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Cancers
Special Issues
CAR T-cell Therapy for Lymphoma Research
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CAR T-cell Therapy for Lymphoma Research

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Therapy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 8019

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dimitrios Tzachanis

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Interests: stem cell transplantation; GVHD; CAR-T cells; hematologic malignancies; cancer immunotherapy
Dr. Ah-Reum Jeong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
Interests: CAR T-cell therapy; lymphoma; plasma cell dyscrasia

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy has revolutionized the treatment paradigm of various relapsed/refractory lymphomas that historically had limited treatment options and poor prognoses. The long-term progression-free survival after CAR T-cell therapy is 40 to 60% depending on the type of lymphoma, an astounding improvement from 10 to 20% in such a heavily pre-treated population. These advancements have led to the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approving CAR T-cell therapy for the treatment of relapsed/refractory diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, and mantle cell lymphoma.

Despite remarkable achievements, there are several limitations that warrant improvements. A substantial percentage of patients continue to relapse, and CAR T-cell therapy is associated with significant side effects of cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity, which limit its use in certain populations.

Active research is ongoing in the field of CAR T-cell therapy to improve its efficacy, decrease the manufacturing time, prevent and/or treat side effects, predict response, understand the mechanism of relapse, and improve access to therapy. This Special Issue aims to improve our understanding of various aspects of CAR T-cell therapy for lymphomas.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: 1) advances in the construction of CAR T-cells, including off-the-shelf CAR T-cells and bispecific CAR T-cells; 2) expanding CAR T-cell therapy to non-approved indications; 3) combination therapy with different agents; 4) biomarkers for response and relapse; 5) prevention and treatment of related side effects; 6) disparity in access to CAR T-cell therapy; and 7) long-term complications and survivorship issues.

We look forward to receiving your contribution.

Dr. Dimitrios Tzachanis
Dr. Ah-Reum Jeong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • CAR T-cell therapy
  • lymphoma
  • cytokine-release syndrome
  • neurotoxicity
  • biomarker

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 1302 KiB  
Article
Outcomes of Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Therapy in Patients with Large B-Cell Lymphoma (LBCL): A Single-Institution Experience
by Aaron Trando, Anna Ter-Zakarian, Phillip Yeung, Aaron M. Goodman, Ayad Hamdan, Michael Hurley, Ah-Reum Jeong and Dimitrios Tzachanis
Cancers 2023, 15(18), 4671; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15184671 - 21 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1468
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). We describe the real-world baseline characteristics, efficacy, safety, and post-relapse outcomes of adult patients with R/R LBCL who received CAR T-cell therapy at the University [...] Read more.
Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR T-cell) therapy has revolutionized the treatment of relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL). We describe the real-world baseline characteristics, efficacy, safety, and post-relapse outcomes of adult patients with R/R LBCL who received CAR T-cell therapy at the University of California San Diego. A total of 66 patients with LBCL were treated with tisagenlecleucel or axicabtagene ciloleucel. The median age was 59.5, and 21% were over 70 years old. Additionally, 20% of the patients had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score of ≥2. Cytokine release syndrome incidence was 88%; immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome incidence was 56%. All-grade infection occurred in 48% of patients and in 79% of patients > 70 years old. Complete response (CR) was achieved in 53% and partial response in 14%. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 10.3 months; median overall survival (OS) was 28.4 months. Patients who relapsed post-CAR T-cell therapy had poor outcomes, with a median OS2 of 4.8 months. Upon multivariate analysis, both ECOG (HR 2.65, 95% CI: 1.30–5.41; p = 0.007) and ≥2 sites of extranodal involvement (HR 2.22, 95% CI: 1.15–4.31; p = 0.018) were significant predictors of PFS. Twenty-six patients were R/R to CAR T-cell therapy; six patients were in remission at the time of data cut off, one of whom received allogeneic transplant. Overall, older patients can safely undergo CAR T-cell therapy, despite the increased risk of all-grade infection. In our cohort, ECOG performance score and ≥2 sites of extranodal disease are significant predictors of PFS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CAR T-cell Therapy for Lymphoma Research)
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Review

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23 pages, 643 KiB  
Review
Chimeric Antigen Receptor-T Cell Therapy for Lymphoma: New Settings and Future Directions
by Corrado Benevolo Savelli, Michele Clerico, Barbara Botto, Carolina Secreto, Federica Cavallo, Chiara Dellacasa, Alessandro Busca, Benedetto Bruno, Roberto Freilone, Marco Cerrano and Mattia Novo
Cancers 2024, 16(1), 46; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers16010046 (registering DOI) - 21 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1221
Abstract
In the last decade, anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy has led to a treatment paradigm shift for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, first with the approval for relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphomas and subsequently for R/R mantle cell and follicular lymphoma. Many efforts are continuously being [...] Read more.
In the last decade, anti-CD19 CAR-T cell therapy has led to a treatment paradigm shift for B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas, first with the approval for relapsed/refractory (R/R) large B-cell lymphomas and subsequently for R/R mantle cell and follicular lymphoma. Many efforts are continuously being made to extend the therapeutic setting in the lymphoma field. Several reports are supporting the safety and efficacy of CAR-T cells in patients with central nervous system disease involvement. Anti-CD30 CAR-T cells for the treatment of Hodgkin lymphoma are in development and early studies looking for the optimal target for T-cell malignancies are ongoing. Anti-CD19/CD20 and CD19/CD22 dual targeting CAR-T cells are under investigation in order to increase anti-lymphoma activity and overcome tumor immune escape. Allogeneic CAR product engineering is on the way, representing a rapidly accessible ‘off-the-shelf’ and potentially more fit product. In the present manuscript, we will focus on recent advances in CAR-T cell therapy for lymphomas, including new settings and future perspectives in the field, reviewing data reported in literature in the last decade up to October 2023. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CAR T-cell Therapy for Lymphoma Research)
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13 pages, 1181 KiB  
Review
CAR-T Cell Therapy and the Gut Microbiota
by Sahana Asokan, Nyssa Cullin, Christoph K. Stein-Thoeringer and Eran Elinav
Cancers 2023, 15(3), 794; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15030794 - 28 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4717
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) - T cell cancer therapy has yielded promising results in treating hematologic malignancies in clinical studies, and a growing number of CAR-T regimens are approved for clinical usage. While the therapy is considered of great potential in expanding the [...] Read more.
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) - T cell cancer therapy has yielded promising results in treating hematologic malignancies in clinical studies, and a growing number of CAR-T regimens are approved for clinical usage. While the therapy is considered of great potential in expanding the cancer immunotherapy arsenal, more than half of patients receiving CAR-T infusions do not respond, while others develop significant adverse effects, collectively indicating a need for optimization of CAR-T treatment to the individual. The microbiota is increasingly suggested as a major modulator of immunotherapy responsiveness. Studying causal microbiota roles possibly contributing to CAR-T therapy efficacy, adverse effects reduction, and prediction of patient responsiveness constitutes an exciting area of active research. Herein, we discuss the latest developments implicating human microbiota involvement in CAR-T therapy, while highlighting challenges and promises in harnessing the microbiota as a predictor and modifier of CAR-T treatment towards optimized efficacy and minimization of treatment-related adverse effects. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue CAR T-cell Therapy for Lymphoma Research)
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