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Editorial

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2 pages, 162 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Special Issue “Anti-Adhesive Surfaces”

by Giuseppe Carbone and Rosa Di Mundo

Coatings 2021, 11(3), 342; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings11030342 - 17 Mar 2021

Viewed by 1522

Abstract

Research and review articles tackling the theme of antiadhesive surfaces are here collected [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Adhesive Surfaces)

Research

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9 pages, 4875 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Direct Femtosecond Laser Fabrication of Superhydrophobic Aluminum Alloy Surfaces with Anti-icing Properties

by Annalisa Volpe, Caterina Gaudiuso, Leonardo Di Venere, Francesco Licciulli, Francesco Giordano and Antonio Ancona

Coatings 2020, 10(6), 587; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10060587 - 24 Jun 2020

Cited by 43 | Viewed by 3756

Abstract

Ice formation is a serious issue in many fields, from energy to aerospace, compromising the devices’ efficiency and security. Superhydrophobicity has been demonstrated to be correlated to the anti-icing properties of surfaces. However, fabricating surfaces with robust water repellence properties also at subzero [...] Read more.

Ice formation is a serious issue in many fields, from energy to aerospace, compromising the devices’ efficiency and security. Superhydrophobicity has been demonstrated to be correlated to the anti-icing properties of surfaces. However, fabricating surfaces with robust water repellence properties also at subzero temperature is still a great challenge. In this work, femtosecond laser (fs-laser) texturing is exploited to produce superhydrophobic surfaces with anti-icing properties on Al2024, an aluminum alloy of great interest in cold environments, in particular for aircraft production. Our textured substrates present self-cleaning properties and robust water repellency at subzero temperatures. Moreover, outstanding anti-icing properties are achieved on the textured surfaces at −20 °C, with water droplets bouncing off the surface before freezing. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Adhesive Surfaces)

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11 pages, 2970 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Bioinspired Superhydrophobic Surface Constructed from Hydrophilic Building Blocks: A Case Study of Core–Shell Polypyrrole-Coated Copper Nanoneedles

by Yang Liu, Ben Wang, Yuanfeng Wang, Jiareng Chen, Bin Cui, Pengfei Yin, Jianming Chen, Xinyu Zhang, Li Zhang and John H. Xin

Coatings 2020, 10(4), 347; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10040347 - 03 Apr 2020

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2917

Abstract

Hydrophilic polypyrrole-coated copper nanoneedles (PPy-CuNDs) were synthesized and utilized to construct a superhydrophobic surface on a polyethylene terephthalate fabric (PET) by using the spray-coating technique. The morphology of the as-synthesized PPy-CuNDs can be facilely tuned by changing the concentration of the reducing agent: [...] Read more.

Hydrophilic polypyrrole-coated copper nanoneedles (PPy-CuNDs) were synthesized and utilized to construct a superhydrophobic surface on a polyethylene terephthalate fabric (PET) by using the spray-coating technique. The morphology of the as-synthesized PPy-CuNDs can be facilely tuned by changing the concentration of the reducing agent: hydrazine monohydrate. The CuNDs with well-defined nanocrystalline structures and nanoscale thick, rough PPy coating layers were formed simultaneously in one pot. The PPy-CuNDs self-assembled into an entangled, stacking nanocarpet on the surface of the PET fabric, and they eventually formed a reentrant surface texture similar to that of chrysanthemum leaves. The PPy-CuND-PET surface initially showed good superhydrophobic properties, but a fast transition from the superhydrophobic state to the highly adhesive state was observed. The underlying mechanism of this transition and its potential applications were proposed in the context. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Adhesive Surfaces)

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17 pages, 6168 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Optimization of Antibacterial Properties of “Hybrid” Metal-Sputtered Superhydrophobic Surfaces

by Dionysia Kefallinou, Kosmas Ellinas, Thanassis Speliotis, Kostas Stamatakis, Evangelos Gogolides and Angeliki Tserepi

Coatings 2020, 10(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10010025 - 30 Dec 2019

Cited by 29 | Viewed by 3751

Abstract

Bacterial attachment and colonization to hygiene sensitive surfaces, both public and nosocomial, as well as in food industry areas, poses a serious problem to human healthcare. Several infection incidents are reported, while bacterial resistance to antibiotics is increasing. Recently, novel techniques for the [...] Read more.

Bacterial attachment and colonization to hygiene sensitive surfaces, both public and nosocomial, as well as in food industry areas, poses a serious problem to human healthcare. Several infection incidents are reported, while bacterial resistance to antibiotics is increasing. Recently, novel techniques for the design of antibacterial surfaces to limit bacterial spreading have emerged, including bifunctional antibacterial surfaces with antifouling and bactericidal action. In this context, we have recently developed smart, universal, metal-sputtered superhydrophobic surfaces, demonstrating both bacterial repulsion and killing efficacy. Herein, we present the optimization process that led to the realization of these “hybrid” antibacterial surfaces. To this end, two bactericidal agents, silver and copper, were tested for their efficiency against Gram-negative bacteria, with copper showing a stronger bactericidal action. In addition, between two low surface energy coatings, the fluorinated-alkyl self-assembled chlorosilane layer from perfluorinated octyltrichlorosilane (pFOTS) solution and the fluorocarbon layer from octafluorocyclobutane (C₄F₈) plasma were both approved for their anti-adhesive properties after immersion in bacterial solution. However, the latter was found to be more efficient when engrafted with the bactericidal agent in shielding its killing performance. Furthermore, the thickness of the plasma-deposited fluorocarbon layer was optimized, in order to simultaneously retain both the superhydrophobicity of the surface and its long-term bactericidal activity. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Adhesive Surfaces)

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15 pages, 4704 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of Novel Micro-Arc Oxidation Implant Material on Preventing Peri-Implantitis

by Xiaoyu Huang, Wen Zhou, Xuedong Zhou, Yao Hu, Pengfei Xiang, Bolei Li, Bangcheng Yang, Xian Peng, Biao Ren, Mingyun Li and Lei Cheng

Coatings 2019, 9(11), 691; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9110691 - 23 Oct 2019

Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2557

Abstract

Dental implants occasionally fail for many reasons, especially peri-implantitis. The adhesion of bacteria to the surface of titanium is the initial factor in peri-implantitis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of a novel micro-arc oxidation (MAO) titanium on [...] Read more.

Dental implants occasionally fail for many reasons, especially peri-implantitis. The adhesion of bacteria to the surface of titanium is the initial factor in peri-implantitis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effect of a novel micro-arc oxidation (MAO) titanium on bacteria inhibition and regulation through periodontitis, and on a healthy saliva-derived biofilm, in vitro. MAO, sandblasting and acid etching (SLA), machined titanium and plasma-sprayed hydroxyapatite (HA) were selected for further study. The metabolic activity and biomass accumulation were tested using MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) and crystal violet assay after 24 h of anaerobic incubation. The structure was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and live/dead staining. Moreover, 16S rDNA sequencing was used to assess the microbial community. The results showed that biofilms on MAO were thinner compared to HA and SLA. In the periodontitis group, the biofilm accumulation and metabolic activity reached the highest levels in the HA group (p < 0.05); MAO titanium had the smallest biofilm accumulation and higher live/dead ratio; and the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the SLA, HA and MAO groups increased significantly compared to the machined group (p < 0.05). In the healthy group, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus in the MAO group increased significantly compared to the other three groups (p < 0.05); the amount and metabolism activity of bacteria in the MAO group was lower (p < 0.05); MAO titanium had the least biofilm accumulation and a higher live/dead ratio. In conclusion, the novel MAO titanium had the ability to combat peri-implantitis by inhibiting the biofilm and regulating the microbial ecosystem to healthier conditions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Adhesive Surfaces)

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13 pages, 7825 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Water-Repellent Fluoropolymer-Based Coatings

by Guillermo Paz-Gómez, Juan Carlos del Caño-Ochoa, Oscar Rodríguez-Alabanda, Pablo E. Romero, Miguel Cabrerizo-Vílchez, Guillermo Guerrero-Vaca and Miguel Angel Rodríguez-Valverde

Coatings 2019, 9(5), 293; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9050293 - 28 Apr 2019

Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5320

Abstract

Fluoropolymer-based coatings are widely used for release applications. However, these hydrophobic surfaces do not reveal a significantly low adhesion. Water repellency incorporated to fluoropolymer coatings might enhance their release performance. In this work, we focused on the surface texturing of a well-known polytetrafluoroethylene [...] Read more.

Fluoropolymer-based coatings are widely used for release applications. However, these hydrophobic surfaces do not reveal a significantly low adhesion. Water repellency incorporated to fluoropolymer coatings might enhance their release performance. In this work, we focused on the surface texturing of a well-known polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based coating. We explored as texturing routes: sanding, sandblasting and laser ablation. We examined the surface roughness with white light confocal microscopy and the surface morphology with environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM). Water-repellent fluoropolymer coatings were reproduced in all cases, although with different degree, parametrized with bounces of water drops (4–5 μL). Laser ablation enabled the lowest adhesion of coatings with 24 ± 2 bounces. This result and the current development of laser patterning for industry assure the incipient use of laser ablation for release coatings. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Adhesive Surfaces)

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Review

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23 pages, 2519 KiB

Open AccessReview

Water and Ice Adhesion to Solid Surfaces: Common and Specific, the Impact of Temperature and Surface Wettability

by Kirill A. Emelyanenko, Alexandre M. Emelyanenko and Ludmila B. Boinovich

Coatings 2020, 10(7), 648; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10070648 - 05 Jul 2020

Cited by 57 | Viewed by 6380

Abstract

Ice adhesion plays a crucial role in the performance of materials under outdoor conditions, where the mitigation of snow and ice accumulation or spontaneous shedding of solid water precipitations are highly desirable. In this brief review we compare the adhesion of water and [...] Read more.

Ice adhesion plays a crucial role in the performance of materials under outdoor conditions, where the mitigation of snow and ice accumulation or spontaneous shedding of solid water precipitations are highly desirable. In this brief review we compare the adhesion of water and ice to different surfaces and consider the mechanisms of ice adhesion to solids basing on the surface forces analysis. The role of a premelted or quasi-liquid layer (QLL) in the ice adhesion is discussed with the emphasis on superhydrophobic surfaces, and the temperature dependence of ice adhesion strength is considered with an account of QLL. We also very briefly mention some recent methods for the measurement of ice adhesion strength to the icephobic engineering materials outlining the problems which remain to be experimentally solved. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Adhesive Surfaces)

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36 pages, 11866 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Recent Advances in Hydrophobic and Icephobic Surface Treatments of Concrete

by Rosa Di Mundo, Claudia Labianca, Giuseppe Carbone and Michele Notarnicola

Coatings 2020, 10(5), 449; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings10050449 - 05 May 2020

Cited by 62 | Viewed by 8006

Abstract

In this review, we present a survey on hydrophobic surface treatments of concrete, important protection tools against deterioration and corrosion phenomena. In the frame of a standardized distinction in coatings, pore blockage, and impregnation methods, we highlight the huge variety of compounds and [...] Read more.

In this review, we present a survey on hydrophobic surface treatments of concrete, important protection tools against deterioration and corrosion phenomena. In the frame of a standardized distinction in coatings, pore blockage, and impregnation methods, we highlight the huge variety of compounds and formulations utilized, and the different performances reached in terms of water contact angle, water absorption, chloride penetration, and, rarely reported, anti-icing/icephobic action. Our view covers the spectrum of the surface treatments, but also makes a comparison with hydrophobic bulk modifications of concrete, procedures often utilized as well; further, novel proposals of more sustainable routes are presented. We note that coating and impregnation, preferably when based on polyurethane and silane/siloxane, respectively, appear more effective against water ingress. The achieved wetting character is hydrophobic or, at most, overhydrophobic. Superhydrophobic coatings for concrete have been obtained by embedding nano-powders in hydrophobic emulsions, allowing to add a nanotexture to the preexisting complex roughness of the material. Concrete treated with this type of coating has also recently shown a pronounced icephobic character, a parameter that goes beyond the freeze–thaw characterization usually conducted on cement-based materials. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Adhesive Surfaces)

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19 pages, 10239 KiB

Open AccessFeature PaperReview

Plasma Nano-Texturing of Polymers for Wettability Control: Why, What and How

by Fabio Palumbo, Chiara Lo Porto and Pietro Favia

Coatings 2019, 9(10), 640; https://doi.org/10.3390/coatings9100640 - 03 Oct 2019

Cited by 25 | Viewed by 5547

Abstract

Nano-texturing of polymers offers the possibility to drive important surface properties such as wettability and anti-reflectivity. Interestingly, plasma can lead to the desired characteristic of nanofeatures through a one step process based onto dry plasma etching. In this work, the literature concerning such [...] Read more.

Nano-texturing of polymers offers the possibility to drive important surface properties such as wettability and anti-reflectivity. Interestingly, plasma can lead to the desired characteristic of nanofeatures through a one step process based onto dry plasma etching. In this work, the literature concerning such plasma nano-texturing will be reviewed for different polymers, and in particular, for applications based upon wettability control. Then the mechanism of such processes will be commented upon, with a glance to the different characteristics of the polymers. Finally, some hints onto a feasible approach to plasma nano-texturing of the different polymers will be given. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Anti-Adhesive Surfaces)

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