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Animals
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Large Animal Surgery—Novel Techniques and Current Best Practice to Improve...
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Large Animal Surgery—Novel Techniques and Current Best Practice to Improve Outcome

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Veterinary Clinical Studies".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2020) | Viewed by 15860

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Stine Jacobsen

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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Medicine and Surgery, University of Copenhagen, Agrovej 8, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark
Interests: equine and ruminant soft tissue and orthopedic surgery; joint diseases; inflammation and acute phase proteins; wound healing
Assoc. Prof. Casper Lindegaard

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Guest Editor
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Medicine and Surgery, University of Copenhagen, Agrovej 8, 2630 Taastrup, Denmark
Interests: large animal surgery; equine orthopaedic surgery; equine respiratory tract surgery; pain management

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Implementing current best knowledge when performing surgery is pivotal for veterinary surgeons aspiring to consistently obtain the best possible outcome for their patients. This may be through careful case selection, timely intervention, use of refined surgical techniques or optimized aftercare. Much basic knowledge may be acquired from research performed in man and other species, but studying these topics in the species of interest is crucial.

The scope of this special issue is therefore to present high-quality papers pertaining to large animal surgery in the broadest sense, soft tissue as well as orthopedic. Original research papers, case-series and reviews are invited for this special issue. Topics might include, but are not limited to case selection and/or assessment of prognosis, peri- and intraoperative treatments and procedures to improve outcome, surgical techniques, surgical instrumentation, aftercare, and management of complications.

Prof. Stine Jacobsen
Assoc. Prof. Casper Lindegaard
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Equine
  • Ruminant
  • Surgery
  • Techniques
  • Perioperative
  • Outcome
  • Complications

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 1423 KiB  
Article
Moody Mares—Is Ovariectomy a Solution?
by Daniel Taasti Melgaard, Trine Stokbro Korsgaard, Martin Soendergaard Thoefner, Morten Roenn Petersen and Hanne Gervi Pedersen
Animals 2020, 10(7), 1210; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10071210 - 16 Jul 2020
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 3275
Abstract
Unwanted behaviour in mares is a commonly presenting problem to the veterinarian. This behaviour may range from the mare being uncooperative or aggressive when handled on the ground, kicking, bucking or rearing when ridden or being aggressive towards other horses. This purpose of [...] Read more.
Unwanted behaviour in mares is a commonly presenting problem to the veterinarian. This behaviour may range from the mare being uncooperative or aggressive when handled on the ground, kicking, bucking or rearing when ridden or being aggressive towards other horses. This purpose of the study was to evaluate whether bilateral ovariectomy in mares with unwanted behaviour improved the mare’s behaviour and/or rideability from the owner’s perspective. The mares were grouped and compared statistically based on their histological classification as having either “normal” or neoplastic ovaries. This study is a retrospective case series report of twenty-eight ovariectomized mares. A semi-quantitative value (1–10) pre- and post-ovariectomy for A) behaviour on ground/in stable and B) rideability was given, based on the owner’s observations. The horses were grouped based on their histopathologic diagnosis as “Normal ovaries” or “Neoplasia”. Following ovariectomy, rideability improved, with a score of ≥5 in 80% (8/10) of mares with normal ovaries and in 57% (8/14) of mares with ovarian neoplasm. A behavioural improvement of ≥5 was observed in 40% (4/10) of mares with normal ovaries, and in 43% (6/14) of mares with ovarian neoplasm. A significant difference was observed between the semi-quantitative value pre- and post-ovariectomy in both groups. No difference was observed in change in behaviour and rideability score between the group with normal ovaries and neoplastic ovaries. Mares with unwanted behaviour not obviously related to the oestrus cycle and to painful conditions may benefit from ovariectomy to alter their behaviour and rideability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Large Animal Surgery—Novel Techniques and Current Best Practice to Improve Outcome)
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12 pages, 11160 KiB  
Article
Calcium Electroporation of Equine Sarcoids
by Stine K. Frandsen, Julie Gehl, Trine Tramm and Martin S. Thoefner
Animals 2020, 10(3), 517; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10030517 - 19 Mar 2020
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 6386
Abstract
Sarcoids are common equine skin tumors where the risk of recurrence after treatment is high, and better treatment options are warranted. Calcium electroporation is a novel anti-cancer treatment where lethally high calcium concentrations are introduced into the cells by electroporation, a method where [...] Read more.
Sarcoids are common equine skin tumors where the risk of recurrence after treatment is high, and better treatment options are warranted. Calcium electroporation is a novel anti-cancer treatment where lethally high calcium concentrations are introduced into the cells by electroporation, a method where short high-voltage pulses induce transient permeabilization of the cell membrane. This study investigated the safety and long-term response of calcium electroporation on sarcoids. Thirty-two sarcoids in eight horses were included. The study suggested that calcium electroporation is a safe and feasible treatment for sarcoids, including inoperable sarcoids. Horses were treated once (2/8) or twice (6/8) under general anesthesia, where sarcoids were injected with 220 mM calcium chloride followed by electroporation with 8 pulses of 100 μs, 1 kV/cm, and 1 Hz. Biopsies were taken prior to treatment. The sarcoid size was monitored for 12–38 weeks after the first treatment. Complete response was observed in 22% (6/27) of treated sarcoids, and partial response in 22% (6/27), giving a 44% total response. Treatment efficacy did not appear to be related to location, type, or size. In all non-biopsied lesions, a complete response was seen (4/4). In conclusion, in this small study, 44% of sarcoids responded with 22% of sarcoids disappearing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Large Animal Surgery—Novel Techniques and Current Best Practice to Improve Outcome)
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15 pages, 12623 KiB  
Article
Identification and Quantification of Transient Receptor Potential Vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) in Equine Articular Tissue
by Anne Frank Gallagher vom Braucke, Nanna Lysemose Frederiksen, Lise Charlotte Berg, Stacie Aarsvold, Felix Christoph Müller, Mikael Ploug Boesen and Casper Lindegaard
Animals 2020, 10(3), 506; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10030506 - 18 Mar 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2468
Abstract
Joint pain and osteoarthritis (OA) are some of the most common causes of lameness in horses, and most of the available treatments focus on symptomatic relief without a disease-modifying effect. TRPV1 is a potential target for treating joint diseases, including OA, and the [...] Read more.
Joint pain and osteoarthritis (OA) are some of the most common causes of lameness in horses, and most of the available treatments focus on symptomatic relief without a disease-modifying effect. TRPV1 is a potential target for treating joint diseases, including OA, and the present study aims to investigate if the TRPV1 receptor is present in equine articular tissue and determine whether the number of receptors is upregulated in joint inflammation. Metacarpo/metatarsophalangeal (MCP/MTP) joints from 15 horses euthanised for reasons unrelated to this study were included. Based on synovial fluid analysis, macroscopic evaluation, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), joints were divided into two groups: healthy joints and joints with pathology. ELISA analysis was performed on synovial tissue harvested from all joints. TPRV1 was found in all joints. The mean concentration of TRPV1 compared to total protein in healthy joints (8.4 × 10−7 ng/mL) and joints with pathology (12.9 × 10−7 ng/mL) differed significantly (p = 0.01, t-test with Welch correction). Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR analysis was performed on RNA isolates from synovial tissue from all joints. TRPV1 mRNA expression ratio normalized to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) in healthy joints (0.16 (SD: 0.19)) and joints with pathology (0.24 (SD: 0.14)) did not differ significantly (p = 0.43, t-test with Welch correction). mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was very low for both groups. In conclusion, TRPV1 was detected both on mRNA and the protein level, with a higher expression of TRPV1 in samples from joints with pathology. Future studies will determine the clinical potential of equine TRPV1 as a target in the management of joint pain and inflammation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Large Animal Surgery—Novel Techniques and Current Best Practice to Improve Outcome)
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8 pages, 1210 KiB  
Article
Small Intestine Ultrasound Findings on Horses Following Exploratory Laparotomy, Can We Predict Postoperative Reflux?
by Gabriel Cuevas-Ramos, Lara Domenech and Marta Prades
Animals 2019, 9(12), 1106; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani9121106 - 09 Dec 2019
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 3060
Abstract
Postoperative reflux (POR) is a well-recognized complication after colic surgery in horses, particularly when presenting small intestinal pathology. Even though much has been written about the pathophysiology and management of POR, additional clinical studies are needed to better understand and anticipate this complication. [...] Read more.
Postoperative reflux (POR) is a well-recognized complication after colic surgery in horses, particularly when presenting small intestinal pathology. Even though much has been written about the pathophysiology and management of POR, additional clinical studies are needed to better understand and anticipate this complication. The aim of the study was to provide clinical evidence of ultrasound findings in the postoperative period (three days). The study is based on transcutaneous abdominal ultrasounds of the caudoventral abdomen during the postoperative period (three days), in 58 horses, presented for an exploratory laparotomy, and compared to 20 horses that underwent general anesthesia for an elective surgical procedure. Small intestine (SI) images and videos were analyzed for loop number, loop diameter, wall thickness, motility, and echogenic type of loop contents. Ultrasound findings of horses that had a large colon pathology were similar to those of the control group. Interestingly, horses that presented an SI pathology had significantly thicker SI walls, increased loop diameter, slower motility, and hypoechoic contents, particularly in horses that had undergone small intestinal resection and anastomosis. Although the number of horses that developed POR in our study was too small for statistical analysis, they all had the aforementioned ultrasonographic changes. Abdominal ultrasound, during the postoperative period (three days), was a useful method to identify horses with abnormal small intestinal parameters. Further investigation as to whether these parameters can be used to predict POR in a larger population is warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Large Animal Surgery—Novel Techniques and Current Best Practice to Improve Outcome)
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