Pathology of Wildlife in the Americas

A special issue of Animals (ISSN 2076-2615). This special issue belongs to the section "Wildlife".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 April 2024 | Viewed by 1219

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Davis Lab, 620 W Health Science Dr, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Interests: anatomic pathology; wildlife; infectious diseases; viruses; bacteria; parasites; farm animals; camelids; respiratory pathology

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory System, Davis Lab, 620 W Health Science Dr, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Interests: anatomic pathology; invertebrates; wildlife; zoo and exotic animals; electron microscopy; toxic plants; viruses; neuropathology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Americas encompass a vast territory from North America to South America. The variety of climates, topography, hydrology, and ecology make the Americas the most biodiverse region in the world, which is reflected in the incredible diversity of flora and fauna. Since the fifteenth century with the Columbian Exchange, food, populations, and minerals, in addition to diseases like measles, plague, malaria, and smallpox, have been exchanged between the Americas and Europe. Currently, highly pathogenic diseases such as avian influenza, chytridiomycosis, and SARS-COVID-19 traverse borders, with wild animals playing the role of reservoirs and recipients of such imported diseases. Modernization and globalization of the Americas have created new menaces for native species populations. The fragmentation of landscapes causes inbreeding, the development of cancer, nutritional adaptations to hostile environments, and environmental pollution in terrestrial and aquatic species resulting in immunosuppression. All the above and other threats affecting wild animals in the Americas generate unique pathologies with important consequences for individual species, which impact wild populations, humans, domestic animals, and the environment. We believe that the holistic nature of anatomic pathology can help to better understand infectious and non-infectious diseases that affect both the wildlife population in the Americas and the balance among humans, animals, and environmental health.

This Special Issue aims to center anatomic pathology with its procedures and techniques to further the understanding of the diseases affecting wild populations inhabiting the Americas. Studies using captive and semi-captive populations might be considered as long as the results have significant relevance for wild populations of the species. In this Special Issue, original full research articles, case reports, and reviews are welcome. If you are not sure if your article would fit, you are welcome to email the guest editors. We look forward to receiving your contributions. 

Dr. Omar Gonzales Viera
Prof. Dr. Anibal G. Armien
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • anatomic pathology
  • wildlife
  • infectious diseases
  • metabolic/nutritional diseases
  • toxicology
  • neoplasms
  • nthropogenic activities

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

20 pages, 3387 KiB  
Article
A Survey of Diseases in Different Species of Wild, Captive, and Illegally Traded Birds in Brazil
by Maira dos Santos Carneiro Lacerda, Willian Henrique de Magalhães Santos, Marcelo Coelho Lopes, Clarissa Silva Fonseca, Marcelo Pires Nogueira de Carvalho, Nelson Rodrigo da Silva Martins and Roselene Ecco
Animals 2024, 14(1), 25; https://doi.org/10.3390/ani14010025 - 20 Dec 2023
Viewed by 906
Abstract
Native and exotic avian species can act as reservoirs of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, with conservation and public health implications. A retrospective study on the diagnosis and frequency of diseases in wild and exotic avian species was conducted. The occurrence of particular [...] Read more.
Native and exotic avian species can act as reservoirs of pathogens, including bacteria and viruses, with conservation and public health implications. A retrospective study on the diagnosis and frequency of diseases in wild and exotic avian species was conducted. The occurrence of particular diseases was associated with the type of captivity or the bird’s origin. The investigation included macroscopic and microscopic descriptions and the molecular determination of the causative agent(s). Additional immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis, PCR, and genetic sequencing were conducted. A total of 243 cases were compiled for the study, mainly consisting of native wild species (39.1%) obtained from illegal trade. Primary infectious diseases, mainly parasitic (18.1%) and viral (17.7%), were the most common, although coinfections were substantial (18.1%) in birds rescued from trafficking. Fractures and neoplasms accounted for 3.7% and 3.3% of the cases, respectively. Parasitic and viral diseases were the most common in both exotic and wild birds. Chlamydia psittaci, a lethal and zoonotic bacterium, was an important cause of death, especially in native Psittaciformes. The recent detection of Psittacid alphaherpesvirus 5 (PsAHV 5) in exotic psittacines and the diagnosis of coinfections in trafficked birds highlight the importance of monitoring avian health to control potential pathogens that may endanger conservation efforts. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Pathology of Wildlife in the Americas)
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