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Biomolecules
Special Issues
Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms in Vestibular Disorders
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Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms in Vestibular Disorders

A special issue of Biomolecules (ISSN 2218-273X). This special issue belongs to the section "Molecular Medicine".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2023) | Viewed by 3423

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Christian Chabbert

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Team Pathophysiology and Therapy of Vestibular Disorders, Laboratory of Cognitive Neurosciences, UMR7291, Aix Marseille University-CNRS, CEDEX 07, 13007 Marseille, France
Interests: vestibular disorders
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of therapeutic approaches against vestibular disorders remains considerably hampered by the lack of knowledge on the molecular and cellular mechanisms that support these pathologies. However, the recent application to the vestibular neuro-otology field of innovative technological approaches now allows us to better understand the etiology of these pathologies and to anticipate more targeted and more effective pharmacological actions. This Special Issue aims to bring together fundamental and clinical studies, as well as reviews illustrating the different current approaches in the field.

Biomolecules is pleased to announce that we will be publishing a Special Issue on the theme of “Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms in Vestibular Disorders”. A special discount will be applied to the potential participants.

I therefore invite you to join us by contributing an article of your choice for this Special Issue.

You may choose our Joint Special Issue Issue in JCM.

Dr. Christian Chabbert
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomolecules is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • vestibular disorders
  • cellular and molecular mechanisms
  • pharmacology
  • imaging

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2789 KiB  
Article
The Effects of Unilateral Labyrinthectomy on Monoamine Neurotransmitters in the Medial Vestibular Nucleus of Rats
by Jun Wang, E Tian, Yuejin Zhang, Zhaoqi Guo, Jingyu Chen, Weijia Kong, Yisheng Lu and Sulin Zhang
Biomolecules 2023, 13(11), 1637; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13111637 - 10 Nov 2023
Viewed by 840
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) on monoamine neurotransmitters in the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) of rats. Methods: Adult Sprague–Dawley rats were utilized for the vestibular impaired animal model through UL. The success of the model establishment [...] Read more.
Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of unilateral labyrinthectomy (UL) on monoamine neurotransmitters in the medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) of rats. Methods: Adult Sprague–Dawley rats were utilized for the vestibular impaired animal model through UL. The success of the model establishment and the recovery process were evaluated using vestibular behavioral tests, including spontaneous nystagmus, postural asymmetry, and balance beam test. Additionally, the expression levels of c-Fos protein in the MVN were assessed by immunofluorescence. Furthermore, changes in the expression levels of monoamine neurotransmitters, including 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and histamine in the MVN, were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) at different time points after UL (4 h, 8 h, 1 day, 2 days, 4 days, and 7 days). Results: Compared to the sham control group, the UL group exhibited the most pronounced vestibular impairment symptoms at 4 h post-UL, which significantly decreased at 4 days and almost fully recovered by 7 days. Immunofluorescence results showed a notable upregulation of c-Fos expression in the MVN subsequent to the UL-4 h, serving as a reliable indicator of heightened neuronal activity. In comparison with the sham group, HPLC analysis showed that the levels of 5-HT and NE in the ipsilesional MVN of the UL group were significantly elevated within 4 days after UL, and peaked on 1 day and 2 days, respectively. DA showed an increasing trend at different time points up to 7 days post-UL, while histamine levels significantly increased only at 1 day post-UL. Conclusions: UL-induced dynamic changes in monoamine neurotransmitters during the early compensation period in the rat MVN may be associated with the regulation of the central vestibular compensation mechanism by the MVN. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms in Vestibular Disorders)
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14 pages, 3177 KiB  
Article
Repetitive Low-Intensity Vestibular Noise Stimulation Partly Reverses Behavioral and Brain Activity Changes following Bilateral Vestibular Loss in Rats
by Max Wuehr, Eva Eilles, Magdalena Lindner, Maximilian Grosch, Roswitha Beck, Sibylle Ziegler and Andreas Zwergal
Biomolecules 2023, 13(11), 1580; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13111580 - 26 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 899
Abstract
Low-intensity noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) can improve static and dynamic postural deficits in patients with bilateral vestibular loss (BVL). In this study, we aimed to explore the neurophysiological and neuroanatomical substrates underlying nGVS treatment effects in a rat model of BVL. Regional [...] Read more.
Low-intensity noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation (nGVS) can improve static and dynamic postural deficits in patients with bilateral vestibular loss (BVL). In this study, we aimed to explore the neurophysiological and neuroanatomical substrates underlying nGVS treatment effects in a rat model of BVL. Regional brain activation patterns and behavioral responses to a repeated 30 min nGVS treatment in comparison to sham stimulation were investigated by serial whole-brain 18F-FDG-PET measurements and quantitative locomotor assessments before and at nine consecutive time points up to 60 days after the chemical bilateral labyrinthectomy (BL). The 18F-FDG-PET revealed a broad nGVS-induced modulation on regional brain activation patterns encompassing biologically plausible brain networks in the brainstem, cerebellum, multisensory cortex, and basal ganglia during the entire observation period post-BL. nGVS broadly reversed brain activity adaptions occurring in the natural course post-BL. The parallel behavioral locomotor assessment demonstrated a beneficial treatment effect of nGVS on sensory-ataxic gait alterations, particularly in the early stage of post-BL recovery. Stimulation-induced locomotor improvements were finally linked to nGVS brain activity responses in the brainstem, hemispheric motor, and limbic networks. In conclusion, combined 18F-FDG-PET and locomotor analysis discloses the potential neurophysiological and neuroanatomical substrates that mediate previously observed therapeutic nGVS effects on postural deficits in patients with BVL. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms in Vestibular Disorders)
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20 pages, 5133 KiB  
Article
Functional, Morphological and Molecular Changes Reveal the Mechanisms Associated with Age-Related Vestibular Loss
by Vasiliki Georgia Paplou, Nick M. A. Schubert, Marcel van Tuinen, Sarath Vijayakumar and Sonja J. Pyott
Biomolecules 2023, 13(9), 1429; https://doi.org/10.3390/biom13091429 - 21 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1341
Abstract
Age-related loss of vestibular function and hearing are common disorders that arise from the loss of function of the inner ear and significantly decrease quality of life. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood and difficult to investigate in humans. Therefore, our study [...] Read more.
Age-related loss of vestibular function and hearing are common disorders that arise from the loss of function of the inner ear and significantly decrease quality of life. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms are poorly understood and difficult to investigate in humans. Therefore, our study examined young (1.5-month-old) and old (24-month-old) C57BL/6 mice, utilizing physiological, histological, and transcriptomic methods. Vestibular sensory-evoked potentials revealed that older mice had reduced wave I amplitudes and delayed wave I latencies, indicating reduced vestibular function. Immunofluorescence and image analysis revealed that older mice exhibited a significant decline in type I sensory hair cell density, particularly in hair cells connected to dimorphic vestibular afferents. An analysis of gene expression in the isolated vestibule revealed the upregulation of immune-related genes and the downregulation of genes associated with ossification and nervous system development. A comparison with the isolated cochlear sensorineural structures showed similar changes in genes related to immune response, chondrocyte differentiation, and myelin formation. These findings suggest that age-related vestibular hypofunction is linked to diminished peripheral vestibular responses, likely due to the loss of a specific subpopulation of hair cells and calyceal afferents. The upregulation of immune- and inflammation-related genes implies that inflammation contributes to these functional and structural changes. Furthermore, the comparison of gene expression between the vestibule and cochlea indicates both shared and distinct mechanisms contributing to age-related vestibular and hearing impairments. Further research is necessary to understand the mechanistic connection between inflammation and age-related balance and hearing disorders and to translate these findings into clinical treatment strategies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms in Vestibular Disorders)
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