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Bioengineering
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Development and Biomedical Applications of Bacterial Carriers and Bacteria-Derived Biomimetic...
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Development and Biomedical Applications of Bacterial Carriers and Bacteria-Derived Biomimetic Vectors

A special issue of Bioengineering (ISSN 2306-5354). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2023) | Viewed by 7394

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Yi Ma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
Interests: recombinant protein expression; protein expression systems; protein engineering; bacterial factory; bioactive materials
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Chunyi Tong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, China
Interests: functional biomaterials in biosensors and nanotheranostics

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Bacterial vectors for drug delivery have become powerful tools for the development of novel cancer therapies due to the advantages of nano-size, high targeting performance, loading capacity for chemistry drugs, nucleic acids, and proteins. Bacterial derivatives with low immunogenicity and low toxicity were produced with novel genetic engineering and bioengineering techniques. Bacteria-derived products, such as bacterial ghost, bacterial outer membrane vesicles, bacterial mini-cells, and bacterial protoplast derived nanovesicles were prepared as carriers in the field of anti-tumor drug delivery.

This Special Issue on “Development and Biomedical Applications of Bacterial Carriers and Bacteria-Derived Biomimetic Vectors”, therefore, will focus on innovative, original research articles, and comprehensive reviews that reflect the latest developments in the field. Both fundamental research and applied areas are welcome.

Submissions suitable for consideration may include, but are not limited to:

  • Bacterial vector development and application;
  • Bacterial ghost development and application;
  • Bacterial minicell development and application;
  • Bacterial outer membrane vesicle development and application;
  • Bacterial protoplast derived nanovesicle development and application;
  • Construction and application of Bacterial-derived vectors for drug delivery;
  • Bacteria based nanostructures for drug delivery;
  • Bacterial nanotechnology.

Dr. Yi Ma
Dr. Chunyi Tong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Bioengineering is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • bacterial vector
  • bacterial ghost
  • bacterial minicell
  • bacterial outer membrane vesicle
  • bacterial protoplast derived nanovesicle
  • tumor targeting
  • cancer therapy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 1265 KiB  
Article
Different Strategies Affect Enzyme Packaging into Bacterial Outer Membrane Vesicles
by Scott N. Dean, Meghna Thakur, Joseph R. Spangler, Aaron D. Smith, Sean P. Garin, Scott A. Walper and Gregory A. Ellis
Bioengineering 2023, 10(5), 583; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10050583 - 11 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1436
Abstract
All Gram-negative bacteria are believed to produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), proteoliposomes shed from the outermost membrane. We previously separately engineered E. coli to produce and package two organophosphate (OP) hydrolyzing enzymes, phosphotriesterase (PTE) and diisopropylfluorophosphatase (DFPase), into secreted OMVs. From this work, [...] Read more.
All Gram-negative bacteria are believed to produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), proteoliposomes shed from the outermost membrane. We previously separately engineered E. coli to produce and package two organophosphate (OP) hydrolyzing enzymes, phosphotriesterase (PTE) and diisopropylfluorophosphatase (DFPase), into secreted OMVs. From this work, we realized a need to thoroughly compare multiple packaging strategies to elicit design rules for this process, focused on (1) membrane anchors or periplasm-directing proteins (herein “anchors/directors”) and (2) the linkers connecting these to the cargo enzyme; both may affect enzyme cargo activity. Herein, we assessed six anchors/directors to load PTE and DFPase into OMVs: four membrane anchors, namely, lipopeptide Lpp’, SlyB, SLP, and OmpA, and two periplasm-directing proteins, namely, maltose-binding protein (MBP) and BtuF. To test the effect of linker length and rigidity, four different linkers were compared using the anchor Lpp’. Our results showed that PTE and DFPase were packaged with most anchors/directors to different degrees. For the Lpp’ anchor, increased packaging and activity corresponded to increased linker length. Our findings demonstrate that the selection of anchors/directors and linkers can greatly influence the packaging and bioactivity of enzymes loaded into OMVs, and these findings have the potential to be utilized for packaging other enzymes into OMVs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Biomedical Applications of Bacterial Carriers and Bacteria-Derived Biomimetic Vectors)
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17 pages, 4417 KiB  
Article
Preliminary Study of the Bactericide Properties of Biodegradable Polymers (PLA) with Metal Additives for 3D Printing Applications
by Anyul López-Camacho, Dulce Magaña-García, María José Grande, Daniel Carazo-Álvarez and M. Dolores La Rubia
Bioengineering 2023, 10(3), 297; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10030297 - 27 Feb 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2022
Abstract
Plastic is a highly used material in various sectors. Due to its plentiful availability in the environment, microorganism surface contamination is a risk. The aim of this work is to achieve bactericidal capacity in plastics that reduces the microorganism’s colonization risk and, consequently, [...] Read more.
Plastic is a highly used material in various sectors. Due to its plentiful availability in the environment, microorganism surface contamination is a risk. The aim of this work is to achieve bactericidal capacity in plastics that reduces the microorganism’s colonization risk and, consequently, reduces the chances of having an infection with E. coli and Listeria monocytogenes bacteria. Using polylactic acid (PLA) as the polymeric matrix, mixtures in concentrations of metal additive of ions of silver (Ag) R148 and S254 in 1% and 2% have been studied and manufactured. The materials are developed on an industrial scale through a process that proceeds as follows: (I) a mixture of polymer and additive in a double-screw compounder to obtain the compound in different concentrations, (II) the manufacture of filaments with a single-screw extruder, (III) 3D printing parts. Therefore, materials are evaluated in the form of powder, pellets and printed pieces to ensure their antibacterial effectiveness throughout the manufacturing process. The results of the research show antibacterial effectiveness for E. coli and Listeria monocytogenes of metal additives and polymeric compounds for all manufacturing phases on an industrial scale, with the effectiveness for additive R148 predominating at a concentration of 2%, demonstrating its microbial efficacy on surfaces with potential application in medicine. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Biomedical Applications of Bacterial Carriers and Bacteria-Derived Biomimetic Vectors)
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15 pages, 11381 KiB  
Article
Construction and In Vitro Evaluation of a Tumor Acidic pH-Targeting Drug Delivery System Based on Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 Bacterial Ghosts
by Yi Ma, Qiying Liu, Aihua Hu, Shoujin Jiang, Sijia Wang, Ran Liu, Kun Han and Jufang Wang
Bioengineering 2022, 9(9), 433; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering9090433 - 02 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2246
Abstract
Synthetic nanocarriers are a promising therapeutic delivery strategy. However, these systems are often hampered by inherent disadvantages such as strong biotoxicity and poor biocompatibility. To overcome these issues, biological carriers with commonly used chemotherapy drugs have been developed. In this work, engineered bacterial [...] Read more.
Synthetic nanocarriers are a promising therapeutic delivery strategy. However, these systems are often hampered by inherent disadvantages such as strong biotoxicity and poor biocompatibility. To overcome these issues, biological carriers with commonly used chemotherapy drugs have been developed. In this work, engineered bacterial ghosts (BGs) originated from probiotic Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN) were devised to specifically target acidic extracellular environments of tumor tissue. To improve the production efficiency and safety, a novel lysis protein E from phage α3 was applied to produce EcN BGs under high growth densities in high quality. In addition, the acidity-triggered rational membrane (ATRAM) peptides were displayed in EcN BGs to facilitate specific cancer cell internalization within the acidic tumor microenvironment before drug release. In conclusion, the engineered EcN BGs offer a promising means for bionic bacteria construction for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Biomedical Applications of Bacterial Carriers and Bacteria-Derived Biomimetic Vectors)
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Review

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15 pages, 3350 KiB  
Review
Bacterial Membrane Vesicles for In Vitro Catalysis
by Meghna Thakur, Scott N. Dean, Julie C. Caruana, Scott A. Walper and Gregory A. Ellis
Bioengineering 2023, 10(9), 1099; https://doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering10091099 - 20 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1109
Abstract
The use of biological systems in manufacturing and medical applications has seen a dramatic rise in recent years as scientists and engineers have gained a greater understanding of both the strengths and limitations of biological systems. Biomanufacturing, or the use of biology for [...] Read more.
The use of biological systems in manufacturing and medical applications has seen a dramatic rise in recent years as scientists and engineers have gained a greater understanding of both the strengths and limitations of biological systems. Biomanufacturing, or the use of biology for the production of biomolecules, chemical precursors, and others, is one particular area on the rise as enzymatic systems have been shown to be highly advantageous in limiting the need for harsh chemical processes and the formation of toxic products. Unfortunately, biological production of some products can be limited due to their toxic nature or reduced reaction efficiency due to competing metabolic pathways. In nature, microbes often secrete enzymes directly into the environment or encapsulate them within membrane vesicles to allow catalysis to occur outside the cell for the purpose of environmental conditioning, nutrient acquisition, or community interactions. Of particular interest to biotechnology applications, researchers have shown that membrane vesicle encapsulation often confers improved stability, solvent tolerance, and other benefits that are highly conducive to industrial manufacturing practices. While still an emerging field, this review will provide an introduction to biocatalysis and bacterial membrane vesicles, highlight the use of vesicles in catalytic processes in nature, describe successes of engineering vesicle/enzyme systems for biocatalysis, and end with a perspective on future directions, using selected examples to illustrate these systems’ potential as an enabling tool for biotechnology and biomanufacturing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Development and Biomedical Applications of Bacterial Carriers and Bacteria-Derived Biomimetic Vectors)
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