Sinusitis

9 pages, 2679 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Clearance of Bone Substitute in Gel Form Accidentally Dispersed into the Sinus Cavity during Transcrestal Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation: Two-Case Report

by Fabio Bernardello, Teresa Lombardi and Claudio Stacchi

Sinusitis 2021, 5(2), 132-140; https://doi.org/10.3390/sinusitis5020014 - 27 Oct 2021

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 3997

Abstract

Sinus membrane perforation is the most frequent intraoperative complication occurring during maxillary sinus floor elevation. Although numerous techniques for perforation management are present, grafting material dissemination may still occur, representing a potential trigger factor leading to acute or chronic sinusitis. This case report describes two cases of xenogeneic bone substitute in gel form accidentally dispersed into the sinus cavity during maxillary sinus floor elevation with a transcrestal approach. In both cases, immediately postoperative radiographic imaging showed an important amount of gel graft dislodged into the sinus cavity as a consequence of hidden perforations that remained undetected during surgery. Patients were monitored for 6 months after surgery and reported no signs or symptoms related to possible sinus disease. Control radiographs showed no sinus membrane hypertrophy and/or presence of residual disseminated gel, confirming complete clearance of the accidentally dispersed graft through the ostiomeatal complex. In order to minimize postoperative complications, bone substitutes in gel form could represent an interesting alternative to granular grafts for their easier clearance from the maxillary sinus cavity in case of accidental dissemination during sinus augmentation procedures. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Feature Papers in Sinusitis 2021)

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9 pages, 852 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Study of Nasal Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FENO) in Children with Allergic Rhinitis

by Sy Duong-Quy, Thuy Nguyen-Thi-Dieu, Khai Tran-Quang, Tram Tang-Thi-Thao, Toi Nguyen-Van, Thu Vo-Pham-Minh, Quan Vu-Tran-Thien, Khue Bui-Diem, Vinh Nguyen-Nhu, Lam Hoang-Thi and Timothy Craig

Sinusitis 2021, 5(2), 123-131; https://doi.org/10.3390/sinusitis5020013 - 08 Oct 2021

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 3870

Abstract

(1) Background: Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) has been considered as a biomarker of airway inflammation. The measurement of fractional exhaled NO (FENO) is a valuable test for assessing local inflammation in subjects with allergic rhinitis (AR). (2) Objective: To evaluate (a) the correlation between nasal FENO with anthropometric characteristics, symptoms of AR and nasal peak flows in children without and with AR; and (b) the cut-off of nasal FENO for diagnosis of AR in symptomatic children. (3) Methods: The study was a descriptive and cross-sectional study in subjects with and without AR < 18 years old. All clinical and functional characteristics of the study subjects were recorded for analysis. They were divided into healthy subjects for the control group and subjects with AR who met all inclusion criteria. (4) Results: 100 subjects (14 ± 3 years) were included, including 32 control subjects and 68 patients with AR. Nasal FENO in AR patients was significantly higher than in control subjects: 985 ± 232 ppb vs. 229 ± 65 ppb (p < 0.001). In control subjects, nasal FENO was not correlated with anthropometric characteristics and nasal inspiratory or expiratory peak flows (IPF or EPF) (p > 0.05). There was a correlation between nasal FENO and AR symptoms in AR patients and nasal IPF and EPF (p = 0.001 and 0.0001, respectively). The cut-off of nasal FENO for positive AR diagnosis with the highest specificity and sensitivity was ≥794 ppb (96.7% and 92.6%, respectively). (5) Conclusion: The use of nasal FENO as a biomarker of AR provides a useful tool and additional armamentarium in the management of allergic rhinitis. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Allergic Rhinosinusitis and Airway Diseases)

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7 pages, 446 KiB

Open AccessReview

Olfactory Disorders in Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome

by Laura Araújo, Vanessa Arata and Ricardo G. Figueiredo

Sinusitis 2021, 5(2), 116-122; https://doi.org/10.3390/sinusitis5020012 - 24 Sep 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 4479

Abstract

Altered smell is one of the most prevalent symptoms in acute COVID-19 infection. Although most patients recover normal neurosensory function in a few weeks, approximately one-tenth of patients report long-term smell dysfunction, including anosmia, hyposmia, parosmia and phantosmia, with a particularly notable impact on quality of life. In this complex scenario, inflammation and cellular damage may play a key role in the pathogenesis of olfactory dysfunctions and may affect olfactory signaling from the peripheral to the central nervous system. Appropriate management of smell disturbances in COVID-19 patients must focus on the underlying mechanisms and the assessment of neurosensorial pathways. This article aims to review the aspects of olfactory impairment, including its pathophysiology, epidemiology, and clinical management in post-acute COVID-19 syndrome (PACS). Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Allergic Rhinosinusitis and Airway Diseases)

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15 pages, 1563 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effects of the Traditional Mediterranean Diet in Childhood Recurrent Acute Rhinosinusitis

by Fernando M. Calatayud-Sáez, Blanca Calatayud and Ana Calatayud

Sinusitis 2021, 5(2), 101-115; https://doi.org/10.3390/sinusitis5020011 - 02 Sep 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3875

Abstract

Introduction: There are more and more studies that demonstrate the anti-inflammatory effects of the traditional Mediterranean diet (TMD). The aim of the study was to assess the effects of an intervention with the TMD in patients with recurrent acute and chronic rhinosinusitis. Material and Methods: We performed a pretest–posttest comparison study in 114 patients (56 girls and 58 boys) aged one to five years who had three or more acute rhinosinusitis episodes in the period of 1 year. They were included for a year in the nutritional program “Learning to eat from the Mediterranean”. The anthropometric, clinical, and therapeutic characteristics were studied. Results: All the studied indicators showed a positive and statistically significant evolution. Of the patients, 53.5% did not have any episode of acute rhinosinusitis, and 26.3% had only one, compared to the 3.37 they had on average in the previous year. The use of antibiotics decreased by 87.6%. The degree of satisfaction of the families was very high. The Mediterranean Diet Quality Index (KIDMED) that assesses the quality of the TMD rose from 7.7 to 11 points. Conclusions: The adoption of the TMD could have promising effects in the prevention and treatment of recurrent acute and chronic rhinosinusitis, limiting the pharmacological and surgical intervention in many of these patients. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Allergic Rhinosinusitis and Airway Diseases)

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Sinusitis, Volume 5, Issue 2 (December 2021) – 4 articles

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