Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Sarcopenia in Older Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study
Abstract
:1. Introduction
2. Methods
2.1. Participants
2.2. Physical Activity
2.3. Sedentary Behavior
2.4. Fruit and Vegetable
2.5. Sarcopneia
2.6. Control Variables
2.7. Statistical Analysis
3. Results
4. Discussion
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Acknowledgments
Conflicts of Interest
References
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Variables | n | Mean ± SD/% | |
---|---|---|---|
Age | 5418 | 72.92 ± 5.86 | |
Gender | Male | 2551 | 47.08 |
Female | 2867 | 52.92 | |
Education (years) | 0 | 862 | 15.91 |
1–6 | 1555 | 28.71 | |
7–12 | 509 | 9.39 | |
>12 | 314 | 5.80 | |
Missing | 2178 | 40.20 | |
Residential areas | Rural | 2441 | 45.05 |
Urban | 2977 | 54.95 | |
Alcohol consumption | Yes | 1442 | 26.61 |
No | 3758 | 69.36 | |
Missing | 218 | 4.03 | |
Smoking | Never | 3556 | 65.62 |
Current | 1178 | 21.74 | |
Past | 465 | 8.58 | |
Missing | 209 | 3.86 | |
Number of chronic diseases | 0 | 1926 | 35.55 |
1–2 | 2599 | 47.97 | |
≥3 | 572 | 10.56 | |
Missing | 321 | 5.92 | |
Sarcopenia (yes) | 822 | 15.17 | |
Missing | 613 | 11.31 | |
Recommendations met | |||
None | 169 | 3.48 | |
MVPA | 3133 | 57.83 | |
Sedentary behavior | 4890 | 90.25 | |
Fruit and vegetable intake | 2877 | 53.10 | |
MVPA + sedentary hehavior | 2953 | 54.50 | |
MVPA + fruit and vegetable intake | 1865 | 34.42 | |
Sedentary behavior + fruit and vegetable intake | 2625 | 48.45 | |
MVPA + sedentary + fruit and vegetable intake | 1768 | 32.63 |
Unadjusted | Adjusted # | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
p | OR | 95%CI | p | OR | 95%CI | |||
Specific combinations | ||||||||
None (reference) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
MVPA only | <0.001 | 0.68 | 0.59 | 0.79 | 0.77 | 1.03 | 0.86 | 1.22 |
Sedentary behavior only | <0.01 | 1.35 | 1.08 | 1.70 | 0.90 | 0.98 | 0.75 | 1.28 |
Fruit and vegetable intake only | <0.001 | 0.49 | 0.41 | 0.57 | <0.001 | 0.69 | 0.58 | 0.83 |
MVPA + sedentary behavior | <0.001 | 0.53 | 0.40 | 0.70 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.73 | 1.39 |
MVPA + fruit and vegetable intake | <0.001 | 0.35 | 0.28 | 0.43 | <0.01 | 0.67 | 0.52 | 0.86 |
Sedentary behavior + fruit and vegetable intake | <0.001 | 0.34 | 0.25 | 0.47 | 0.04 | 0.69 | 0.48 | 0.98 |
All | <0.001 | 0.26 | 0.18 | 0.37 | 0.04 | 0.63 | 0.41 | 0.98 |
General combinations | ||||||||
None (reference) | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
One | <0.01 | 0.57 | 0.40 | 0.82 | 0.12 | 0.72 | 0.48 | 1.09 |
Two | <0.001 | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.49 | <0.01 | 0.61 | 0.41 | 0.90 |
Three | <0.001 | 0.26 | 0.18 | 0.37 | <0.01 | 0.63 | 0.41 | 0.98 |
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Zhang, Y.; Liu, X.; Ma, Y.; Li, X. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Sarcopenia in Older Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023, 15, 3417. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153417
Zhang Y, Liu X, Ma Y, Li X. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Sarcopenia in Older Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients. 2023; 15(15):3417. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153417
Chicago/Turabian StyleZhang, Yanjie, Xiaolei Liu, Yongzhi Ma, and Xinxing Li. 2023. "Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Sarcopenia in Older Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study" Nutrients 15, no. 15: 3417. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153417