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Cancers
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New Insights into Bilio-Pancreatic Malignancies
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New Insights into Bilio-Pancreatic Malignancies

A special issue of Cancers (ISSN 2072-6694). This special issue belongs to the section "Cancer Causes, Screening and Diagnosis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 November 2022) | Viewed by 8215

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Sergio Rizzo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Services, IRCCS – ISMETT, Palermo, Italy
Interests: pancreatic cancer; biliary tract cancer; multimodality therapy; neoadjuvant therapy; ultrasound endoscopy; inflammation and cancer; surgical resection; recurrent cancer; radiotherapy; immunotherapy

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bilio-pancreatic malignancies occur in the organs of the biliary system, and include pancreatic cancer, gallbladder cancer, and cancer of bile ducts. They are among the most challenging malignancies facing oncologists. Surgical resection remains the only potential curative option, but unfortunately, about one out of five patients undergo a resection with radical intent. In the vast majority of cases the stage at diagnosis is locally advanced or metastatic.

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of Cancers focused on the new insights in bilio-pancreatic malignancies. This Special Issue aims to shed light on some aspects of biliary and pancreatic cancer natural history, diagnosis, and therapy.

In this Special Issue, original research articles and reviews are welcome. Research areas may include (but are not limited to) the following: translational research, ultrasound endoscopy, surgery, radiotherapy, and medical therapy.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. Sergio Rizzo
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Cancers is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pancreatic cancer
  • biliary tract cancer
  • multimodality therapy
  • neoadjuvant therapy
  • ultrasound endoscopy
  • inflammation and cancer
  • surgical resection
  • recurrent cancer
  • radiotherapy
  • immunotherapy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 1495 KiB  
Article
Dysbiosis of the Fecal and Biliary Microbiota in Biliary Tract Cancer
by Zensho Ito, Shigeo Koido, Kumiko Kato, Toshitaka Odamaki, Sankichi Horiuchi, Takafumi Akasu, Masayuki Saruta, Taigo Hata, Yu Kumagai, Shuichi Fujioka, Takeyuki Misawa, Jin-zhong Xiao, Nobuhiro Sato and Toshifumi Ohkusa
Cancers 2022, 14(21), 5379; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14215379 - 31 Oct 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1960
Abstract
Characteristic bile duct and gut microbiota have been identified in patients with chronic biliary tract disease. This study aimed to characterize the fecal and bile microbiota in biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients and their relationship. Patients with BTC (n = 30) and [...] Read more.
Characteristic bile duct and gut microbiota have been identified in patients with chronic biliary tract disease. This study aimed to characterize the fecal and bile microbiota in biliary tract cancer (BTC) patients and their relationship. Patients with BTC (n = 30) and benign biliary disease (BBD) without cholangitis (n = 11) were included. Ten healthy, age-matched subjects were also recruited for fecal microbiota comparison. The fecal and bile duct microbiotas were analyzed by sequencing the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 region. Live bacteria were obtained in the bile from three BTC patients by culture, and metagenomics-based identification was performed. Linear discriminant analysis effect size showed a higher Enterobacteriaceae abundance and a lower Clostridia abundance, including that of Faecalibacterium and Coprococcus, in the BTC patients than in the other subjects. Ten of 17 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) assigned to Enterobacteriaceae in the bile were matched with the OTUs found in the BTC subject fecal samples. Furthermore, a bile-isolated strain possessed the carcinogenic bacterial colipolyketide synthase-encoding gene. Enterobacteriaceae was enriched in the BTC feces, and more than half of Enterobacteriaceae in the bile matched that in the feces at the OTU level. Our data suggests that fecal microbiota dysbiosis may contribute to BTC onset. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Bilio-Pancreatic Malignancies)
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11 pages, 2599 KiB  
Article
Use of Endoscopic Scraper and Cell Block Technique as a Replacement for Conventional Brush for Diagnosing Malignant Biliary Strictures
by Akihisa Kato, Hiroyuki Kato, Itaru Naitoh, Kazuki Hayashi, Michihiro Yoshida, Yasuki Hori, Kenta Kachi, Go Asano, Hidenori Sahashi, Tadashi Toyohara, Kayoko Kuno, Yusuke Kito, Satoru Takahashi and Hiromi Kataoka
Cancers 2022, 14(17), 4147; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14174147 - 27 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1183
Abstract
Histological evidence is essential for diagnosing malignant biliary strictures. However, conventional brush cytology remains the primary method used worldwide, despite its low diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy, as it is technically easy, rapid, and cost-effective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the [...] Read more.
Histological evidence is essential for diagnosing malignant biliary strictures. However, conventional brush cytology remains the primary method used worldwide, despite its low diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy, as it is technically easy, rapid, and cost-effective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of a recently introduced endoscopic scraper, the simplicity of which is comparable to that of a conventional brush, by comparing diagnostic yields and the number of collected cells. The sensitivity of the endoscopic scraper when using the cell block technique was significantly higher than when using brush cytology or a brush with the cell block technique (53.6% vs. 30.9%, p < 0.001; 53.6% vs. 31.6%, p = 0.024, respectively). Quantitative digital image analysis of cell block sections revealed that the median number of cells obtained with the endoscopic scraper was significantly higher than when using the brush (1917 vs. 1014 cells, p = 0.042). Furthermore, seven cases (8.3%; 7/84) were diagnosed by immunohistochemical analysis of the cell block section obtained from the endoscopic scraper. Given its simplicity and greater capacity for sample acquisition, use of the endoscopic scraper in conjunction with the cell block technique could replace brush cytology for the histological diagnosis of malignant biliary strictures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Bilio-Pancreatic Malignancies)
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12 pages, 1038 KiB  
Article
The Increasing Role of CT-Guided Cryoablation for the Treatment of Liver Cancer: A Single-Center Report
by Claudio Pusceddu, Luigi Mascia, Chiara Ninniri, Nicola Ballicu, Stefano Zedda, Luca Melis, Giulia Deiana, Alberto Porcu and Alessandro Fancellu
Cancers 2022, 14(12), 3018; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers14123018 - 19 Jun 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2192
Abstract
Purpose: Cryoablation (CrA) is a minimally invasive treatment that can be used in primary and metastatic liver cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of CrA in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver metastases. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated [...] Read more.
Purpose: Cryoablation (CrA) is a minimally invasive treatment that can be used in primary and metastatic liver cancer. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of CrA in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and liver metastases. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the patients who had CrA for HCC or liver metastases between 2015 and 2020. Technical success, complete ablation, CrA-related complications, local tumor progression, local recurrences, and distant metastases were evaluated in the study population. In patients with HCC, the median survival was also estimated. Results: Sixty-four liver tumors in 49 patients were treated with CrA (50 metastases and 14 HCC). The mean tumor diameter was 2.15 cm. The mean follow-up was 19.8 months. Technical success was achieved in the whole study population. Complete tumor ablation was observed after one month in 92% of lesions treated with CrA (79% and 96% in the HCC Group and metastases Group, respectively, p < 0.001). Local tumor progression occurred in 12.5 of lesions, with no difference between the study groups (p = 0.105). Sixteen patients (33%) developed local recurrence (45% and 29% in the HCC Group and metastases Group, respectively, p = 0.477). Seven patients (14%) developed distant metastases in the follow-up period. Ten patients (20.8%) underwent redo CrA for local recurrence or incomplete tumor ablation. Minor complications were observed in 14% of patients. In patients with HCC, the median survival was 22 months. Conclusions: CrA can be safely used for treatment of HCC and liver metastases not amenable of surgical resection. Further studies are necessary to better define the role of CrA in the multidisciplinary treatment of liver malignancies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Bilio-Pancreatic Malignancies)
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Review

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23 pages, 761 KiB  
Review
Microbiota in the Natural History of Pancreatic Cancer: From Predisposition to Therapy
by Cecilia Binda, Giulia Gibiino, Monica Sbrancia, Chiara Coluccio, Maria Cazzato, Lorenzo Carloni, Alessandro Cucchetti, Giorgio Ercolani, Vittorio Sambri and Carlo Fabbri
Cancers 2023, 15(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers15010001 - 20 Dec 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2400
Abstract
Early microbiome insights came from gut microbes and their role among intestinal and extraintestinal disease. The latest evidence suggests that the microbiota is a true organ, capable of several interactions throughout the digestive system, attracting specific interest in the biliopancreatic district. Despite advances [...] Read more.
Early microbiome insights came from gut microbes and their role among intestinal and extraintestinal disease. The latest evidence suggests that the microbiota is a true organ, capable of several interactions throughout the digestive system, attracting specific interest in the biliopancreatic district. Despite advances in diagnostics over the last few decades and improvements in the management of this disease, pancreatic cancer is still a common cause of cancer death. Microbiota can influence the development of precancerous disease predisposing to pancreatic cancer (PC). At the same time, neoplastic tissue shows specific characteristics in terms of diversity and phenotype, determining the short- and long-term prognosis. Considering the above information, a role for microbiota has also been hypothesized in the different phases of the PC approach, providing future revolutionary therapeutic insights. Microbiota-modulating therapies could open new issues in the therapeutic landscape. The aim of this narrative review is to assess the most updated evidence on microbiome in all the steps regarding pancreatic adenocarcinoma, from early development to response to antineoplastic therapy and long-term prognosis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue New Insights into Bilio-Pancreatic Malignancies)
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