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Animals
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Infectious Disease Control in Swine in Different Husbandry Systems
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Infectious Disease Control in Swine in Different Husbandry Systems

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Animal Welfare".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (10 June 2023) | Viewed by 7028

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Isabel Henning-Pauka

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Field Station for Epidemiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 49456 Bakum, Germany
Interests: swine diseases; diagnostic tools; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; herd health management; biosecurity; consumer protection; welfare; antimicrobial resistance
Dr. Alexandra von Altrock

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Clinic for Swine and Small Ruminants, Forensic Medicine and Ambulatory Service, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, 30173 Hannover, Germany
Interests: zoonotioc disease; Campylobacter spp; Salmonella spp.; Yersinia spp.; swine; diseases; welfare; surgical castration

Special Issue Information

Summary: Diseases have a major impact on swine welfare, thus, appropriate disease-preventive measures will inevitabely strengthen swine wellbeing. Prevention of diseases also has a basis in consumer protection, which is impacted by antimicrobial-resistant bacteria, drug residuals and emerging, re-emerging or zoonotic pathogens. Changing husbandry systems can result in increased or reduced  prevalences of pathogens, and can influence animal welfare and sustainability. Key elements to be considered are feeding, management and external and internal biosecurity. This Special Issue will focus on specific aspects of different husbandry and feeding systems that influence the introduction and/or further spread of pathogens within swine farms. We invite original research papers and meta-analyses focusing on aspects of husbandry systems that prevent the development and spread of infectious diseases, as well as on identification of potential risk factors arising from the environment, feeding and management.

Prof. Dr. Isabel Henning-Pauka
Dr. Alexandra von Altrock
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Animals is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • epidemiology
  • prevalence
  • microorganisms
  • toxins
  • hygiene
  • biosecurity
  • sustainability
  • transmission
  • environmental factors
  • climate
  • feed

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 650 KiB  
Article
Changes in S100A8/A9 and S100A12 and Their Comparison with Other Analytes in the Saliva of Pigs with Diarrhea Due to E. coli
by Alba Ortín-Bustillo, María Botía, María José López-Martínez, Silvia Martínez-Subiela, José Joaquín Cerón, Antonio González-Bulnes, Edgar García Manzanilla, Elena Goyena, Fernando Tecles and Alberto Muñoz-Prieto
Animals 2023, 13(16), 2556; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13162556 - 08 Aug 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1114
Abstract
The family of calgranulins includes S100A8 (calgranulin A), S100A9 (calgranulin B), which can appear as a heterodimer known as S100A8/A9 or calprotectin, and S100A12 (calgranulin C). These proteins are related to different inflammatory conditions, immune-mediated diseases, and sepsis and are considered biomarkers of [...] Read more.
The family of calgranulins includes S100A8 (calgranulin A), S100A9 (calgranulin B), which can appear as a heterodimer known as S100A8/A9 or calprotectin, and S100A12 (calgranulin C). These proteins are related to different inflammatory conditions, immune-mediated diseases, and sepsis and are considered biomarkers of potential interest. This study aims to evaluate if S100A8/A9 and A12 could change in pigs with diarrhea due to E. coli and to compare the changes of S100A8/A9 and A12 with other analytes in order to explore the possible causes or mechanisms involved. For this purpose, a panel integrated by analytes related to inflammation (haptoglobin, inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor 4 (ITIH4), and total protein); immune system (adenosine deaminase, ADA); stress (alpha-amylase); tissue damage (lactate and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)); sepsis (aldolase) and redox status (ferric-reducing ability of saliva (FRAS) and advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP)) was evaluated. S100A8/A9 and A12 and the other analytes measured in this study showed increases in the saliva of pigs with diarrhea due to E. coli. S100A8/A9 and/or A12 showed a significant correlation of different magnitude with some of the other analytes evaluated. Further studies should be conducted to gain knowledge about the possible practical applications as biomarkers of the measurements of S100A8/A9 and A12 in the saliva of pigs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Disease Control in Swine in Different Husbandry Systems)
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21 pages, 2821 KiB  
Article
Rye and Rye Bran as Components of Diets in Piglet Production—Effects on Salmonella Prevalence
by Christian Homann, Isabell Eckey, Bussarakam Chuppava, Klaus Teich, Juhle Buch, Andreas Zimmermann, Martin Kaltschmitt, Richard Grone, Volker Wilke and Christian Visscher
Animals 2023, 13(14), 2262; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13142262 - 10 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1209
Abstract
The nutritional benefits of rye (and therefore rye bran) are mainly due to its high content of fermentable dietary fiber, the non-starch polysaccharides (NSP). Microorganisms in the large intestine are able to convert these into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), including butyrate. Butyrate strengthens [...] Read more.
The nutritional benefits of rye (and therefore rye bran) are mainly due to its high content of fermentable dietary fiber, the non-starch polysaccharides (NSP). Microorganisms in the large intestine are able to convert these into short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), including butyrate. Butyrate strengthens the epithelial barrier function in the colon by nourishing the enterocytes and inhibiting the spread of Salmonella in the intestinal tract. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test under field conditions whether a diet with rye or rye bran as the main ingredient for gilts, sows, and weaned piglets is associated with a lower Salmonella prevalence. Depending on the age groups, between 20–30% rye or between 15–20% rye bran was used in the experimental group. A total of n = 1983 boot swabs, n = 356 fecal samples, and n = 1909 serum samples were examined. The results of this study show that rye or rye bran at the levels used had no apparent effect on the number of positive Salmonella samples. However, the Salmonella OD values in the experimental groups were significantly lower than in the control group. This suggests that the use of rye leads to a lower incidence of infection, but this effect could not be proven from swabs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Disease Control in Swine in Different Husbandry Systems)
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10 pages, 1293 KiB  
Article
Measurement of Calprotectin (S100A8/A9) in the Saliva of Pigs: Validation Data of A Commercially Available Automated Assay and Changes in Sepsis, Inflammation, and Stress
by María José López-Martínez, Silvia Martínez-Subiela, José Joaquín Cerón, Alba Ortín-Bustillo, Guillermo Ramis, Marina López-Arjona, Silvia Martínez-Miró, Edgar García Manzanilla, Peter David Eckersall, Fernando Tecles, Damián Escribano and Alberto Muñoz-Prieto
Animals 2023, 13(7), 1190; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13071190 - 29 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2330
Abstract
Calprotectin (CALP, S100A8/A9), also named myeloid-related protein 8/14, is a dimer complex of S100A8 and S100A9 that belongs to the S-100 protein family. It is involved in inflammation and has a wide range of proinflammatory functions, such as cytokine production and regulation of [...] Read more.
Calprotectin (CALP, S100A8/A9), also named myeloid-related protein 8/14, is a dimer complex of S100A8 and S100A9 that belongs to the S-100 protein family. It is involved in inflammation and has a wide range of proinflammatory functions, such as cytokine production and regulation of leukocyte adhesion, migration, and phagocytosis. In humans, CALP traditionally can be measured in faeces, serum, and saliva as a biomarker of inflammation and sepsis. The objective of this study was to validate an automated assay for CALP measurements in the saliva of pigs, having the advantage of the use of a non-invasive sample that is easy to collect. The assay was precise and accurate. CALP in saliva measured by this assay showed significant changes depending on the hour of the day. It also showed significant increases in the saliva of pigs after the administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and showed a rise, although with increases of lower magnitude, after a stressful stimulus. Further studies should be made to gain knowledge about the possible practical applications of the measurements of CALP in the saliva of pigs as a biomarker to evaluate the animals’ health and welfare. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Disease Control in Swine in Different Husbandry Systems)
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16 pages, 1618 KiB  
Article
Sock and Environmental Swabs as an Efficient, Non-Invasive Tool to Assess the Salmonella Status of Sow Farms
by Kathrin Lillie-Jaschniski, Christoph Wähner, Miriam Viehmann, Silke Hauf, Christina Gale, Judith Rohde and Isabel Hennig-Pauka
Animals 2023, 13(6), 1031; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani13061031 - 11 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1637
Abstract
Salmonellosis is the second most reported gastrointestinal infection in humans after campylobacteriosis and a common cause of foodborne outbreaks in the European Union (EU). In addition to consumption of contaminated animal-based foods, such as poultry, beef and eggs, pork is an important source [...] Read more.
Salmonellosis is the second most reported gastrointestinal infection in humans after campylobacteriosis and a common cause of foodborne outbreaks in the European Union (EU). In addition to consumption of contaminated animal-based foods, such as poultry, beef and eggs, pork is an important source of human salmonellosis outbreaks; therefore, Salmonella (S.) control should start in the early stages of pig production. To be able to implement effective control measures to reduce the risk of pigs being infected by Salmonella, it is important to identify the serovars circulating on farm within the different stages of production, including as early as sow and piglet breeding. The aim of the present study was to assess the Salmonella status of sow farms either producing their own finishers or delivering piglets to fattening farms with a known high serological prevalence identified within the QS Salmonella monitoring system. Overall, 97 (92.4%) of 105 investigated piglet-producing farms across Germany tested positive in at least one sample. Salmonella was detected in 38.2% of the sock and 27.1% of the environmental swab samples. S. Typhimurium was the most frequent serovar. In conclusion, sock and environmental swab samples are well suited for non-invasive Salmonella detection in different production units in farrowing farms. To establish a holistic Salmonella control program, all age classes of pig production should be sampled to enable intervention and implementation of countermeasures at an early stage if necessary. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Infectious Disease Control in Swine in Different Husbandry Systems)
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