently, this study not only converted solid waste gangue into high-value products but also demonstrated effective atmospheric carbon dioxide capture, suggesting that gangue-based 13-X molecular sieves may serve as a potential candidate for carbon capture. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures)

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18 pages, 3608 KiB

Open AccessArticle

The Effects of Process Parameters on Workpiece Roundness in the Shoe-Type Centerless Grinding Operation for Internal Raceway of Ball Bearings

by Nguyen Anh Tuan

Coatings 2023, 13(11), 1864; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13111864 - 31 Oct 2023

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Abstract

One of the most important indices of bearing raceway, roundness, has an important influence on the life and performance of the bearing. Currently, shoe-type centerless grinding (STCG) is a core process for the fabrication of the raceway surface. Some researchers have carried out [...] Read more.

One of the most important indices of bearing raceway, roundness, has an important influence on the life and performance of the bearing. Currently, shoe-type centerless grinding (STCG) is a core process for the fabrication of the raceway surface. Some researchers have carried out studies in this field; however, the reason and extent of the influence of process parameters on the workpiece roundness in the STCG operation for the internal raceway of the 6208 ball bearings are not clear up to now. In this paper, new research on the effects of process parameters on workpiece roundness in the STCG operation for the internal raceway of the 6208 ball bearings is presented. The influence of the angular placement of the two shoes, as well as the technology parameters including the offset between the rotational centers of the workpiece and the magnetic drivehead (e), the normal feed rate (S_nf), the speed of the workpiece (n_w), and the grinding depth (a_f), on the roundness of the raceway surface were investigated both theoretically and experimentally to solve the difficulties in the STCG operation to ensure the roundness of the raceway surface. Based on the research results, a guideline for selecting initial process parameters is introduced to ensure the roundness of the bearing raceway in the STCG operation for the internal raceway of 6208_ball bearings on the 3MK136B grinder. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures)

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8 pages, 2452 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Features of the Composition and Photoluminescent Properties of Porous Silicon Depending on Its Porosity Index

by Aleksandr S. Lenshin, Yaroslav A. Peshkov, Konstantin A. Barkov, Margarita V. Grechkina, Anatoliy N. Lukin, Sergey V. Kannykin, Dmitriy A. Minakov and Olga V. Chernousova

Coatings 2023, 13(2), 385; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020385 - 08 Feb 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1189

Abstract

Porous silicon samples with a porosity index of 5% to 80% were obtained in this work by electrochemical etching, and their photoluminescence properties were also studied. The porosity index was calculated according to the data from X-ray reflectometry. The composition of the surface [...] Read more.

Porous silicon samples with a porosity index of 5% to 80% were obtained in this work by electrochemical etching, and their photoluminescence properties were also studied. The porosity index was calculated according to the data from X-ray reflectometry. The composition of the surface was controlled by ultra-soft X-ray spectroscopy and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The degree of the sample surface oxidation increased with the porosity enhancement. Two known mechanisms of photoluminescence in porous silicon were detected that are related to the composition and morphology of its surface. The values of the porosity index specifying the dominations of these mechanisms were determined. Enhancement of photoluminescence was shown to be attributed to an increase in the porosity index. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures)

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8 pages, 7555 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Silicon on the Surface Modification of Al-Cr Powder Cathodes Subjected to Vacuum Arc Treatment

by Gennady Pribytkov, Victoria Korzhova, Elena Korosteleva and Maksim Krinitcyn

Coatings 2022, 12(7), 958; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12070958 - 06 Jul 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1110

Abstract

Al-Cr and Al-Cr-Si composite cathodes were obtained by the hot compaction of aluminum, chromium, and silicon powder mixtures. The phase transformations in the surface layer of the Al-Cr-Si composite cathodes subjected to the arc heating were considered. The elemental and phase compositions of [...] Read more.

Al-Cr and Al-Cr-Si composite cathodes were obtained by the hot compaction of aluminum, chromium, and silicon powder mixtures. The phase transformations in the surface layer of the Al-Cr-Si composite cathodes subjected to the arc heating were considered. The elemental and phase compositions of the modified cathodes’ surfaces were studied using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The effect of the silicon addition on the structural evolution in the cathode surface during arc evaporation is shown. It was found that an arc impact on the cathode surface resulted in the melting and consequent crystallization of the multiphase mixture of intermetallic compounds and eutectic in the cathode surface layer. Cathode surface layers were found to be depleted of aluminum and silicon due to the ejection of these elements in drop form from the Al-Si liquid layer on the cathode surface. This can result in the change in the elements ratio in the deposited coating as compared with that in the cathode and thus influence the coated tools’ durability. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures)

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12 pages, 1918 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperArticle

MicroRaman Study of Nanostructured Ultra-Thin AlGaN/GaN Thin Films Grown on Hybrid Compliant SiC/Por-Si Substrates

by Aleksandr Lenshin, Pavel Seredin, Dmitry Goloshchapov, Ali O. Radam and Andrey Mizerov

Coatings 2022, 12(5), 626; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings12050626 - 03 May 2022

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1623

Abstract

In our study, for the first time we demonstrate the advantages of using a compliant hybrid substrate of porSi/SiC to grow high-quality ultra-thin nanostructured Al_xGa_1−xN/GaN heterostructures using molecular beam epitaxy with plasma-activated nitrogen. Comparison of our experimental results [...] Read more.

In our study, for the first time we demonstrate the advantages of using a compliant hybrid substrate of porSi/SiC to grow high-quality ultra-thin nanostructured Al_xGa_1−xN/GaN heterostructures using molecular beam epitaxy with plasma-activated nitrogen. Comparison of our experimental results obtained by micro-Raman spectroscopy, deconvolution, and the fitting of the experimental Raman spectra and subsequent calculations with information from already established literature sources show that the use of such a hybrid SiC/porSi substrate has a number of undeniable advantages for the growth of ultra-thin Al_xGa_1−xN/GaN nanoheterostructures without requiring the use of thick A_IIIN buffer layers. Direct growth on a hybrid compliant substrate of SiC/porSi leads to a substantial relaxation in the elastic stresses between the epitaxial film, porous silicon, and silicon carbide, which consequently affects the structural quality of the ultra-thin Al_xGa_1−xN/GaN epitaxial layers. The experimental and computational data obtained in our work are important for understanding the physics and technology of Al_xGa_1−xN/GaN nanoheterostructures and will contribute to their potential applications in optoelectronics. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures)

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Review

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46 pages, 12043 KiB

Open AccessReview

Hydrophobic and Tribological Properties of Biomimetic Interfaces

by Kang Yang, Jun Tang, Jia Huang, Honglei Zhang, Hao Chen, Yahui Xiong, Ruili Wang, Chao Wu, Meimei Wang and Hongliang Chen

Coatings 2024, 14(5), 529; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14050529 - 24 Apr 2024

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Abstract

Bionic interfaces have received much attention owing to their attractive hydrophobic and tribological potential. Although a great deal of research has been carried out on biomimetic nanostructures, the basic theory, experimental application, and related techniques of hydrophobicity of biomimetic nanostructures, as well as [...] Read more.

Bionic interfaces have received much attention owing to their attractive hydrophobic and tribological potential. Although a great deal of research has been carried out on biomimetic nanostructures, the basic theory, experimental application, and related techniques of hydrophobicity of biomimetic nanostructures, as well as the relationship between the state of lubricants and friction in tribology have not been fully explored. In this review, based on a brief discussion of the theory of hydrophobicity, the role of two-dimensional bionic structures in the wet state is introduced, and the wetting mechanism and applications are discussed. Then, the synergistic effects and mechanisms of bionic weaving and lubricants in the dry/wet friction state are investigated. In addition, the contribution of bionic structures to the fields of hydrophobicity and tribology further deepens the knowledge and enriches the practical applications of bionic surface weaving. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures)

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17 pages, 7095 KiB

Open AccessReview

Sulfonated Molecules and Their Latest Applications in the Field of Biomaterials: A Review

by Ambreen Akram, Mujahid Iqbal, Aqeela Yasin, Kun Zhang and Jingan Li

Coatings 2024, 14(2), 243; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings14020243 - 19 Feb 2024

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Abstract

This review provides an overview of the latest applications of sulfonated molecules in biomaterials. Sulfonation, a chemical modification process introducing sulfonic acid groups, enhances biomaterial properties. This review explores the effect of sulfonation and recent innovations in biomaterial applications. It covers hydrogels, scaffolds, [...] Read more.

This review provides an overview of the latest applications of sulfonated molecules in biomaterials. Sulfonation, a chemical modification process introducing sulfonic acid groups, enhances biomaterial properties. This review explores the effect of sulfonation and recent innovations in biomaterial applications. It covers hydrogels, scaffolds, and nanoparticles, emphasizing sulfonation’s unique advantages. The impact on cellular responses, including adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation, is discussed. This review also addresses sulfonated biomaterials’ role in regenerative medicine, drug delivery, and tissue engineering challenges. It also provides a small overview of the sources and features of marine-derived sulfonated molecules, emphasizing their potential roles in advancing scientific research. As a novel aspect, an unconventional complex, “traditional Chinese medicine” and its sulfonation method have come to the forefront after a thousand years of history. This article concludes with a reflection on current research and future avenues, highlighting sulfonation’s transformative potential in biomedicine. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Recent Progress in Surface and Interface Properties of Nanostructures)

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