Pediatric Reports

5660 pages, 587 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cross-Sectional Study on Differences in Pain Perception and Behavioral Distress During Venipuncture Between Italian and Chinese Children

by

,

,

,

,

,

,

José Rafael Gonzalez Lopez

and

Filippo Festini

Pediatr. Rep. 2014, 6(3), 5660; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2014.5660 - 15 Dec 2014

Cited by 7 | Viewed by 378

Abstract

Venipuncture is perhaps the scariest aspect of hospitalization for children as it causes pain and high levels of behavioral distress. Pain is a complex experience which is also influenced by social factors such as cultural attitudes, beliefs and traditions. Studies focusing on ethnic/cultural [...] Read more.

Venipuncture is perhaps the scariest aspect of hospitalization for children as it causes pain and high levels of behavioral distress. Pain is a complex experience which is also influenced by social factors such as cultural attitudes, beliefs and traditions. Studies focusing on ethnic/cultural differences in pain perception and behavioral distress show controversial results, in particular with regards to children. The aim of this paper is to evaluate differences in pain perception and behavioral manifestations between Italian and Chinese children undergoing a venipuncture, through a cross-sectional study. Behavioral distress and self-reported pain were measured in Chinese and Italian outpatient children during a standardized blood-drawing procedure, using the Observational Scale of Behavioral Distress (OSBD) and pain scales. We observed 332 children: 93 Chinese and 239 Italian. Chinese children scored higher than Italians on pain scales − mean scores 5.3 (95%CI 4.78-5.81) vs. 3.2 (95%CI 2.86-3.53) − but lower mean OSBD scores − mean 4.1 (95%CI 3.04-5.15) vs. 8.1 (95%CI 7.06-9.14). Our data suggest that Chinese children experience higher levels of pain than their Italian peers, although they show more self-control in their behavioral reaction to pain when experiencing venipuncture. Full article

5619 pages, 539 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Intraventricular Ciprofloxacin Usage in Treatment of Multidrug-Resistant Central Nervous System Infections: Report of Four Cases

by

Ayşe Karaaslan

,

Eda Kepenekli Kadayifçi

,

Ozden Turel

,

Demet Gedikbaşi Toprak

,

Ahmet Soysal

and

Mustafa Bakir

Pediatr. Rep. 2014, 6(3), 5619; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2014.5619 - 12 Dec 2014

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 303

Abstract

In recent years, multidrug-resistant microorganisms appear as important nosocomial pathogens which treatment is quite difficult. As sufficient drug levels could not be achieved in cerebrospinal fluid during intravenous antibiotic therapy for central nervous system infections and due to multidrug-resistance treatment alternatives are limited. [...] Read more.

In recent years, multidrug-resistant microorganisms appear as important nosocomial pathogens which treatment is quite difficult. As sufficient drug levels could not be achieved in cerebrospinal fluid during intravenous antibiotic therapy for central nervous system infections and due to multidrug-resistance treatment alternatives are limited. In this study, four cases of central nervous system infections due to multidrug-resistant microorganisms who were successfully treated with removal of the devices and intraventricular ciprofloxacin are presented. In conclusion, intraventricular ciprofloxacin can be used for treatment of central nervous system infections if the causative microorganism is sensitive to the drug and no other alternative therapy is available. Full article

5596 pages, 519 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

A Case of Protracted Diarrhea in a Newborn: A Diagnostic Challenge

by

Catarina Mendes

, Catarina Figueiredo, Helena Mansilha, Elisa Proenca, Dulce Oliveira, Rosa Lima and Carmen Carvalho

Pediatr. Rep. 2014, 6(3), 5596; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2014.5596 - 11 Dec 2014

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 356

Abstract

Congenital diarrhea comprises a broad range of pathologies and often requires a thor- ough workup and immediate treatment. Although rare, microvillous inclusion disease (MVID) should be included in differential diagnosis of this presentation in the neonate. We report the case of a 36-week [...] Read more.

Congenital diarrhea comprises a broad range of pathologies and often requires a thor- ough workup and immediate treatment. Although rare, microvillous inclusion disease (MVID) should be included in differential diagnosis of this presentation in the neonate. We report the case of a 36-week newborn who developed signs of severe dehydration and lethargy, requiring fluid resuscitation and total parenteral nutrition. MVID was diagnosed by recognition of profuse secretory diarrhea after an exhaustive etiological investigation, confirmed by DNA analysis. Full article

5491 pages, 533 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Post Intubation Tracheal Stenosis in Children

by

Marco Caruselli

, Mirco Amici, Dario Galante, Olivier Paut, Giovanni De Francisci and Laura Carboni

Pediatr. Rep. 2014, 6(3), 5491; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2014.5491 - 11 Dec 2014

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 412

Abstract

Many authors have reported that tracheal stenosis is a complication that can follow tracheal intubation in both adults and children. The symptoms, when they do appear, can be confused with asthma, with subsequent treatment providing only mild and inconsistent relief. We report here [...] Read more.

Many authors have reported that tracheal stenosis is a complication that can follow tracheal intubation in both adults and children. The symptoms, when they do appear, can be confused with asthma, with subsequent treatment providing only mild and inconsistent relief. We report here the case of an 8 year old girl admitted to our hospital for whooping cough that was not responding to therapy. Full article

5532 pages, 635 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Electroencephalogram and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Comparison as a Predicting Factor for Neurodevelopmental Outcome in Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy Infant Treated with Hypothermia

by Francesca Del Balzo, Stella Maiolo, Paola Papoff, Luigi Giannini, Corrado Moretti, Enrico Properzi and

Alberto Spalice

Pediatr. Rep. 2014, 6(3), 5532; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2014.5532 - 01 Oct 2014

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 368

Abstract

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of acute neurological damage in newborns at (or near) term. Several trials in recent years have shown that moderate hypothermia by total body cooling or selective head is an effective intervention to reduce mortality and major [...] Read more.

Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is an important cause of acute neurological damage in newborns at (or near) term. Several trials in recent years have shown that moderate hypothermia by total body cooling or selective head is an effective intervention to reduce mortality and major disability in infants survived a perinatal hypoxic-ischemic attack. Follow-up in these patients is very important to establish neurodevelopmental outcome, and specific markers can lead us to detect predicting sign for good or poor outcome. We reported a few cases of newborn with HIE treated with hypothermia, in whom the comparison between electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) represents the first marker for neurodevelopment outcome prediction. The continuous EEG monitoring showed a depressed EEG activity with diffuse burst depression in 7 patients. No epileptic abnormalities were registered. In 10 out of 20 patients no abnormalities of the background activity and no epileptic abnormalities were observed. We found that a depressed EEG activity during the first 72 h of life and a diffused alteration of basal ganglia at MRI were correlated with a poor neurodevelopmental outcome at 18 months of follow-up. Full article

5534 pages, 640 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Music Benefits on Postoperative Distress and Pain in Pediatric Day Care Surgery

by

,

,

,

, Marco Brunero,

,

,

,

,

and

Pediatr. Rep. 2014, 6(3), 5534; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2014.5534 - 29 Sep 2014

Cited by 28 | Viewed by 892

Abstract

Postoperative effect of music listening has not been established in pediatric age. Response on postoperative distress and pain in pediatric day care surgery has been evaluated. Forty-two children were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to the music-group (music intervention during awakening [...] Read more.

Postoperative effect of music listening has not been established in pediatric age. Response on postoperative distress and pain in pediatric day care surgery has been evaluated. Forty-two children were enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to the music-group (music intervention during awakening period) or the non-music group (standard postoperative care). Slow and fast classical music and pauses were recorded and played via ambient speakers. Heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, glucose and cortisol levels, faces pain scale and Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) Pain Scale were considered as indicators of response to stress and pain experience. Music during awakening induced lower increase of systolic and diastolic blood pressure levels. The non-music group showed progressive increasing values of glycemia; in music-group the curve of glycemia presented a plateau pattern (P<0.001). Positive impact on reactions to pain was noted using the FLACC scale. Music improves cardiovascular parameters, stress-induced hyperglycemia. Amelioration on pain perception is more evident in older children. Positive effects seems to be achieved by the alternation of fast, slow rhythms and pauses even in pediatric age. Full article

5447 pages, 677 KiB

Open AccessCase Report

Virilizing Ovarian Fibrothecoma with Minor Sex Cord Elements in a 13 Year Old Girl: A Rare Case

by

,

,

and

Pediatr. Rep. 2014, 6(3), 5447; https://doi.org/10.4081/pr.2014.5447 - 12 Aug 2014

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 385

Abstract

Fibrothecoma accounts for 3-4% of all ovarian neoplasms; it is usually hormonally inactive, but can be estrogenic or sometimes androgenic (11%); it is rare under 30 years. In a very few cases, minor sex cord elements (less than 10% of the tumor area) [...] Read more.

Fibrothecoma accounts for 3-4% of all ovarian neoplasms; it is usually hormonally inactive, but can be estrogenic or sometimes androgenic (11%); it is rare under 30 years. In a very few cases, minor sex cord elements (less than 10% of the tumor area) are present; therefore, it is considered as a separate sub-group of stromal tumors. The importance of immunohistochemistry in recognizing this kind of tumor has been fully documented, with variable results on inhibin staining, but specific positivity for calretenin in such cases. We report here the rare case of a 13-year-old child with ovarian fibrothecoma and minor sex cord stromal elements, who showed negativity for inhibin and positivity for calretenin. Full article

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Pediatr. Rep., Volume 6, Issue 3 (August 2014) – 7 articles

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