Brown Adipose Tissue Biodistribution and Correlations Particularities in Parathyroid Pathology Personalized Diagnosis
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Materials and Methods
- Patients
- 99mTc-sestamibi Parathyroid Scanning Protocol
- Image processing and interpretation (Figure 1)
- Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Clinical Characteristics | Total Patients n = 56 | Nonobese Patients (BMI < 25 kg/m2) n = 29 | Overweight and Obese Patients (BMI > 25 kg/m2) n = 27 | p-Value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, median (IQR), year | 58 (45–64) | 52 (33–65) | 60 (55–62) | 0.062 * |
Age, mean (SD), year | 58.4 (15.4) | 48.3 (18.3) | 58.4 (9.3) | |
Gender, female/male, n (%) | 49/7 (87.5/12.5) | 23/6 (79.3/20.7) | 26/1 (96.3/3.7) | 0.043 ^ |
Season, n (%) | ||||
spring | 19 (33.9) | 15 (51.7) | 4 (14.8) | 0.014 ^ |
summer | 14 (25) | 5 (17.2) | 9 (33.3) | |
autumn | 12 (21.4) | 3 (10.4) | 9 (33.3) | |
winter | 11 (19.6) | 6 (20.7) | 5 (18.6) | |
Scintigraphy, n (%) | ||||
parathyroid adenomas | 46 (82.1) | 23 (79.3) | 23 (85.2) | 0.564 ^ |
hyperfunctional parathyroid glands | 10 (17.9) | 6 (20.7) | 4 (14.8) | |
Body weight, median (IQR), kg | 67.5 (58–75.5) | 60 (53–64) | 75 (70–86) | <0.001 * |
Body weight, mean (SD), kg | 67.5 (14.7) | 58.1 (10.5) | 77.8 (11.2) | |
BMI, median (IQR), kg/m2 | 24.6 (21.9–27.3) | 22.1 (19.6–23.8) | 27.9 (25.9–31.9) | <0.001 * |
BMI, mean (SD), kg/m2 | 25.3 (4.9) | 21.7 (2.6) | 29.1 (3.67) | |
Comorbidities, n (%) | 55 (98.2) | 28 (96.5) | 27 (100) | 0.330 ^ |
Diabetes | 6 (10.7) | 2 (6.9) | 4 (14.8) | 0.335 ^ |
Renal pathologies | 17 (30.4) | 9 (31.1) | 8 (29.6) | 0.909 ^ |
Hypertension | 19 (33.9) | 8 (27.6) | 11 (40.7) | 0.298 ^ |
Osteoporosis | 28 (50) | 13 (44.8) | 15 (55.6) | 0.421 ^ |
PTH, mean (SD), pg/mL | 456.7 (792.4) | 719.5 (1034.3) | 174.5 (128.9) | 0.031 * |
TSH, mean (SD), µUI/mL | 1.86 (1.37) | 2.03 (1.62) | 1.62 (0.94) | 0.254 * |
FT4, mean (SD), ng/dL | 1.04 (0.24) | 1.05 (0.27) | 1.03 (0.21) | 0.524 * |
Ca, mean (SD), mg/dL | 10.21 (1.23) | 10.01 (1.05) | 10.42 (1.37) | 0.275 * |
Vitamin D, mean (SD), ng/mL | 24.68 (12.84) | 28.79 (13.94) | 21.15 (11.12) | 0.975 * |
Phosphorus, mean (SD), mg/dL | 3.35 (1.18) | 3.73 (1.25) | 2.87 (0.91) | 0.625 * |
Magnesium, mean (SD), mg/dL | 2.13 (0.33) | 2.19 (0.39) | 2.04 (0.18) | 0.360 * |
Urea, mean (SD), mg/dL | 46.65 (35.54) | 54.62 (43.71) | 36.57 (17.71) | 0.098 * |
Creatinine, mean (SD), mg/dL | 1.70 (2.39) | 2.34 (3.06) | 0.89 (0.31) | 0.035 * |
Thyroid pathology, n (%) | ||||
Hashimoto’s autoimmune thyroiditis | 6 (10.7) | 3 (10.3) | 3 (11.1) | 0.926 ^ |
Basedow’s disease | 2 (3.6) | 1 (3.5) | 1 (3.7) | 0.958 ^ |
Nodular goiter | 22 (39.3) | 10 (34.5) | 12 (44.4) | 0.445 ^ |
Total Patients | Nonobese Patients (BMI < 25 kg/m2) n = 29 | Overweight and Obese Patients (BMI > 25 kg/m2) n = 27 | p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
BAT localisation, n (%) | ||||
Unique location | 41 (73.2) | 25 (86.2) | 16 (59.3) | 0.021 ^ |
Multiple locations | 15 (26.8) | 4 (13.8) | 11 (40.7) | |
BAT, | ||||
homogeneous | 24 (42.9) | 10 (34.5) | 14 (51.9) | 0.189 ^ |
non-homogeneous | 32 (57.1) | 19 (65.5) | 13 (48.1) | |
BAT | ||||
symmetric | 52 (92.9) | 28 (96.6) | 24 (88.9) | 0.265 ^ |
asymmetric | 4 (7.1) | 1 (3.4) | 3 (11.1) | |
(total counts/pixels)BAT/ | ||||
(total counts/pixels)non-BAT | ||||
ratio cervical right | ||||
median (IQR) | 1.52 (1.34–1.65) | 1.44 (1.29–1.66) | 1.55 (1.46–1.63) | 0.031 * |
mean (SD) | 1.49 (0.27) | 1.45 (0.31) | 1.53 (0.23) | |
(total counts/pixels)BAT/ | ||||
(total counts/pixels)non-BAT | ||||
ratio cervical left | ||||
median (IQR) | 1.58 (1.42–1.71) | 1.54 (1.41–1.68) | 1.59 (1.47–1.81) | 0.412 * |
mean (SD) | 1.57 (0.31) | 1.51 (0.31) | 1.62 (0.30) | |
(total counts/pixels)BAT/ | ||||
(total counts/pixels)non-BAT | ||||
ratio supraclavicular right | ||||
median (IQR) | 1 (1–1.42) | 1 (1–1.12) | 1 (1–1.45) | 0.284 * |
mean (SD) | 1.21 (0.35) | 1.9 (0.41) | 1.23 (0.29) | |
(total counts/pixels)BAT/ | ||||
(total counts/pixels)non-BAT | ||||
ratio supraclavicular left | ||||
median (IQR) | 1 (1–1.30) | 1 (1–1.27) | 1 (1–1.38) | 0.992 * |
mean (SD) | 1.18 (0.31) | 1.18 (0.38) | 1.19 (0.31) |
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Jalloul, W.; Moscalu, M.; Grierosu, I.; Ionescu, T.; Stolniceanu, C.R.; Gutu, M.; Ghizdovat, V.; Mocanu, V.; Azoicai, D.; Iliescu, R.; et al. Brown Adipose Tissue Biodistribution and Correlations Particularities in Parathyroid Pathology Personalized Diagnosis. Diagnostics 2022, 12, 3182. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123182
Jalloul W, Moscalu M, Grierosu I, Ionescu T, Stolniceanu CR, Gutu M, Ghizdovat V, Mocanu V, Azoicai D, Iliescu R, et al. Brown Adipose Tissue Biodistribution and Correlations Particularities in Parathyroid Pathology Personalized Diagnosis. Diagnostics. 2022; 12(12):3182. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123182
Chicago/Turabian StyleJalloul, Wael, Mihaela Moscalu, Irena Grierosu, Teodor Ionescu, Cati Raluca Stolniceanu, Mihai Gutu, Vlad Ghizdovat, Veronica Mocanu, Doina Azoicai, Radu Iliescu, and et al. 2022. "Brown Adipose Tissue Biodistribution and Correlations Particularities in Parathyroid Pathology Personalized Diagnosis" Diagnostics 12, no. 12: 3182. https://doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123182