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Biomimetics
Special Issues
Biomaterials for Cardiovascular Repairs and Cardiovascular Biomechanics
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Biomaterials for Cardiovascular Repairs and Cardiovascular Biomechanics

A special issue of Biomimetics (ISSN 2313-7673). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomimetics of Materials and Structures".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2023) | Viewed by 8653

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Hui Ying Ang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
Interests: biomedical engineering; composite material; cardiology; nanotechnology; hemodynamics; polymer blend

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomaterials play a critical role in the development of medical technologies and therapeutic systems for the diagnosis, treatment, and management of cardiovascular diseases. Advances in material science have led to novel biomaterials (and composites) with enhanced functionalities with potential use in therapeutic intervention. Cardiovascular biomechanics is the study of the relationship between the mechanics of our cardiovascular system and biological functions in health and disease. The complicated role that biomechanical forces play in the development of cardiovascular diseases is an important and growing research area. Biomechanics research can contribute to the further advancement of computational models, experimental techniques, and technologies for clinical diagnosis, decision support, and intervention.

Aim & Scope:

This Special Issue on “Biomaterials for Cardiovascular Repairs and Cardiovascular Biomechanics” welcomes original research and reviews that advance this field with a focus on innovative biomaterials for cardiac tissue repairs and regeneration; characterization and applications of these materials; computational and experimental biomechanical analysis of the cardiovascular system; and the relationship between biomechanics and disease progression.

Dr. Hui Ying Ang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biomimetics is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2200 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • biomaterials in cardiovascular repairs
  • composite materials in cardiovascular repairs
  • cardiovascular repair, cardiac regeneration, cardiac tissue engineering
  • cardiovascular biomechanics
  • computational models, computational fluid dynamics

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review, Other

23 pages, 16800 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Left Ventricular Assist Device Outflow Graft Positioning on Aortic Hemodynamics: Improving Flow Dynamics to Mitigate Aortic Insufficiency
by Zhuohan Gu, Chi Wei Ong, Yongzhen Mi, Ashwin Seetharaman, Ryan Ruiyang Ling, Kollengode Ramanathan and Hwa Liang Leo
Biomimetics 2023, 8(6), 465; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8060465 - 01 Oct 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1354
Abstract
Heart failure is a global health concern with significant implications for healthcare systems. Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) provide mechanical support for patients with severe heart failure. However, the placement of the LVAD outflow graft within the aorta has substantial implications for hemodynamics [...] Read more.
Heart failure is a global health concern with significant implications for healthcare systems. Left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) provide mechanical support for patients with severe heart failure. However, the placement of the LVAD outflow graft within the aorta has substantial implications for hemodynamics and can lead to aortic insufficiency during long-term support. This study employs computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to investigate the impact of different LVAD outflow graft locations on aortic hemodynamics. The introduction of valve morphology within the aorta geometry allows for a more detailed analysis of hemodynamics at the aortic root. The results demonstrate that the formation of vortex rings and subsequent vortices during the high-velocity jet flow from the graft interacted with the aortic wall. Time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) and oscillatory shear index (OSI) indicate that modification of the outflow graft location changes mechanical states within the aortic wall and aortic valve. Among the studied geometric factors, both the height and inclination angle of the LVAD outflow graft are important in controlling retrograde flow to the aortic root, while the azimuthal angle primarily determines the rotational direction of blood flow in the aortic arch. Thus, precise positioning of the LVAD outflow graft emerges as a critical factor in optimizing patient outcomes by improving the hemodynamic environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Cardiovascular Repairs and Cardiovascular Biomechanics)
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18 pages, 6444 KiB  
Article
Preparation and Characterization of Nano-Silver-Loaded Antibacterial Membrane via Coaxial Electrospinning
by Qingxi Hu, Zhenwei Huang, Haiguang Zhang and Murugan Ramalingam
Biomimetics 2023, 8(5), 419; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8050419 - 11 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1113
Abstract
The coaxial electrospinning process has been widely used in the biomedical field, and its process parameters affect product quality seriously. In this paper, the influence of key process parameters of coaxial electrostatic spinning (solution concentration, electrospinning voltage, acceptance distance and liquid supply velocity) [...] Read more.
The coaxial electrospinning process has been widely used in the biomedical field, and its process parameters affect product quality seriously. In this paper, the influence of key process parameters of coaxial electrostatic spinning (solution concentration, electrospinning voltage, acceptance distance and liquid supply velocity) on the preparation of a membrane with Chitosan, Polyethylene oxide and nano-silver as the core layer and Polycaprolactone as the shell layer was studied. The optimal combination of key process parameters was obtained by using an orthogonal test, scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope and macro-characterization diagram. The results showed that the coaxial electrospun membrane had good mechanical properties (tensile strength is about 2.945 Mpa), hydrophilicity (the water contact angle is about 72.28°) and non-cytotoxicity, which was conducive to cell adhesion and proliferation. The coaxial electrospun membrane with nano-silver has an obvious inhibitory effect on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. In summary, the coaxial electrospun membrane that we produced is expected to be used in clinical medicine, such as vascular stent membranes and bionic blood vessels. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Cardiovascular Repairs and Cardiovascular Biomechanics)
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Review

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13 pages, 2371 KiB  
Review
Small-Diameter Blood Vessel Substitutes: Biomimetic Approaches to Improve Patency
by Jean-Marc Behr, Yee Shan Wong and Subbu Venkatraman
Biomimetics 2024, 9(2), 97; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics9020097 - 07 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1000
Abstract
Small-dimeter blood vessels (<6 mm) are required in coronary bypass and peripheral bypass surgery to circumvent blocked arteries. However, they have poor patency rates due to thrombus formation, intimal hyperplasia at the distal anastomosis, and compliance mismatch between the native artery and the [...] Read more.
Small-dimeter blood vessels (<6 mm) are required in coronary bypass and peripheral bypass surgery to circumvent blocked arteries. However, they have poor patency rates due to thrombus formation, intimal hyperplasia at the distal anastomosis, and compliance mismatch between the native artery and the graft. This review covers the state-of-the-art technologies for improving graft patency with a focus on reducing compliance mismatch between the prosthesis and the native artery. The focus of this article is on biomimetic design strategies to match the compliance over a wide pressure range. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Cardiovascular Repairs and Cardiovascular Biomechanics)
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16 pages, 1098 KiB  
Review
Drug-Eluting Stents: Technical and Clinical Progress
by Maciej Koźlik, Jan Harpula, Piotr J. Chuchra, Magdalena Nowak, Wojciech Wojakowski and Paweł Gąsior
Biomimetics 2023, 8(1), 72; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics8010072 - 09 Feb 2023
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 3312
Abstract
Drug-eluting stents (DES) demonstrated superior efficacy when compared to bare metal stents and plain-old balloon angioplasty and are nowadays used in almost all percutaneous revascularization procedures. The design of the stent platforms is constantly improving to maximize its efficacy and safety. Constant development [...] Read more.
Drug-eluting stents (DES) demonstrated superior efficacy when compared to bare metal stents and plain-old balloon angioplasty and are nowadays used in almost all percutaneous revascularization procedures. The design of the stent platforms is constantly improving to maximize its efficacy and safety. Constant development of DES includes adoption of new materials used for scaffold production, new design types, improved overexpansion abilities, new polymers coating and, finally, improved antiproliferative agents. Especially nowadays, with the immense number of available DES platforms, it is crucial to understand how different aspects of stents impact the effect of their implantation, as subtle differences between various stent platforms could impact the most important issue—clinical outcomes. This review discusses the current status of coronary stents and the impact of stent material, strut design and coating techniques on cardiovascular outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Cardiovascular Repairs and Cardiovascular Biomechanics)
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Other

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9 pages, 822 KiB  
Study Protocol
Myocardial Perfusion and Coronary Physiology Assessment of Microvascular Dysfunction in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation—Rationale and Design
by M. M. Dobrolinska, P. Gąsior, A. Błach, R. Gocoł, D. Hudziak and W. Wojakowski
Biomimetics 2022, 7(4), 230; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomimetics7040230 - 08 Dec 2022
Viewed by 1176
Abstract
The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) is 30–68%. Nevertheless, there is still not enough evidence to use invasive assessment of lesion severity, because the hemodynamic milieu of AS may impact the fractional flow reserve (FFR) [...] Read more.
The prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) is 30–68%. Nevertheless, there is still not enough evidence to use invasive assessment of lesion severity, because the hemodynamic milieu of AS may impact the fractional flow reserve (FFR) and non-hyperemic indices. Therefore, the aim of the study is two-fold. First, to measure acute and long-term changes of FFR, index of microvascular resistance (IMR), and coronary flow reserve (CFR) in patients undergoing TAVI procedure. Second, to compare the diagnostic accuracy of intracoronary indices with myocardial perfusion measured by cadmium-zinc-telluride single-photon emission tomography (CZT-SPECT) and find cut-off values defining significant stenosis. We plan to enroll 40 patients eligible for TAVI with intermediate stenosis (30–70%) in the left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery. In each patient FFR, CFR, and IMR will be measured in addition to myocardial blood flow calculated by CZT-SPECT before and either immediately after TAVI (acute cohort) or in 6 months (late cohort) after the procedure. FFR, CFR, and IMR will be matched with the results of myocardial perfusion measured by CZT-SPECT in the area of LAD. As a result, cut-off values of FFR, CFR, and IMR defining the decreased blood flow will be found. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Cardiovascular Repairs and Cardiovascular Biomechanics)
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