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Abstract

Cryogels Based on Chitosan for Antibiotics Retention †

by
Marinela-Victoria Dumitru
1,2,*,
Andreea Miron
1,
Luisa Maria Rocha Durães
3,
Horia Iovu
2,
Ana-Lorena Neagu (Ciurlica)
1,
Sorin Dolana
1,
Anamaria Zaharia
1,
Anita-Laura Chiriac
1,* and
Tanta-Verona Iordache
1
1
INCDCP-ICECHIM, 202 Spl. Independentei, 6th District, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
2
Department of Bioresources and Polymer Science, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 1-7 Gh. Polizu Street, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Coimbra University, R. Silvio Lima, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
*
Authors to whom correspondence should be addressed.
†
Presented at the 19th International Symposium “Priorities of Chemistry for a Sustainable Development”, Bucharest, Romania, 11–13 October 2023.
Proceedings 2023, 90(1), 16; https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090016
Published: 8 December 2023
Versions Notes

1. Introduction

In recent years, chitosan has gained a lot of interest, especially when it comes to medical uses (wound healing, excipients for drug administration), due to its great biocompatibility and low toxicity [1]. However, the low mechanical properties of this polymer limit its use to some extent. For this reason, in this study, chitosan was used in mixture with a natural clay, i.e., kaolin. The clay (Kaolin) was chosen due to its low toxicity and the occurrence of hydroxyl groups, which is suitable for preparing cryogels with adsorption properties [2,3]. Carbamazepine (CBZ) and Ciprofloxacin (CIP) are two types of antibiotics which are widely used in the treatment of upper infection, epileptic diseases, and many others [4]. Due to their large applications, a significant part of these antibiotics ends up in wastewaters. In order to retain all the traces of the antibiotics, new materials based on chitosan and clay have been studied.

2. Materials and Methods

To develop new cryogels with an adsorption capacity towards antibiotics, commercial chitosan (CC) and organophilized clay (K-MAPTES) were required. The other reagents used include acetic acid, which was used in mixture with water for chitosan dissolution; methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (MAPTES, Sigma Aldrich), the organophilization agent for Kaolin modification; and a crosslinking agent and two antibiotics (CBZ and CIP). The organophilization stage was needed because kaolin is an inorganic compound and, in order to be incorporated into the chitosan matrix, it needs some organic moieties on its surface. The cryogels obtained were lyophilized and tested for antibiotic retention.

3. Results

Several characterization techniques (FTIR, SD, UV-Vis) were required to demonstrate the preparation of the developed materials. The FTIR spectra confirmed the incorporation of the inorganic component into the polymer matrix by the appearance of the characteristic bands for the silylation agent—MAPTES—and for the involved materials. The swelling degrees were able to determine the swelling capacity of the samples and also establish how much time they were able to resist in water. The UV-Vis results indicate the great adsorption capacity of cryogels for both antibiotics (CIP and CBZ).

4. Conclusions

In conclusion, following the results obtained, new cryogels based on chitosan and clay were obtained. These materials show a great adsorption capacity for antibiotics and present potential for future use in wastewater treatment.

Author Contributions

Conceptualization, T.-V.I., A.-L.C. and L.M.R.D.; methodology, T.-V.I., M.-V.D. and A.-L.C.; formal analysis, A.-L.N., S.D. and M.-V.D.; investigation, S.D., A.Z., A.M. and H.I.; resources L.M.R.D., writing—original draft preparation, T.-V.I., M.-V.D. and H.I.; writing—review and editing, T.-V.I., M.-V.D. and A.-L.C.; visualization and funding acquisition, T.-V.I. and A.-L.C. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Funding

The authors would like to thank the 15PFE/2021 “Susținerea competitivității și excelenței cercetării și inovării din INCDCP-ICECHIM în domeniul bioeconomiei și în domeniile conexe”, financed by the Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitalization, OPTIM.

Institutional Review Board Statement

Not applicable.

Informed Consent Statement

Not applicable.

Data Availability Statement

Not applicable.

Conflicts of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

References

  1. Ogawa, K.; Yui, T.; Okuyama, K. Three D structures of chitosan. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 2004, 34, 1–8. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef] [PubMed]
  2. Yang, T.; Wang, N.; Gu, H. The adsorption of niobium (V) on kaolin clay and kaolinite. Appl. Clay Sci. 2023, 235, 106866. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  3. Zhang, A.; Liu, J.; Yang, Y.; Yu, Y.; Wu, D. Experimental and theoretical studies on the adsorption performance of lead by thermal pre-activation and phosphate modified kaolin sorbent. J. Chem. Eng. 2023, 451, 138762. [Google Scholar] [CrossRef]
  4. Kazmi, A.A.; Vellanki, P.B.; Dubey, M. Removal of emerging contaminants in conventional and advanced biological wastewater treatment plants in India-a comparison of treatment technologies. Environ. Res. 2023, 218, 115012. [Google Scholar]
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Share and Cite

MDPI and ACS Style

Dumitru, M.-V.; Miron, A.; Durães, L.M.R.; Iovu, H.; Neagu, A.-L.; Dolana, S.; Zaharia, A.; Chiriac, A.-L.; Iordache, T.-V. Cryogels Based on Chitosan for Antibiotics Retention. Proceedings 2023, 90, 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090016

AMA Style

Dumitru M-V, Miron A, Durães LMR, Iovu H, Neagu A-L, Dolana S, Zaharia A, Chiriac A-L, Iordache T-V. Cryogels Based on Chitosan for Antibiotics Retention. Proceedings. 2023; 90(1):16. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090016

Chicago/Turabian Style

Dumitru, Marinela-Victoria, Andreea Miron, Luisa Maria Rocha Durães, Horia Iovu, Ana-Lorena Neagu (Ciurlica), Sorin Dolana, Anamaria Zaharia, Anita-Laura Chiriac, and Tanta-Verona Iordache. 2023. "Cryogels Based on Chitosan for Antibiotics Retention" Proceedings 90, no. 1: 16. https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2023090016

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