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Proceeding Paper

The Development of Innovative Materials with a Role in the Conservation and Reinforcement of Wooden Heritage Objects †

by
Toma Fistos
1,2,*,
Roxana Ioana Matei (Brazdis)
1,2,
Anda Maria Baroi
1,3,
Irina Fierascu
1,3,
Radu Claudiu Fierascu
1,2,
Tanta-Verona Iordache
1 and
Sorin-Viorel Dolana
1
1
National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry (ICECHIM), 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
2
Faculty of Chemical Engineering an Biotechnology, National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Str., 011061 Bucharest, Romania
3
Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Blvd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania
*
Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the 19th International Symposium “Priorities of Chemistry for a Sustainable Development”, Bucharest, Romania, 11–13 October 2023.
Proceedings 2023, 90(1), 22; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090022
Published: 8 December 2023
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Versions Notes

Abstract

:
The main objective of this study is the development of a material with a role in the conservation, preservation, and reinforcement of cultural heritage objects, especially those based on organic support material (ex: wood).

1. Introduction

Cultural heritage can be defined as the totality of physical artefacts and intangible aspects that past generations leave as a legacy to future generations. One of the most well-known roles of cultural heritage is the historical one, because it represents a continuous source of knowledge and learning, but not only that—it has special economic importance, on the basis of which several countries substantially develop economically by exploiting heritage from the point of view of tourism and the conservation issues raised by it, thus contributing to the development of multiple scientific branches in their attempt to develop different materials to protect it. The causes of the degradation of cultural heritage are multiple and uncontrollable. The main degradation factors are represented by environmental factors that are constantly developing and that, in recent years, have become more aggressive and more frequent than ever. In this category, we can include strong wind, heavy rains, hurricanes, and blizzards. A second factor is man himself and his evolutionary progress. This category includes pollution, urban development, or deliberate destruction through various conflicts or vandalism [1,2,3].

2. Materials and Methods

The obtained material consists of 2 components: an antimicrobial part represented by a phosphatic material (i.e., hydroxyapatite), with the role of providing the protection of organic materials against various fungi and bacteria, and a polymeric part (i.e., polyurethane) that will provide the compatibility between the consolidating material and the organic support material from which the heritage object is made [4].

3. Results

Below is displayed a SEM image of one of the hydroxyapatite samples (Figure 1) obtained in this research.

4. Conclusions

In this stage, various apatitic materials substituted with heavy metals were synthesized in different molar ratios using the co-precipitation method. To confirm the materials of interest were obtained, they were morpho-structurally analyzed using different techniques: XRD, XRF, FTIR, and SEM-EDS.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, T.F. and R.C.F.; methodology, S.-V.D., T.-V.I., and I.F.; formal analysis, R.C.F., I.F., and T.-V.I.; investigation, R.I.M., A.M.B., T.F., and S.-V.D.; writing—original draft preparation, T.F., R.I.M., A.M.B., and S.-V.D. writing—review and editing, R.C.F., I.F., and T.-V.I.; supervision, R.C.F., I.F., and T.-V.I.; project administration, T.F. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization through Program 1—Development of the national research-development system, Subprogram 1.2-Institutional performance- Projects to finance excellence in RDI, Contract no. 15PFE/2021. The authors also gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by a grant of the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, CCCDI—UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P2-2.1-PED-2021-0627, within PNCDI III.

Institutional Review Board Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Data Availability Statement

The supporting data are available from the corresponding author.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

  1. Brumann, C. Cultural Heritage in IESBS, 2nd ed.; Elsevier: Oxford, UK, 2015; Volume 5, pp. 414–419. [Google Scholar]
  2. Wang, J.J. Flood risk maps to cultural heritage: Measures and process. J. Cult. Herit. 2015, 16, 210–220. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  3. Hall, C.M.; Baird, T.; James, M.; Ram, Y. Climate change and cultural heritage: Conservation and heritage tourism in the Anthropocene. J. Heritage Tour. 2016, 11, 10–24. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  4. Chelazzi, D.; Poggi, G.; Jaidar, Y.; Toccafondi, N.; Giorgi, R.; Baglioni, P. Hydroxide nanoparticles for cultural heritage: Consolidation and protection of wall paintings and carbonate materials. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2013, 392, 42–49. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
Proceedings 90 00022 g001
Figure 1. SEM image of hydroxyapatite material substituted with zinc.
Figure 1. SEM image of hydroxyapatite material substituted with zinc.
Proceedings 90 00022 g001
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Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Fistos, T.; Matei, R.I.; Baroi, A.M.; Fierascu, I.; Fierascu, R.C.; Iordache, T.-V.; Dolana, S.-V. The Development of Innovative Materials with a Role in the Conservation and Reinforcement of Wooden Heritage Objects. Proceedings 2023, 90, 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090022

AMA Style

Fistos T, Matei RI, Baroi AM, Fierascu I, Fierascu RC, Iordache T-V, Dolana S-V. The Development of Innovative Materials with a Role in the Conservation and Reinforcement of Wooden Heritage Objects. Proceedings. 2023; 90(1):22. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090022

Chicago/Turabian Style

Fistos, Toma, Roxana Ioana Matei (Brazdis), Anda Maria Baroi, Irina Fierascu, Radu Claudiu Fierascu, Tanta-Verona Iordache, and Sorin-Viorel Dolana. 2023. "The Development of Innovative Materials with a Role in the Conservation and Reinforcement of Wooden Heritage Objects" Proceedings 90, no. 1: 22. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090022

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