Self-Position Determination Based on Array Signal Subspace Fitting under Multipath Environments
Abstract
:1. Introduction
- (1)
- The K-means clustering algorithm is applied to identify NLOS components from the multipath signals with a distance comparison function. The intersection of bearing lines, which is nearest to the adjacent points, is selected as the initial position estimation. The angles formed by the emitters and initial position are considered as reference angles. The distance comparison function is established using the Euclidean distance between the reference angle and DOA estimation results for each emitter.
- (2)
- The SSF cost function for suppressing NLOS components is established to obtain a precise estimation result. The NLOS components of the signal subspace are suppressed with orthogonal projection. The suppressed signal subspace fitting is obtained using the least squares (LS) equation and the orthogonal projection is incorporated into the matrix in the SSF cost function.
- (3)
- The local grid search of self-position determination is proposed to reduce the computational complexity of the cost function. On the basis of the initial position estimation, the vehicle position is roughly determined. The accurate position determination can be obtained using the cost function calculation on the local grid points distributed around the initial estimation.
- (4)
- The simulation results show that the proposed method has low computational complexity and high position estimation precision. The numerical analysis shows that the computational complexity of the proposed method is at least lower than MUSIC, ISF and SSF. A cumulative distribution function (CDF) analysis demonstrates that 85 percent of the estimated deviation values for the proposed method are smaller than the clustering algorithm and less than MUSIC, ISF and SSF under multipath environments.
2. Signal Model
3. The Proposed Method
3.1. DOA Estimation of Multipath Signals
3.2. Discrimination of NLOS Components with Clustering Algorithm
3.3. NLOS Data Suppression with Orthogonal Projection
3.4. Self-Position Determination with Array Signal Subspace Fitting
3.4.1. Grid Search Model
3.4.2. Signal Subspace Fitting
Algorithm 1 Self-Position Determination Based on Array Signal Subspace Fitting under Multipath Environments |
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4. Performance Analysis
4.1. Complexity Analysis
4.2. Simulation Results
5. Conclusions
Author Contributions
Funding
Institutional Review Board Statement
Informed Consent Statement
Data Availability Statement
Conflicts of Interest
Abbreviations
CVIS | Cooperative Vehicle Infrastructure Systems |
SSF | Signal Subspace Fitting |
ISF | Initial Signal Fitting |
NLOS | Non-Line-Of-Sight |
LOS | Line-Of-Sight |
ULA | Uniform Linear Array |
DOA | Direction Of Arrival |
MUSIC | Multiple Signal Classification |
LS | Least Squares |
SNR | Signal-To-Noise Ratio |
CDF | Cumulative Distribution Function |
RMSE | Root Mean Square Error |
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Method | Computational Complexity |
---|---|
MUSIC | |
ISF | |
SSF | |
proposed |
SNR | RMSE () |
---|---|
0 dB | 0.3945 |
5 dB | 0.2514 |
10 dB | 0.1513 |
15 dB | 0.1132 |
20 dB | 0.0464 |
25 dB | 0.0250 |
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Cao, Z.; Li, P.; Tang, W.; Li, J.; Zhang, X. Self-Position Determination Based on Array Signal Subspace Fitting under Multipath Environments. Sensors 2023, 23, 9356. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239356
Cao Z, Li P, Tang W, Li J, Zhang X. Self-Position Determination Based on Array Signal Subspace Fitting under Multipath Environments. Sensors. 2023; 23(23):9356. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239356
Chicago/Turabian StyleCao, Zhongkang, Pan Li, Wanghao Tang, Jianfeng Li, and Xiaofei Zhang. 2023. "Self-Position Determination Based on Array Signal Subspace Fitting under Multipath Environments" Sensors 23, no. 23: 9356. https://doi.org/10.3390/s23239356