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Network, Volume 1, Issue 1 (June 2021) – 4 articles

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22 pages, 652 KiB  
Review
Next Generation of SDN in Cloud-Fog for 5G and Beyond-Enabled Applications: Opportunities and Challenges
by Ehsan Ahvar, Shohreh Ahvar, Syed Mohsan Raza, Jose Manuel Sanchez Vilchez and Gyu Myoung Lee
Network 2021, 1(1), 28-49; https://doi.org/10.3390/network1010004 - 23 Jun 2021
Cited by 31 | Viewed by 7112
Abstract
In recent years, the number of objects connected to the internet have significantly increased. Increasing the number of connected devices to the internet is transforming today’s Internet of Things (IoT) into massive IoT of the future. It is predicted that, in a few [...] Read more.
In recent years, the number of objects connected to the internet have significantly increased. Increasing the number of connected devices to the internet is transforming today’s Internet of Things (IoT) into massive IoT of the future. It is predicted that, in a few years, a high communication and computation capacity will be required to meet the demands of massive IoT devices and applications requiring data sharing and processing. 5G and beyond mobile networks are expected to fulfill a part of these requirements by providing a data rate of up to terabits per second. It will be a key enabler to support massive IoT and emerging mission critical applications with strict delay constraints. On the other hand, the next generation of software-defined networking (SDN) with emerging cloudrelated technologies (e.g., fog and edge computing) can play an important role in supporting and implementing the above-mentioned applications. This paper sets out the potential opportunities and important challenges that must be addressed in considering options for using SDN in hybrid cloud-fog systems to support 5G and beyond-enabled applications. Full article
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17 pages, 1538 KiB  
Article
Scalable and Reliable Data Center Networks by Combining Source Routing and Automatic Labelling
by Elisa Rojas, Joaquin Alvarez-Horcajo, Isaias Martinez-Yelmo, Jose M. Arco and Miguel Briso-Montiano
Network 2021, 1(1), 11-27; https://doi.org/10.3390/network1010003 - 18 Jun 2021
Viewed by 2806
Abstract
Today, most user services are based on cloud computing, which leverages data center networks (DCNs) to efficiently route its communications. These networks process high volumes of traffic and require exhaustive failure management. Furthermore, expanding these networks is usually costly due to their constraint [...] Read more.
Today, most user services are based on cloud computing, which leverages data center networks (DCNs) to efficiently route its communications. These networks process high volumes of traffic and require exhaustive failure management. Furthermore, expanding these networks is usually costly due to their constraint designs. In this article, we present enhanced Torii (eTorii), an automatic, scalable, reliable and flexible multipath routing protocol that aims to accomplish the demanding requirements of DCNs. We prove that eTorii is, by definition, applicable to a wide range of DCNs or any other type of hierarchical network and able to route with minimum forwarding table size and capable of rerouting around failed links on-the-fly with almost zero cost. A proof of concept of the eTorii protocol has been implemented using the Ryu SDN controller and the Mininet framework. Its evaluation shows that eTorii balances the load and preserves high-bandwidth utilization. Thus, it optimizes the use of DCN resources in comparison to other approaches, such as Equal-Cost Multi-Path (ECMP). Full article
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9 pages, 369 KiB  
Article
LTDA-MAC v2.0: Topology-Aware Unsynchronized Scheduling in Linear Multi-Hop UWA Networks
by Nils Morozs, Paul D. Mitchell and Yuriy Zakharov
Network 2021, 1(1), 2-10; https://doi.org/10.3390/network1010002 - 25 May 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2653
Abstract
This paper investigates the use of underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) for subsea asset monitoring. In particular, we focus on the use cases involving the deployment of networks with line topologies, e.g., for monitoring oil and gas pipelines. The Linear Transmit Delay Allocation [...] Read more.
This paper investigates the use of underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs) for subsea asset monitoring. In particular, we focus on the use cases involving the deployment of networks with line topologies, e.g., for monitoring oil and gas pipelines. The Linear Transmit Delay Allocation MAC (LTDA-MAC) protocol facilitates efficient packet scheduling in linear UASNs without clock synchronization at the sensor nodes. It is based on the real-time optimization of a packet schedule for a given network deployment. In this paper, we present a novel greedy algorithm for real-time optimization of LTDA-MAC schedules. It produces collision-free schedules with significantly shorter frame duration, and is 2–3 orders of magnitude more computationally efficient than our previously proposed solution. Simulations of a subsea pipeline monitoring scenario show that, despite no clock synchronization, LTDA-MAC equipped with the proposed schedule optimization algorithm significantly outperforms Spatial TDMA. Full article
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1 pages, 373 KiB  
Editorial
Welcome to Network: A New Open-Access Scientific Journal
by Alexey Vinel
Network 2021, 1(1), 1; https://doi.org/10.3390/network1010001 - 01 Apr 2021
Viewed by 2321
Abstract
Network (ISSN 2673-8732) provides full coverage of all topics of interest involved in the networking area [...] Full article
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