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Molecular Research in Vaccinology and Vaccine Development
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Molecular Research in Vaccinology and Vaccine Development

A special issue of Current Issues in Molecular Biology (ISSN 1467-3045). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 2052

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Attila Farsang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Doktoral School, University of Veterinary Medicine, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary
Interests: coronaviruses; veterinary vaccines; development and testing of in vitro methods for vaccine control; coronaviruses; feline infectious peritonitis virus

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Vaccines play an utmost role in both human and veterinary medicine. The roots of vaccinology and immunprophylaxis is dating back to 19. century, the work of Louis Pasteur (1822–1895) and Robert Koch (1843–1910). The idea of vaccines emerged realising we could be able to “teach” immune system to the fight against specific pathogens providing attenuated agents which do not trigger clinical symptoms and generates onset of immunity. Applying this approach our vaccines as specific products with biological profile must be compliant to the following criteria: (i.) safety; (ii.) efficacy; (iii.) potency and (iv.) purity. Both the industrial production and authority control serve the completion of these four criteria. Nowadays many particular types of vaccines are at our disposal from the so-called inactivated vaccines to the RNA-based ones. In this special issue, discussions about the example veterinary and human virus the evolution and specific types of vaccines are all welcomed.

Dr. Attila Farsang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Current Issues in Molecular Biology is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • vaccines
  • vaccinology
  • immunology mechanisms
  • vaccine vectors
  • gene vaccines
  • infection
  • host–pathogen interactions and responses

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

17 pages, 6172 KiB  
Article
An Expeditious Neutralization Assay for Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Based on a Recombinant Virus Expressing Green Fluorescent Protein
by Juan Wang, Jiecong Yan, Shuaiyong Wang, Ronglin Chen, Yanru Xing, Qingyan Liu, Shuolei Gao, Yuxiang Zhu, Jiannan Li, Yanjun Zhou, Tongling Shan, Wu Tong, Hao Zheng, Ning Kong, Yifeng Jiang, Changlong Liu, Guangzhi Tong and Hai Yu
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2024, 46(2), 1047-1063; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb46020066 - 23 Jan 2024
Viewed by 616
Abstract
Due to the extensive genetic and antigenic variation in Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV), as well as its rapid mutability and evolution, PRRS prevention and control can be challenging. An expeditious and sensitive neutralization assay for PRRSV is presented to monitor [...] Read more.
Due to the extensive genetic and antigenic variation in Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV), as well as its rapid mutability and evolution, PRRS prevention and control can be challenging. An expeditious and sensitive neutralization assay for PRRSV is presented to monitor neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) in serum during vaccine research. Here, a PRRSV expressing eGFP was successfully rescued with reverse genetics based on the infectious clone HuN4-F112-eGFP which we constructed. The fluorescent protein expressions of the reporter viruses remained stable for at least five passages. Based on this reporter virus, the neutralization assay can be easily used to evaluate the level of NAbs by counting cells with green fluorescence. Compared with the classical CPE assay, the newly developed assay increases sensitivity by one- to four-fold at the early antibody response stage, thus saving 2 days of assay waiting time. By using this assay to unveil the dynamics of neutralizing antibodies against PRRSV, priming immunity through either a single virulent challenge or only vaccination could produce limited NAbs, but re-infection with PRRSV would induce a faster and stronger NAb response. Overall, the novel HuN4-F112-eGFP-based neutralization assay holds the potential to provide a highly efficient platform for evaluating the next generation of PRRS vaccines. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Vaccinology and Vaccine Development)
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12 pages, 2753 KiB  
Article
Impact of Genomic Deletion RD16 on the Expression of the Mycobacterium bovis BCG Moreau VapBC47 Toxin-Antitoxin System
by Talita Duarte Pagani, Paloma Rezende Corrêa, Cristiane Lima, Leonardo Henrique Ferreira Gomes, Marcos Gustavo Araujo Schwarz, Teca Calcagno Galvão, Wim Maurits Degrave, Napoleão Fonseca Valadares and Leila Mendonça-Lima
Curr. Issues Mol. Biol. 2023, 45(8), 6538-6549; https://doi.org/10.3390/cimb45080412 - 07 Aug 2023
Viewed by 1037
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis BCG is the only vaccine against tuberculosis. The variable forms of cultivation throughout the years, before seed-lots were developed, allowed in vitro evolution of the original strain, generating a family of vaccines with different phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Molecular studies revealed [...] Read more.
Mycobacterium bovis BCG is the only vaccine against tuberculosis. The variable forms of cultivation throughout the years, before seed-lots were developed, allowed in vitro evolution of the original strain, generating a family of vaccines with different phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Molecular studies revealed regions of difference (RDs) in the genomes of the various BCG strains. This work aims to characterize the gene pair rv3407-rv3408 (vapB47-vapC47), coding for a toxin–antitoxin system of the VapBC family, and to evaluate possible transcriptional effects due to the adjacent BCG Moreau-specific genomic deletion RD16. We show that these genes are co-transcribed in BCG strains Moreau and Pasteur, and that the inactivation of an upstream transcriptional repressor (Rv3405c) due to RD16 has a polar effect, leading to increased vapBC47 expression. Furthermore, we detect VapB47 DNA binding in vitro, dependent on a 5′ vapB47 sequence that contributes to a palindrome, spanning the promoter and coding region. Our data shed light on the regulation of VapBC systems and on the impact of the BCG Moreau RD16 deletion in the expression of adjacent genes, contributing to a better understanding of BCG Moreau physiology. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular Research in Vaccinology and Vaccine Development)
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