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Animals
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Leptospirosis in Livestock
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Leptospirosis in Livestock

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2023) | Viewed by 3300

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Walter Lilenbaum

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Institute, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Alameda Barros Terra, 57, Niteroi 24210-130, RJ, Brazil
Interests: leptospirosis in animals; infectious diseases; livestock reproduction
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Leptospirosis is an infectious disease caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira sp. In livestock, it mainly determines reproductive failure, leading to substantial economic losses. Recently, various papers have been published focusing on the genital and reproductive aspects of the infection, with its implications on the economy and public health. Those papers have generated intense debate, but several knowledge gaps remain that still need to be elucidated.

In this context, Animals has suggested a Special Issue, “Leptospirosis in Livestock”, in which researchers from various countries have the opportunity to present their findings regarding this important neglected disease. Papers regarding epidemiology, diagnosis, reproduction, pathology, and clinics will be particularly welcome. We strongly encourage you to submit your manuscripts to help create a remarkable Special Issue that will represent a landmark on the study of leptospirosis.

Prof. Dr. Walter Lilenbaum
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • leptospirosis
  • Leptospira
  • bovine
  • cattle
  • livestock
  • reproduction
  • abortion

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 673 KiB  
Article
Unconventional Sites for Diagnosis of Leptospirosis in Bovine Anicteric Fetuses
by Luiza Aymée, Maria Isabel Nogueira Di Azevedo, Luiza Reis, Julia Mendes, Fúlvia de Fátima Almeida de Castro, Filipe Anibal Carvalho-Costa, Guilherme Nunes de Souza and Walter Lilenbaum
Animals 2023, 13(18), 2832; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13182832 - 06 Sep 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1039
Abstract
Background: Bovine leptospirosis is an important reproductive disease and abortion is a major sign, leading to economic impacts. Due to its multifactorial etiology, the proper diagnosis of the cause of the abortion is crucial. Necropsy of the fetuses followed by molecular analysis is [...] Read more.
Background: Bovine leptospirosis is an important reproductive disease and abortion is a major sign, leading to economic impacts. Due to its multifactorial etiology, the proper diagnosis of the cause of the abortion is crucial. Necropsy of the fetuses followed by molecular analysis is recommended for diagnosis, and the investigation mainly occurs in the kidneys and liver. This study aimed to analyze unconventional sites for the presence of leptospiral DNA in bovine anicteric aborted fetuses. Methods: Five fetuses of the same herd were received for necropsy and diagnosis. Conventional lipL32-PCR was performed in the fetuses’ kidneys, livers, lungs, hearts, spleens, subcapsular kidney content, abomasal fluid, and in the cavity’s hemorrhagic contents. To complete the investigation, the sera of 30 cows of the herd were collected to perform the serologic screening by Microscopic Agglutination Test. In addition, six subfertile non-pregnant cows from the same herd were selected due to their low reproductive performance, and genital samples (uterine fragment and cervicovaginal mucus) and urine were collected for lipL32-PCR. PCR-positive samples were submitted to a nested PCR of the secY gene and intended for sequencing. Results: The herd presented seroreactive animals (11/30, 36.6%), all against the Sejroe serogroup, with titers between 200 and 1600. In necropsy, four fetuses showed hemorrhagic and anicteric lesions, while one fetus had no macroscopic lesions. Regarding molecular analysis, all the fetuses were positive in lipL32-PCR and the positive sites were the heart, lungs, subcapsular kidney content, thymus, kidneys, liver, and abomasal fluid. Only one fetus presented positive results in the kidney and liver, while three fetuses were positive in the abomasal fluid. Five of six cows were positive for lipL32-PCR, all being positive only in genital samples. Of the fetuses and the cows, seven sequences were obtained and all were identified as Leptospira interrogans serogroup Sejroe serovar Hardjoprajitno. Conclusions: In order to improve the diagnosis of leptospirosis in cows, it is recommended to perform a comprehensive analysis of the samples, beyond the kidneys and liver. Thus, we highly encourage testing multiple organs by PCR to investigate abortions suspected of bovine leptospirosis, particularly in anicteric fetuses. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leptospirosis in Livestock)
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12 pages, 1511 KiB  
Article
Effectiveness of the Leptospira Hardjo Control Programme and Detection of New Infections in Dairy Cattle in The Netherlands
by Katrien M. J. A. van den Brink, Marian Aalberts, Nannet D. Fabri and Inge M. G. A. Santman-Berends
Animals 2023, 13(5), 831; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13050831 - 24 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1620
Abstract
Since 2005, a mandatory L. Hardjo control programme (LHCP) has been in place for Dutch dairy herds. Almost 100 percent of dairy farms participate and have an L. Hardjo-free status. In 2020 and 2021, the number of outbreaks seemed to increase as [...] Read more.
Since 2005, a mandatory L. Hardjo control programme (LHCP) has been in place for Dutch dairy herds. Almost 100 percent of dairy farms participate and have an L. Hardjo-free status. In 2020 and 2021, the number of outbreaks seemed to increase as compared to the previous years. In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of the national LHCP in the Netherlands during 2017–2021. Cases of new infections in herds with an L. Hardjo-free status in the LHCP were described, including the role of risk factors for the introduction. Both the percentage of dairy herds with an L. Hardjo-free status that purchased cattle from herds without a free status and the number of purchased cattle increased over the years. A between-herd cluster evaluation showed that between 2017 and 2021, a suspected infection was detected 144 times in 120 dairy herds. In 26 cases (26 herds, 0.2%) new infections were identified, including within-herd transmission. No infection clusters were identified, indicating that infections never led to local transmission between dairy herds. The introduction of cattle from non-free herds appeared to be the cause of all L. hardjo infections in herds participating in the LHCP. Therefore, the national LHCP seems to be highly effective in the control of infections in dairy herds. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Leptospirosis in Livestock)
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