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Biomolecules
Special Issues
Gaseous Transmitters and Cardiovascular System
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Gaseous Transmitters and Cardiovascular System

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2022) | Viewed by 15163

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Sona Cacanyiova

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Guest Editor
Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
Interests: physiology and patophysiology of cardiovascular system aimed on function of endothelium, smooth muscle cells and nerve regulation; investigation of signal pathways enagaged to the etiopathology of hypertension and metabolic syndrome, nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide predominantly; evaluation of the activity of conduit and resistance arteries using functional methods in vivo and in vitro in animal experimental models as well as in samples of patients
Dr. Satomi Kagota

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, Nishinomiya 663 8184, Japan
Interests: perivascular adipose tissue; protease-activated receptor 2; metabolic syndrome; vascular endothelium; cardiovascular function
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andrea Berenyiova

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center of Experimental Medicine of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Normal and Pathological Physiology, 841 04 Bratislava, Slovakia
Interests: vascular biology; endohtelial dysfunction; arteries

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In the last two decades, a large body of experimental evidence has demonstrated that gaseous transmitters, which have signaled the end of the traditional concept of intercellular signalization, might play a crucial role in cardiovascular system regulation. Unlike classical messengers, they are not readily stored in vesicular structures, are re-synthesized as needed, and affect cellular metabolism in a more immediate fashion. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon monoxide (CO), next to nitric oxide (NO), are the most recently studied endogenous gaseous mediators, and their role in the regulation of cardiovascular system physiology and pathophysiology has been emphasized.

This Special Issue is focused on the role of NO, H2S, and CO in the regulation of the cardiovascular system under both normal and pathological conditions. All three gaseous messengers synchronize complicated processes, such as blood pressure regulation, vessel tone modulation, neurotransmission, angiogenesis, and endothelial and heart function. Moreover, a possible crosstalk among NO, H2S, and CO produced endogenously or released from chemical donors, as well as their potential therapeutic applications, has attracted great attention from many fields of biomedicine. This Special Issue welcomes original research articles and reviews on all aspects of the molecular mechanisms and functional action of gaseous transmitters as well as those on the effectiveness of their donors in experimental or clinical studies.

Dr. Sona Cacanyiova
Dr. Satomi Kagota
Dr. Andrea Berenyiova
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Gaseous transmitters
  • Nitric oxide
  • Hydrogen sulfide
  • Carbon monoxide
  • Cardiovascular system

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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11 pages, 1365 KiB  
Article
Role of Prostaglandins in Nitric Oxide-Induced Glial Cell-Mediated Vasodilation in Rat Retina
by Asami Mori, Haruka Seki, Satoru Mizukoshi, Takashi Uezono and Kenji Sakamoto
Biomolecules 2022, 12(10), 1403; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12101403 - 01 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1331
Abstract
We previously identified that NO derived from neuronal cells acts on glial cells and causes vasodilation in the healthy rat retina via the release of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and prostaglandins (PGs) by activation of the arachidonic acid cascade. However, it is not clear [...] Read more.
We previously identified that NO derived from neuronal cells acts on glial cells and causes vasodilation in the healthy rat retina via the release of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and prostaglandins (PGs) by activation of the arachidonic acid cascade. However, it is not clear which PG types are involved in these responses. The aim of the present study was to identify prostanoid receptors involved in glial cell-derived vasodilation induced by NO in rat retina. Male Wistar rats were used to examine the effects of intravitreal pretreatment with indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor; PF-04418948, a prostanoid EP2 receptor antagonist; and CAY10441, a prostanoid IP receptor antagonist, on the changes in the retinal arteriolar diameter induced by intravitreal administration of NOR3, an NO donor. Retinal arteriolar diameters were measured using ocular fundus images captured with a high-resolution digital camera in vivo. The increase in the retinal arteriolar diameter induced by intravitreal injection of NOR3 was significantly suppressed by intravitreal pretreatment with indomethacin and PF-04418948, but not by CAY10441. The dose of PF-04418948 and CAY10441 injected intravitreally in the present study significantly reduced the increase in the retinal arteriolar diameter induced by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), respectively. These results suggest that activation of the arachidonic acid cascade and subsequent stimulation of prostanoid EP2 receptors are involved in rat retinal vasodilatory responses evoked by NO-induced glial cell stimulation. Therefore, glial cell-derived PGE2, similar to EETs, may play an important role in retinal vasodilatory mechanisms. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gaseous Transmitters and Cardiovascular System)
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15 pages, 3586 KiB  
Article
Characterization of Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation in the Saphenous Artery and Its Caudal Branches in Young and Old Adult Sprague Dawley Rats
by Andrea N. Wang, Graham M. Fraser and John J. McGuire
Biomolecules 2022, 12(7), 889; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12070889 - 25 Jun 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2707
Abstract
Ageing is associated with reduced endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) production in the femoral artery of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. In the current study, we examined endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) in the saphenous artery and its caudal branches. We used acetylcholine and the Proteinase-Activated receptor-2 [...] Read more.
Ageing is associated with reduced endothelium-derived nitric oxide (NO) production in the femoral artery of Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. In the current study, we examined endothelium-dependent relaxation (EDR) in the saphenous artery and its caudal branches. We used acetylcholine and the Proteinase-Activated receptor-2 (PAR2)-specific agonist (2fLIGRLO) with nitroarginine methylester (L-NAME) to assess EDR in two groups of male SD rats (age in weeks: young, 10–12; old, 27–29). Acetylcholine and 2fLIGRLO were potent NO-dependent relaxant agents in all arteries. For all arteries, EDR by acetylcholine decreased significantly in old compared to young SD rats. Interestingly, PAR2-induced EDR of proximal saphenous artery segments and caudal branches decreased significantly in old compared to young, but did not differ for the in-between middle and distal ends of the saphenous artery. L-NAME treatment increased subsequent contractions of proximal and middle segments of saphenous arteries by phenylephrine and U46619 in young, but not in old, SD rats. We conclude the SD saphenous artery and caudal branches exhibit regional characteristics that differ in response to specific EDR agonists, endothelial NO synthase inhibitor, and changes to endothelium function with increased age, which are, in part, attributed to decreased sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle to the gaseous transmitter NO. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gaseous Transmitters and Cardiovascular System)
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12 pages, 1247 KiB  
Article
Modulation of Vasomotor Function by Perivascular Adipose Tissue of Renal Artery Depends on Severity of Arterial Dysfunction to Nitric Oxide and Severity of Metabolic Parameters
by Satomi Kagota, Risa Futokoro, John J. McGuire, Kana Maruyama-Fumoto and Kazumasa Shinozuka
Biomolecules 2022, 12(7), 870; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12070870 - 23 Jun 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1501
Abstract
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) enhances vascular relaxation of mesenteric arteries in SHRSP.Z-Leprfa/IzmDmcr rats (SPZF), a metabolic syndrome model. We investigated and compared the effects of PVAT on the renal artery in SPZF with those on SHR/NDmcr-cp rats (CP). Renal arteries [...] Read more.
Perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) enhances vascular relaxation of mesenteric arteries in SHRSP.Z-Leprfa/IzmDmcr rats (SPZF), a metabolic syndrome model. We investigated and compared the effects of PVAT on the renal artery in SPZF with those on SHR/NDmcr-cp rats (CP). Renal arteries with and without PVAT were isolated from 23-week-old SPZF and CP. The effects of PVAT on acetylcholine- and nitroprusside-induced relaxation were examined using bioassays with phenylephrine-contracted arterial rings. Acetylcholine-induced relaxations without PVAT in SPZF and CP were 0.7- and 0.5-times lower in females than in males, respectively. In the presence of PVAT, acetylcholine-induced relaxations increased 1.4- and 2-times in male and female CP, respectively, but did not differ in SPZF. Nitroprusside-induced relaxation with and without PVAT was 0.7-times lower in female than in male SPZF but did not differ in CP. Angiotensin-II type-1 receptor (AT1R)/AT1R-associated protein mRNA ratios were lower in CP than in the SPZF and negatively correlated with the difference in arterial relaxation with and without PVAT. The effects of renal artery PVAT differed between the SPZF and CP groups. Higher levels of enhanced AT1R activity in SPZF PVAT may drive these differences by impairing the vascular smooth muscle responses to nitric oxide. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gaseous Transmitters and Cardiovascular System)
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16 pages, 1581 KiB  
Article
The Vasoactive Effect of Perivascular Adipose Tissue and Hydrogen Sulfide in Thoracic Aortas of Normotensive and Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats
by Samuel Golas, Andrea Berenyiova, Miroslava Majzunova, Magdalena Drobna, Muobarak J. Tuorkey and Sona Cacanyiova
Biomolecules 2022, 12(3), 457; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom12030457 - 16 Mar 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2059
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the vasoregulatory role of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and its mutual interaction with endogenous and exogenous H2S in the thoracic aorta (TA) of adult normotensive Wistar rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). In [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to investigate the vasoregulatory role of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and its mutual interaction with endogenous and exogenous H2S in the thoracic aorta (TA) of adult normotensive Wistar rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). In SHRs, hypertension was associated with cardiac hypertrophy and increased contractility. Regardless of the strain, PVAT revealed an anticontractile effect; however, PVAT worsened endothelial-dependent vasorelaxation. Since H2S produced by both the vascular wall and PVAT had a pro-contractile effect in SHRs, H2S decreased the sensitivity of adrenergic receptors to noradrenaline in Wistar rats. While H2S had no contribution to endothelium-dependent relaxation in Wistar rats, in SHRs, H2S produced by the vascular wall had a pro-relaxant effect. We observed a larger vasorelaxation induced by exogenous H2S donor in SHRs than in Wistar rats. Additionally, in the presence of PVAT, this effect was potentiated. We demonstrated that PVAT of the TA aggravated endothelial function in SHRs. However, H2S produced by the TA vascular wall had a pro-relaxation effect, and PVAT revealed anti-contractile activity mediated by the release of an unknown factor and potentiated the vasorelaxation induced by exogenous H2S. All these actions could represent a form of compensatory mechanism to balance impaired vascular tone regulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gaseous Transmitters and Cardiovascular System)
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19 pages, 7235 KiB  
Article
Cardiovascular “Patterns” of H2S and SSNO−-Mix Evaluated from 35 Rat Hemodynamic Parameters
by Lenka Tomasova, Marian Grman, Anton Misak, Lucia Kurakova, Elena Ondriasova and Karol Ondrias
Biomolecules 2021, 11(2), 293; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11020293 - 16 Feb 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2215
Abstract
This work is based on the hypothesis that it is possible to characterize the cardiovascular system just from the detailed shape of the arterial pulse waveform (APW). Since H2S, NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and their H2S/GSNO products (SSNO− [...] Read more.
This work is based on the hypothesis that it is possible to characterize the cardiovascular system just from the detailed shape of the arterial pulse waveform (APW). Since H2S, NO donor S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) and their H2S/GSNO products (SSNO−-mix) have numerous biological actions, we aimed to compare their effects on APW and to find characteristic “patterns” of their actions. The right jugular vein of anesthetized rats was cannulated for i.v. administration of the compounds. The left carotid artery was cannulated to detect APW. From APW, 35 hemodynamic parameters (HPs) were evaluated. H2S transiently influenced all 35 HPs and from their cross-relationships to systolic blood pressure “patterns” and direct/indirect signaling pathways of the H2S effect were proposed. The observed “patterns” were mostly different from the published ones for GSNO. Effect of SSNO−-mix (≤32 nmol kg−1) on blood pressure in the presence or absence of a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor (L-NAME) was minor in comparison to GSNO, suggesting that the formation of SSNO−-mix in blood diminished the hemodynamic effect of NO. The observed time-dependent changes of 35 HPs, their cross-relationships and non-hysteresis/hysteresis profiles may serve as “patterns” for the conditions of a transient decrease/increase of blood pressure caused by H2S. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gaseous Transmitters and Cardiovascular System)
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19 pages, 2949 KiB  
Article
The Vasoactive Role of Perivascular Adipose Tissue and the Sulfide Signaling Pathway in a Nonobese Model of Metabolic Syndrome
by Sona Cacanyiova, Samuel Golas, Anna Zemancikova, Miroslava Majzunova, Martina Cebova, Hana Malinska, Martina Hüttl, Irena Markova and Andrea Berenyiova
Biomolecules 2021, 11(1), 108; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11010108 - 15 Jan 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2311
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the mutual relationship among perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and endogenous and exogenous H2S in vasoactive responses of isolated arteries from adult normotensive (Wistar) rats and hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) rats, which are a nonobese model [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the mutual relationship among perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) and endogenous and exogenous H2S in vasoactive responses of isolated arteries from adult normotensive (Wistar) rats and hypertriglyceridemic (HTG) rats, which are a nonobese model of metabolic syndrome. In HTG rats, mild hypertension was associated with glucose intolerance, dyslipidemia, increased amount of retroperitoneal fat, increased arterial contractility, and endothelial dysfunction associated with arterial wall injury, which was accompanied by decreased nitric oxide (NO)-synthase activity, increased expression of H2S producing enzyme, and an altered oxidative state. In HTG, endogenous H2S participated in the inhibition of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation regardless of PVAT presence; on the other hand, aortas with preserved PVAT revealed a stronger anticontractile effect mediated at least partially by H2S. Although we observed a higher vasorelaxation induced by exogenous H2S donor in HTG rats than in Wistar rats, intact PVAT subtilized this effect. We demonstrate that, in HTG rats, endogenous H2S could manifest a dual effect depending on the type of triggered signaling pathway. H2S within the arterial wall contributes to endothelial dysfunction. On the other hand, PVAT of HTG is endowed with compensatory vasoactive mechanisms, which include stronger anti-contractile action of H2S. Nevertheless, the possible negative impact of PVAT during hypertriglyceridemia on the activity of exogenous H2S donors needs to be taken into consideration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gaseous Transmitters and Cardiovascular System)
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Review

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14 pages, 490 KiB  
Review
The Potential Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Regulation of Cerebrovascular Tone
by Eleni Dongó and Levente Kiss
Biomolecules 2020, 10(12), 1685; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom10121685 - 16 Dec 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2047
Abstract
A better understanding of the regulation of cerebrovascular circulation is of great importance because stroke and other cerebrovascular diseases represent a major concern in healthcare leading to millions of deaths yearly. The circulation of the central nervous system is regulated in a highly [...] Read more.
A better understanding of the regulation of cerebrovascular circulation is of great importance because stroke and other cerebrovascular diseases represent a major concern in healthcare leading to millions of deaths yearly. The circulation of the central nervous system is regulated in a highly complex manner involving many local factors and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is emerging as one such possible factor. Several lines of evidence support that H2S takes part in the regulation of vascular tone. Examinations using either exogenous treatment with H2S donor molecules or alterations to the enzymes that are endogenously producing this molecule revealed numerous important findings about its physiological and pathophysiological role. The great majority of these studies were performed on vessel segments derived from the systemic circulation but there are important observations made using cerebral vessels as well. The findings of these experimental works indicate that H2S is having a complex, pleiotropic effect on the vascular wall not only in the systemic circulation but in the cerebrovascular region as well. In this review, we summarize the most important experimental findings related to the potential role of H2S in the cerebral circulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Gaseous Transmitters and Cardiovascular System)
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